# Data from: Methodology for comparing wood adhesive bond load transfer using
digital volume correlation


## Funding
This material is based upon work that is supported by the National Institute of
Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under award number
OREZ-WSE-589-U, and McIntire Stennis project OREZ-WSE-853-U. This research used
resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by
Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.


## Authors
Daniel J. Ching \ORCID{0000-0003-3992-190X}
Paige E. McKinley \ORCID{0000-0002-3677-2745}
Frederick A. Kamke \ORCID{0000-0003-4389-3980}
Michaela Zauner \Scopus{55837892000}
Xianghui Xiao \ORCID{0000-0002-7142-3452}


## General Description
There is a lack of fundamental knowledge about the role which adhesive flow and
infiltration plays in the micro-mechanical performance of wood adhesive bonds.
This data set, for the first time, provides a way to study directly the
relationship between adhesive flow and the micro-mechanics of wood adhesive
bonds.

Specimens of three species: loblolly pine (*Pinus taeda*), Douglas-fir
(*Pseudotsuga menziesii*), and hybrid poplar
(*Populus deltoides x Populus trichocarpa*); and bondlines of three types:
earlywood-earlywood, earlywood-latewood, and latewood-latewood were bonded. An
iodinated phenol formaldehyde adhesive was formulated to provide x-ray
attenuation contrast between the wood cell material and the adhesive.

The specimens were cut into single lap-shear specimens with an approximate 2 mm
x 2 mm cross-section and 5 mm overlap. These specimens were then mechanically
loaded and scanned in a step-loading procedure at the 2-BM beamline at the
Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory.

For a more detailed description of the procedures used to generate this data.
Consult “Methodology for comparing wood adhesive bond load transfer using
digital volume correlation”. A free version of this manuscript will always be
available in the dissertation of Daniel J. Ching through the Scholars Archive
at Oregon State University.


## About the Files
File 1. `SpecimenIndex.csv`: Contains a table of all the specimens included in
this dataset with the corresponding scans (project numbers) that belong to each
specimen, loads recorded at each scan, the approximate rotation center for
reconstruction, and some notes from testing.

There are 6 variables in this file:

Variable 1. Sample Name: Each specimen is labeled using two letter codes for
bondline type: earlywood earlywood (EE), earlywood latewood (EL), and latewood
latewood (LL); species: southern yellow pine (SP), Douglas-fir (DF), and hybrid
poplar (HP); adhesive type: high molecular weight phenol-formaldehyde (PH), and
replication (A-Z or 1-9). The load displacement data for each specimen is
labeled in the same manner.

Variable 2. Project Number: These number indicate the order in which the scans
were completed.

Variable 3. Scans: The total number of scans for this specimen.

Variable 4. Load: The load at which the scan was completed in Newtons.

Variable 5. Rotation center: The approximate location of the rotation center
for tomographic reconstruction in pixels.

Variable 6. Comments

?: Some values are unknown; they are indicated with a ?.

File 2. `Tomography`: Contains each of the raw tomography data from each scan
of the specimens is uploaded separately. Each file is named `proj_N.hdf`, where
`N` is the project number of the scan. Each has its own unique project number
which may be decoded by consulting `SpecimenIndex.csv`. The file type is the
hierarchical data format (`HDF5`), and each file is approximately 16.8 GB in
size. The attributes of these `HDF5` files are organized in the
[dxchange format](http://dxchange.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) for raw
tomographic data.

File 3. `LoadDisplacement`: All of the specimens load displacement data
together totals 7 MB. Each specimen has its own `AA-BB-CC-DD.csv` file, where
`AA-BB-CC-DD` is the sample name that uses the same two letter codes from
`SpecimenIndex.csv`. There are 3 variables in these files:

Variable 1. sec: The experiment progress time in seconds.

Variable 2. mm: The cross head displacement of the mechanical testing device
in millimeters.

Variable 3. N: The load applied by the mechanical testing device in Newtons.


## Purpose and Methods
### Intended Use and benefits
Using segmentation, digital image correlation, and the collected load
displacement data, the included data sets may be used to validate
micromechanical models of wood adhesive bonds loaded in shear. They may also
be used to model adhesive flow into the wood cellular structure. Although
there is no accompanying ground truth, they may also be used to test
reconstruction algorithms.


### Use Limitations
Some of the specimens are contaminated with two part epoxy from mounting the
specimens into the testing machine. Since the field of view is approximately
2 mm x 2 mm x 2 mm, the entire overlap of the specimen is not covered.


## Citing Articles
Data from: Ching, D. J., Kamke, F. A., & Bay B. K. (2018). Methodology for
comparing wood adhesive bond load transfer using digital volume correlation.
Wood Science and Technology, in review.

Data also from: Ching, D. J. (2018). Developing a Methodology to Study the
Effects of Adhesive Flow Penetration on Wood Adhesive Bond Performance by
using Micro X-ray Computed Tomography and Digital Volume Correlation (Doctoral
  dissertation). Retrieved from ScholarsArchive@OSU.

Specimens from this dataset also used in: McKinley, P., Kamke, F. A.,
Sinha, A., De Andrade, V., & Jakes, J. E. (2018). Analysis of Adhesive
Penetration into Wood using Nano-X-ray Computed Tomography. Wood and Fiber
Science, 50(1), 66-76. https://wfs.swst.org/index.php/wfs/article/view/2632

Data from: McKinley, P. E., Ching, D. J., Kamke, F. A., Zauner, M., & Xiao, X.
(2016). Micro X-Ray computed tomography of adhesive bonds in wood. Wood and
Fiber Science, 48, 2-16. https://wfs.swst.org/index.php/wfs/article/view/2291

Data collection proposed by: Kamke, F. A., Nairn, J. A., Muszynski, L.,
Paris, J. L., Schwarzkopf, M., & Xiao, X. (2014). Methodology for
Micromechanical Analysis of Wood Adhesive Bonds Using X-ray Computed
Tomography and Numerical Modeling. Wood and Fiber Science, 46(1), 15-28.
https://wfs.swst.org/index.php/wfs/article/view/2087


## Keywords
digital image correlation
adhesive bonds
wood composite
mechanical modeling
x-ray computed tomography
Pinus taeda
Pseudotsuga menziesii
Populus deltoides x Populus trichocarpa
phenol formaldehyde