Undergraduate Thesis Or Project
 

Aluminum Tolerance of Winter Wheat

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/undergraduate_thesis_or_projects/cj82kg62d

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  • Wheat is an important part of a healthy and balanced diet, requiring six servings per day to maintain a recommended 2000 Calorie intake (McRae, 2017). Because of this more land than almost any other kind of cereal is set aside for the purposes of growing wheat. To keep up with future demand, however, the land within the wheat field must be kept under optimal conditions to ensure maximum growth. One of the major factors that must be controlled within the field is the soil pH, which contributes to the amount and type of nutrients that are available for the plant growth (Hart et al. 2013). Soil pH often decreases due to the application of nitrogen fertilizer and can be raised with the application of lime (CaCO3) (Hart et al., 2013). Conventional application of lime can be costly to the farmers that use them. This experiment sought to identify wheat lines within the Oregon State wheat breeding program germplasm that can tolerate the higher levels of aluminum that comes from acidic soil (Hart et al., 2013). To accomplish this, this experiment tested 80 lines of wheat bred for the Pacific Northwest by placing them in two trials with two reps each. One trial had a balanced field pH with an application of lime in the soil and the other was fertilized without a lime application. These lines were observed over the course of one season of growth during the spring and summer of 2022, during which time three sets of observations were taken to gauge the growth and overall health of the wheat during its trial. From this experiment it was found that 12 lines of experimental wheat contained a statistically significant level of tolerance to low pH to survive acidic soil. These lines consisted of the soft white elite cultivars and advanced breeding lines of LCS Shine, OR2180149, Bobtail, Rosalyn, OR2200129, OR2190027 CL+, OR5170018, OR2160243, OR2180380, UI-Magic, OR2170199, Appleby CL+, and OR2160687, which are some of the more advanced genotypes in the OSU soft white wheat gene pool. From this result, it can be concluded that several genotypes in Oregon State University’s germplasms can tolerate acidic soil to the point that they can grow through one season and survive to germination. This would make these breeding lines and cultivars ideal for farmers growing wheat in areas with acidic soil such as Pendleton in eastern Oregon. This experiment provides essential data needed for creating more ecological wheat farming practices that reduce the required chemicals used in wheat production while ensuring enough food is produced from the land allotted for farming.
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