Honors College Thesis
 

The Effect of the Lateral Collateral Ligament on Coronoid Process Loading in Dogs : An Ex Vivo Study

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  • Large canine breeds are commonly diagnosed with a type of elbow disease called fragmented medial coronoid process (FMCP). FMCP occurs when the cartilage and bone of the coronoid process, located on the ulna, is fractured. Etiologies include mechanical overload of the ulna and incongruences of the radius and ulna with the humerus. 18 canine cadaver forelimbs were subjected to a vertical load of 200N in seven different conditions: intact, humeral radial ligament cut, humeral ulnar ligament cut, no ligaments, prosthetic humeral radial ligament, prosthetic humeral ulnar ligament, and both prosthetic ligaments. Pressure sensors in the elbow joint were used to record the contact area, contact pressure, and peak contact pressure. Results indicated a significant difference between whether lateral collateral ligaments were kept intact and when ligaments were removed, demonstrating their importance in stability of the elbow joint. Subsequent replacement of the LCL ligament with a prosthetic one consisting of suture and bone screws resulted in significant changes in in the peak contact pressure and contact area of the ulna. The use of prosthetic ligaments was effective in restoring stability in the elbow and may be used as an alternative treatment option for young and adult dogs vulnerable to FMCP. Keywords: fragmented medial coronoid process, lateral collateral ligament, canine, orthopaedics
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