Honors College Thesis
 

The Role of Arabidopsis RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Genes 3, 4 and 5 in Antiviral Defense

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  • RNA silencing plays a critical role in plant defense against viral infection. Plants use virusderived small interfering RNA to target and silence invading viruses. The antiviral silencing pathway can be broken down into three conceptual stages: initiation, amplification, and systemic movement. The molecular mechanisms of silencing initiation are not well understood, but may involve dicer-like endonucleases and/or Argonaute proteins in complex with small RNAs. Silencing amplification, on the other hand, is mediated by RNA-dependent RNA polymerases. In the model species Arabidopsis thaliana, there are six known RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDR) genes. Three of these genes (RDR1, RDR2 and RDR6) have been biologically characterized, and found to be active during the antiviral response. However, no function has been assigned to RDR3, RDR4 or RDR5. In this study, we sought to investigate whether RDR3, RDR4 or RDR5 genes participated in antiviral defense using A. thaliana and Turnip mosaic virus. Results obtained from single and quadruple mutant lines indicate that RDR3, RDR4 and RDR5 do not function in the main antiviral defense pathway in A. thaliana. Instead, the activity, if any, would be secondary to the pathways mediated by RDR1 and RDR6, and likely redundant between RDR3, RDR4 and RDR5.
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  • HHMI Summer Undergraduate Research Program
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