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Nitrification Responses of Soil Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea and Bacteria to Ammonium Concentrations

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/v692tb914

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  • Although ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) coexist in most non-acidic agricultural soils, the factors that influence their relative contributions to soil nitrification activity remain unclear. A 2- to 4-d whole soil microcosm assay was developed, utilizing the aliphatic C₈ alkyne 1-octyne to inactivate AOB-driven nitrification activity without impacting AOA nitrification activity. Responses of AOA- and AOB-supported net nitrification activities (accumulation of NO₂⁻ + NO₃⁻) to different concentrations of extractable NH₄⁺ were examined in four diverse, paired cropped and non-cropped Oregon soils sampled in summer and winter. Maximum AOA-supported net nitrification rates were significantly higher in non-cropped (3.7 mg N kg⁻¹ soil d⁻¹) than in cropped soils (0.9 mg N kg⁻¹ soil d⁻¹) and in summer (3.1 mg N kg⁻¹ soil d⁻¹) compared with winter soils (1.6 mg N kg⁻¹ soil d⁻¹). The NH₄⁺ concentration required to significantly stimulate AOB nitrification activity was significantly higher in cropped soils (67 mg N kg⁻¹ soil) than in non-cropped soils (12 mg N kg⁻¹ soil). Maximum AOB activity was significantly higher in cropped (8.6 mg N kg⁻¹ soil d⁻¹) than in non-cropped soils (2.9 mg N kg⁻¹ soil d⁻¹) and in summer (7.8 mg N kg⁻¹ soil d⁻¹) compared with winter soils (3.8 mg N kg⁻¹ soil d⁻¹). This study revealed that AOA- and AOB-supported nitrification rates in cropped and non-cropped soils respond differently to season and NH₄⁺ concentration and raises the possibility that AOA and AOB nitrification activities might be differentially managed to improve N use efficiency.
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  • Giguere, A. T., Taylor, A. E., Myrold, D. D., & Bottomley, P. J. (2015). Nitrification Responses of Soil Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea and Bacteria to Ammonium Concentrations. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 79(5), 1366-1374. doi:10.2136/sssaj2015.03.0107
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  • 79
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  • 5
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  • This research was supported by USDA NIFA Award no. 2012-67019-3028, the Oregon Agricultural Research Foundation, and the Oregon State University Provost Distinguished Graduate Fellowship.
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