Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Foliage applications of terbacil to peppermint (Mentha piperita) and several weed species

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  • Several studies were conducted to determine the feasibility of using terbacil (3-tert-butyl-5-chloro-6-methyluracil) postemergence to weeds and peppermint (Mentha piperita L.). Three nonionic surfactants, four nonphytotoxic oils, and a liquid fertilizer were each combined with 0.5 lb ai/A terbacil in 35 gallons of water per acre. Weed species tested include: redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.), common mustard (Brassica campestris L.), barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv.), and green foxtail (Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.). Broadleaf weeds were more susceptible to foliage applications of terbacil than grass species. However, excellent control of both broadleaf weeds and grasses was obtained when applications were made within seven days after weed seedling emergence. Less grass control always resulted when treatments were made two or three weeks after emergence. The addition of nonphytotoxic oils or surfactants to the spray solution was beneficial to terbacil activity at later stages of weed growth. Nonphytotoxic oils were usually more effective than surfactants. Solution 32, a liquid nitrogen solution, in combination with terbacil did not improve herbicidal activity. None of the terbacil treatments with or without spray solution additives, significantly reduced peppermint hay production. Bioassay of core samples to determine the amount of herbicide remaining in soil from preemergence and split applications of terbacil indicated that lower levels of herbicide remained in soils treated by split application. Foliage interception and subsequent rapid detoxification of terbacil by the peppermint plant may explain this observed decrease of herbicide in the soil.
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