Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Consequences of Influenza A Virus on Pneumococcal Biofilm Formation and Stability in the Absence of Host Factors

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/bn999g008

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  • Streptococcus pneumoniae and Influenza A Virus both primarily infect the upper respiratory tract, with more severe disease occurring during coinfection than would be caused by either pathogen independently. Until recently, characterization of the interactions between these two pathogens has occurred exclusively in the context of a host or using host-derived cells because it was expected that the two did not interact directly. Recent research has demonstrated direct interactions between S. pneumoniae and influenza A that improve bacterial adherence, in vivo fitness of S. pneumoniae, vaccine efficacy against both S. pneumoniae and influenza, and improved environmental stability of viral particles during viral transmission. As S. pneumoniae typically resides within the human nasopharynx as a biofilm, it is important to identify the direct role of Influenza A Virus on pneumococcal biofilms. For this reason, this project focused on quantifying the impact of influenza A viral presence on the formation and stability of pneumococcal biofilms grown without the confounding influence of host cells. To this end, two strains of S. pneumoniae: D39, and TIGR4, and isogenic mutants of each, were used for the development of biofilm assays. In TIGR4 the impact of virus was media dependent with a decrease in biofilm biomass and viability observed in one media and an increase in biofilm viability without a change in biomass observed in the other. In D39, increases in biomass were observed in the presence of virus regardless of media type, however in later stages of biofilm growth, viability was increased in one media type and decreased in the other. These results suggest that the presence of Influenza A Virus does significantly impact pneumococcal biofilm formation, but that there are both media and strain dependent differences in the response.
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  • 70 pages

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