Undergraduate Thesis Or Project
 

Use of Platelet Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Subclinical Endometritis in Beef Heifers

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  • Postpartum uterine inflammation (endometritis) is not uncommon in beef cattle, resulting in infertility and culling. Prolonged calving may contribute to the increased incidence of endometritis in heifers. Commonly used methods to treat endometritis in beef cattle include intrauterine antibiotics and/or hormone injections, which can result in meat residues. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is an effective therapeutic treatment for endometritis in horses. A preliminary study showed PRP proliferated bovine endometrial cells in vitro. Therefore, it was hypothesized that PRP would decrease endometritis in beef heifers. Fifteen crossbred normally-calving beef heifers were randomly divided into three intrauterine treatment groups (platelet rich plasma (PRP), platelet-poor plasma (PPP), and saline (SHE)). In addition, three abnormally-calving heifers (SHD) and three normally calving cows (SCE) were included and only administered intrauterine saline. Heifers and cows were examined at two times: 14.5±3.5 and 27.5±2.5 days postpartum. Each exam included: transrectal ultrasonography of the cervix and uterus, cervical discharge score (CDS) using a speculum, endometrial quantitative aerobic bacterial culture and cytology. At the end of the first exam, 10 mL of either PRP, PPP or SAL were administered by uterine infusion. Platelet rich plasma was prepared using routine methods. No treatment was administered after the second exam. The mean±SD average uterine horn diameter, cervical diameter, CDS, bacterial count, and percentage of macrophages (%MACs) and polymorphonuclear cells (%PMNs) were compared from the two time points using a Student’s t test. Groups were compared between time points using a repeated measures analysis of variance followed by a Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. Significance was defined as p<0.05. Average uterine horn diameter decreased after treatment in the SHE and PPP groups. Average uterine horn diameter did not differ when comparing the two time points in the PRP, SCE, or SHD groups. Cervical diameter decreased in the PRP, PPP and SCE groups, but not in the SHE group or SHD group. CDS decreased in the PRP and SHE groups, but not in the PPP group. There was no difference in the number of total aerobic bacteria cultured for the PRP, PPP, SHE, SCE and SHD group. There was no difference in PMNs in the PRP, PPP, SHE, SCE, and SHD groups. MACs decreased in the PRP group, but not the PPP, SHE, SCE or SHD groups. PRP decreased expression of inflammatory cells as shown by decrease in endometrial macrophages. In bovine endometrial cells that were exposed to bacterial endotoxin in vitro, PRP has been shown to significantly down-regulate pro-inflammatory genes (interleukin-8), interleukin-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2). Further research needs to be done to study the in vivo effect of PRP on endometrial pro-inflammatory genes.
  • Keywords: Cervical discharge score, Cow, Endometrial Cytology, Transrectal ultrasonography, Vaginal speculum exam
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  • This research study was financially supported by the Oregon Beef Council, Oregon State University College of Agricultural Sciences Beginning Researcher Support Program and Continuing Researcher Support Program, and the E.R. Jackman Internship Support Program.
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  • Ongoing Research
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  • 2019-06-11 to 2021-07-12
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