Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Two-stage high-yield sulfite pulping of red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.)

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  • Two-stage sulfite pulping conditions were determined which produced a high-yield high-hemicellulose pulp from red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.). Those cooks with a bisulfite first-stage and an alkaline second-stage produced pulps with the highest hemicellulose content and the highest strength properties. The major hemicellulose in red alder is 0-acetyl-(4-0- methylglucurono)xylan. Removal of the acetyl groups, oxidation of the reducing end group by bisulfite ion, and retaining the uronic acid groups are the reasons for the high hemicellulose content of the pulp. The hydrolyzates from the pulp xylans contain the same lactonizable products as the xylan hydrolyzates from the chlorine-ethanol- amine and chlorous acid holocelluloses which had been extracted with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Xylonolactone was indicated in the lactonizable fraction of the xylan hydrolyzates. It has been shown that the end groups were protected to some extent by oxidation during the pulping reaction.
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