Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Cellulose nanocrystals filled carboxymethyl cellulose composites

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  • Hydrogel polymers are a novel class of hydrophilic materials that have large application areas in both the industrial and medical fields. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) has received attention as a hydrogel polymer. Methods to modify the mechanical properties of gels and films made from CMC are of interest in our lab and in the commercial marketplace. Also, nanophase materials have attracted great interest in recent years and have the potential to provide novel properties to hydrogels. This project investigated cellulose nanocrystals (NCCs) as a filler in CMC and compared the effects to microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). The composite material was composed of CMC, MCC or NCC, with glycerin as a plasticizer. NCC and MCC concentration ranged from 5% to 30%. Glycerin concentrations were kept constant at 10%. NCCs improved the strength and stiffness of the resulting composite compared to MCC. Thermal degradation was also investigated using thermo gravimetric analysis and NCC was found to affect the degradation behavior. In addition, thermal crosslinking between CMC and NCC was studied. In these experiments, NCC concentrations were kept constant at 5% and thermal crosslinking was conducted at various temperatures ranging from 80°C to 120°C. Material properties and water resistance were measured. Crosslinking improved the strength and stiffness of the composite and also significantly improved the water resistance.
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