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Milkfish (Chanos chanos) Fry Production in Gerokgak District, North of Bali Indonesia: A Geography-Economic Aspect

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  • Fry production of milkfish (Chanos chanos), which is called “Milkfish Backyard Hatchery” or MBH in Gerokgak District, North of Bali had been famous since 1995. The coastal area of the district is the largest place for backyard hatcheries. The research was conducted in Gerokgak District in the year of 2004. A ”Purposive Sampling” Technique was used to collect the samples, which is combined among perception technique, document analysis, and interview. The primary data was obtained from the interview with the farmers of Incomplete Hatcheries (IH) as the respondents, covered the number milkfish (Chanos chanos) larvae tanks (unit), total fry production, and the fry price. The references study and observation results were conducted and used as secondary data. The objectives of this research was to describe a geography-economic aspect of MBH in Gerokgak District covered the geographic condition of Gerokgak District, which was used for backyard hatcheries (coastal area), the production process, the contribution of MBH to the development of Buleleng Regency, the issues which were faced by the farmers and also the development strategy from the government. The data and document analysis presented qualitatively descriptive. MBH is an economic effort which is combined between nature power in a geographic area and production factor to get fry with a proper number. Gerokgak District, the central place of MBH in Bali Island has 12 coastal villages which border directly with Sea of Bali. It made those coastal areas is suitable for MBH location. It has dry climate type, with the average of rainfall in the driest month < 3.94– r/25; whereas r is the average of annual rainfall month (in inch). The milkfish fry production during 1994 – 1999 was very profitable effort, with the price of each fry was Rp. 40.00- Rp. 90.00. However, since the year of 2000, it has been declining year by year. Later on, in the year of 2004, the fry price range was only between Rp. 3.00-10.00. The main issues were: there was no fry price controlling association, and the market was monopolized by the whole seller assembler to East Java. Many advantages from the backyard hatcheries, i.e.: coastal area development, aquaculture technique development, fry supplying, increasing income for fishermen and farmers, an alternative job for fishermen, create new business (fish culture tools, fish feed supplier, fish transportation, and workshops) and increasing the number of investors (foreign and domestic). Although the farmers of MBH encountered fry price fluctuation, the number of IH units and fry production has been increasing year by year. There were approximately 2700 IH units with total fry production was 2,423,882,468 fries in Gerokgak District in the year of 2004. It showed that the MBH is an enthusiastic effort for the coastal community of Gerokgak District. Thereby, the government should pay more attention to over come the marketing and make a development strategy. Learning from the milkfish (Chanos chanos) fry price deterioration, the marketing of fish fries needed to be arranged. Involving the producer and fish fries marketing perpetrators needed to identify the issues and publish the policy of “intelligential market" as a first strategy that should be done.
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  • Syahidah, Dewi, Agus Prijono, Tatam Sutarmat, Putu Sukayasa and I Km. Ejasta. 2006. Milkfish (Chanos chanos) Fry Production in Gerokgak District, North of Bali Indonesia: A Geography-Economic Aspect. In: Proceedings of the Thirteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, July 11-14, 2006, Portsmouth, UK: Rebuilding Fisheries in an Uncertain Environment. Compiled by Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, Corvallis, Oregon, USA, 2006. CD ROM. ISBN 0-9763432-3-1
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  • The National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration Marine Fisheries Service, United States Department of Commerce (NOAA Fisheries); United Kingdom Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA); The United States Agency for International Development supported Aquaculture Collaborative Research and Support Program (ACRSP).
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