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Near collapse of the meridional SST gradient in the eastern equatorial Pacific during Heinrich Stadial 1

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  • Sea surface temperatures (SST) and inorganic continental input over the last 25,000 years (25 ka) are reconstructed in the far eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP) based on three cores stretching from the equatorial front (~0.01°N, ME0005-24JC) into the cold tongue region (~3.6°S; TR163-31P and V19-30). We revisit previously published alkenone-derived SST records for these sites and present a revised chronology for V19-30. Inorganic continental input is quantified at all three sites based on ²³⁰Th-normalized fluxes of the long-lived continental isotope thorium-232 and interpreted to be largely dust. Our data show a very weak meridional (cross-equatorial) SST gradient during Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1, 18–15 ka B.P.) and high dust input along with peak export production at and north of the equator. These findings are corroborated by an Earth system model experiment for HS1 that simulates intensified northeasterly trade winds in the EEP, stronger equatorial upwelling, and surface cooling. Furthermore, the related southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) during HS1 is also indicative of drier conditions in the typical source regions for dust.
  • Keywords: Heinrich Stadial 1, Meridional SST gradient, Eastern equatorial Pacific
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  • Kienast, S. S., T. Friedrich, N. Dubois, P. S. Hill, A. Timmermann, A. C. Mix, and M. Kienast (2013), Near collapse of the meridional SST gradient in the eastern equatorial Pacific during Heinrich Stadial 1, Paleoceanography, 28, 663–674. doi:10.1002/2013PA002499
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  • 28
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  • 4
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  • Core material was provided by the Core Repositoriesof Oregon State University (supported by NSF grant OCE97-12024) andRhode Island (supported by NSF grant OCE-9102410). This work wassupported by grants from the Canadian Foundation for Climate and AtmosphericSciences (CFCAS), the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR),the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC), Canadaand the National Science Foundation (NSF), USA. A. Timmermann andT. Friedrich were supported by NSF grant 1010869. This is IPRC publication1002 and SOEST publication 8980.
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