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New frontiers in agroforestry : consequences of pattern in tree and forage systems

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  • In Foothills for Food and Forests, the International Hill Land Symposium, held at Oregon State University in April 1983.
  • The long history of intermixing trees and forage has been dominat­ed by trial and error management. The assumption has been that the production of either was more efficient than joint production. Now that dynamic programming procedures have demonstrated that wood production and grazing sometimes can be attractive alternatives to the production of either trees or forage alone, a more formal design process is needed. Better biological models of forage and fiber production systems will allow more general application of dynamic programming, and will identify variables most sensitive to management. Major inputs to such models are: 1) site characteristics, 2) species (and variants within species) mixtures, 3) plant density and its spatial and temporal patterns, 4) other plant community management inputs such as soil amendment, clipping and pruning, and 5) animal stocking including density, species and management. The major objectives achieved with joint production systems are: 1) wood and forage production, 2) shelter for animal survival and gain, and 3) soil maintenance and improvement. The most easily manipulated and most production-sensitive input is plant density as it changes over the landscape and over time. Some spatial and temporal patterns are superior to others in respect to each stated objective, but none is biologically optimum for all. Preliminary data and theoretical analysis indicate that clumped tree patterns are superior to square tree patterns for forage produc­tion because a fixed number of crop trees can be produced on a smaller Percentage of the area.
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  • Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
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  • Hannaway, David B.
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  • 9780917304002

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