Undergraduate Thesis Or Project
 

Evolution and Expression of TSR-domain proteins in cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis

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  • The symbiotic relationship between cnidarians, such as corals and sea anemones, and dinoflagellates plays a crucial role in supporting the diversity and productivity of coral reefs. Critical to the symbiosis is the recognition process between host and symbiont at the onset of symbiosis, which involves the host innate immune system. One potential group of immune proteins in cnidarians are those that contain the thrombospondin type-1 repeat (TSR). In vertebrates, TSR domain-containing proteins are involved in diverse functions including immunity, however not much is currently known about these proteins in cnidarians. Previous work on the sea anemone Aiptasia pallida demonstrated that TSR domain-containing proteins potentially play a role at the onset of symbiosis, however the specific TSR domain-containing protein involved in this process is unknown. Thus, we have chosen two specific TSR domain-containing proteins, semaphorin-5 and trypsin-like, to investigate. We have characterized semaphorins from a diversity of invertebrates and generated a phylogenetic tree to develop an understanding of semaphorin evolution in metazoans. Lastly, we measured gene expression of two TSR-domain-containing proteins, a semaphorin-5 and trypsinlike sequence, in A. pallida at the onset of symbiosis using qPCR. Overall, the research presented here suggests that there is a distinct clade of cnidarian semaphorin-5 sequences that is separate from the other metazoan semaphorin-5 sequences. Finally, semaphorin-5 showed an initial upregulation at the onset of symbiosis, indicating that it potentially plays a role in the phagocytosis of symbionts.
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  • SURE Science Oregon State UniversityNational Science Foundation
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