Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation

 

Isozyme variation and inheritance in hazelnut Public Deposited

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/t435gg789

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  • Inheritance of eight enzyme systems, alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), aspartate aminotransferase (AAT), aconitase (ACON), glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), and shikimate dehydrogenase (SDH) was studied in hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) by either polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) or starch gel electrophoresis. Three isozymes were detected for AAP and all were polymorphic, monomeric, and controlled by three, two, and five alleles, respectively. One zone of activity was observed for AAT and it was polymorphic; segregation data indicated that the active form of the enzyme is a dimer and is controlled by a single locus with two alleles. Two isozymes were identified for ACON. Both were polymorphic, monomeric, and controlled by two loci with three alleles each. Two variable and one monomorphic regions of activity were observed for GPI; Gpi-2 behaved as a dimer and was controlled by a single locus with two alleles; Gpi-3 was also controlled by a single locus with two alleles but was active as a monomer. Three MDH isozymes were identified and one zone was polymorphic; Mdh-1 was active as a dimer and was controlled by a single locus with two alleles, although a deficiency of aa phenotypes was detected. Two zones of activity were observed for 6-PGD, one of which was polymorphic, active as a dimer, and controlled by a single locus with three alleles. Two zones of activity were identified for PGM; both were polymorphic, monomeric, and controlled by two separate loci with three and four alleles, respectively. Two isozymes were observed for SDH, one of which was polymorphic, monomeric, and controlled by a single locus with four alleles. Rare alleles were detected at Aat, Aco-1, Gpi-2, Mdh-1, and Sdh-2. Of the 17 isozyme loci studied, 13 were polymorphic. The most useful enzyme systems for hazelnut cultivar identification were AAP, PGM, ACON, and GPI. 54 of 56 cultivars studied could be distinguished by a combination of the isozymes examined. Thus, isozyme analysis is a very powerful tool for identifying hazelnut cultivars. 'Tombul' and 'Extra Ghiaghli' appear to be the same cultivar based on both isozyme analysis and morphological characteristics. Three linkage groups were detected. 6-Pgd-2 was tightly linked to the leaf anthocyanin gene (0+.0.06) in three crosses. Gpi-2 and Mdh-1 were linked with a recombination frequency of 6.86±2.55 in two progenies. A loose linkage was found among Aco-1, Pgm-2, and Pgm-1.
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