Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Off-design analysis and control of a wood-fired combined-cycle power plant

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/qz20sw18n

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  • This report presents the off-design analysis of various wood-fired combined-cycle power plants using a computer model to simulate plant performance. The combined-cycle systems investigated are characterized by having a woodfueled combustor, an indirect-fired gas turbine, and a Rankine steam cycle. This work was conducted as part of a larger biomass energy project at Oregon State University. Three particular systems were studied in this report. First, system 5 utilizes a wet-cell combustor requiring little fuel preparation. Hot combustion gases leave the combustor and flow through a heat exchanger where steam produced in the heat recovery steam generator is superheated. The combustion gases then flow through a second heat exchanger heating pressurized air supplied by the compressor. The hot, compressed air stream is returned to the gas turbine driving the gas turbine-compressor set after which the turbine exhaust is used as combustion air. After leaving the heat exchangers, the combustion gases flow into the heat recovery steam generator where feedwater is converted to steam. Finally, the relatively cool combustion gases flow through air pollution devices before being discharged to the atmosphere. With system 2, the wet-cell combustor is replaced with a suspension burner requiring additional fuel preparation (fuel moisture content dried to 12 percent wet basis and a smaller particle size). A trimburner unit is implemented in system 7 raising the temperature of the air entering the gas turbine to 1612 F. Other than the previously noted exceptions, systems 2, 5 and 7 are identical in design except for changes in heat transfer area. To facilitate fuel drying, the gas temperature entering the dryer is increased by reducing the heat recovery steam generator size approximately 45 percent in system 2. The computer simulation consists of a main program and component models. The main program coordinates the transfer of information between component models and checks for convergence of the solution. Equations describing individual processes occurring in each component are evaluated in their respective model. Unknown variables require an initial guess when commencing program execution. Variables are continuously updated during each subsequent iteration until convergence is obtained. The computer simulation allowed various system component operating limitations to be analyzed over a range of anticipated off-design conditions. Based on monthly variations in fuel moisture content and ambient temperature, the power output and efficiency of each plant were simulated over an entire year. Recommendations for improved plant design are also discussed.
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