Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

The development of an instrument for identifying competencies of nurse-supervisors in small general hospitals

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  • Purpose The primary purpose of this study was the development of an instrument for identifying competencies required by nurse-supervisors in small general hospitals. Secondary objectives of this study were: (1) to demonstrate the applicability of the instrument, and (2) to determine similarities and differences in the perceptions of hospital administrators, directors of nursing service, nurse-supervisors, and staff nurses relative to competencies required and demonstrated by nurse-supervisors. Procedure The instrument developed was a survey-type questionnaire consisting of a number of skills and competencies representing the function categories of nursing care, education-training, management coordination, and community service. In order to validate the content and categorical placement of the competency items included in the questionnaire, the instrument was submitted to a professional panel of nationally known experts for their consideration and reaction. The panel utilized a modified Delphi technique to confirm the content validity of the instrument. To further validate the questionnaire and test its reliability, it was administered to a randomly selected population of 145 personnel from twenty small general hospitals in Oregon. The two-way Analysis of Variance test was employed for the statistical inquiry of data. The testing included the analysis of two main effects (group and size) and two-factor subsidiary interaction effect (between group and size) for each of the 46 competencies or variables. The test statistic utilized to analyze contrasts among the mean scores for each variable was the "F" statistic with the .05 level of significance used to determine differences among groups and between hospital sizes. The Analysis of Variance technique was also employed to estimate the reliability of the instrument. Findings The findings of this study indicated the following: (1) the Delphi technique was useful in generating items that were relevant to the small hospital setting; (2) there were few significant differences among the perceptions of four hospital personnel groups relative to nurse-supervsior competencies required and demonstrated; (3) there occurred few significant differences among the perceptions of personnel in two hospital sizes (large and small), regarding competencies required and demonstrated; (4) administrators varied in their opinions more frequently than other groups in regard to competency requirements; and (5) there occurred few significant interaction effects between personnel groups and hospital sizes. Interaction occurring between items and respondents indicated high instrument reliability. Based on these findings, it was concluded that: 1) the instrument developed for this study, is a valid and reliable tool for identifying the competencies required by Nurse-supervisors in small general hospitals; and 2) hospital personnel from two sizes of small general hospitals hold similar views regarding the proficiency levels required and demonstrated by nurse-supervisors. Several tentative trends appeared, based upon descriptive data obtained from the application of the questionnaire. These were: (a) there appeared to be little difference between competencies required by nurse-supervisors, in general, and competencies required in the small general hospital; (b) nurse-supervisors in the sample population appeared to be performing at the required skill level for nearly one-half of the competencies listed in the instrument and slightly less than the required performance level for the balance of functions; and (c) competencies considered to be most essential for nurse-supervisors were in the areas of nursing care and management-coordination. The recommendations include suggestions for study to evaluate the effectiveness of education activities attended by many of the nurse-supervisors, and to assist hospitals in program planning, particularly in locating quality resources for use during program implementation. Implications include further study to determine methods and procedures for implementing the curriculum suggested in the findings.
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