Honors College Thesis
 

Evaluation of the bactericidal function of neutrophils in cats with chronic diseases

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  • Neutrophils are phagocytic cells involved in innate immunity, the first line of defense against foreign pathogens. These cells traffic to the bloodstream reaching tissues in which pathogens are present through activation of the complement system, a cascade of enzymatic reactions that opsonizes, or marks, a pathogen for neutrophilic attack. Upon recognition of the pathogen, neutrophils can employ several methods of eradication, such as engulfment, deployment of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and exposure to toxic antimicrobial proteins. Chronic diseases, such as kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and leukemia can result in premature release of neutrophils from their maturation sites and subsequently impair neutrophil function compared to that of healthy individuals. This research sought to evaluate the neutrophil function of felines with chronic diseases compared to cats without a diagnosis of chronic disease. Inoculated Escherichia coli strain OP50 (E. coli) was added to samples of fresh whole blood. Following incubation, blood samples were plated to determine the number of bacteria present at successive time points. This process was then repeated with isolated blood plasma. Feline patients with chronic diseases had a higher mean neutrophil count compared to feline patients without a chronic disease diagnosis. Additionally, feline chronic disease patients experienced an increase of E. coli clearance from 2 hours to 24 hours post-infection on average compared to control patients without chronic disease.
  • Keywords: neutrophils, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, leukemia, Escherichia coli
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  • 33 pages
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