Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Sediment Deposition Characteristics in Shallow Saturation Excess Overland Flow with Application to Bioswales and Construction of a Novel Bioswale Design for Improved Contaminant Removal from Stormwater

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/zg64tt37v

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  • Over the last two decades, urban stormwater management has grown to include green infrastructure, such as bioswales. These systems were primarily designed to mitigate hydraulic peaking during rainstorms but were also found to remove particulate and dissolved contaminants. However, little is known about the fate of these particulate contaminants after depositing in bioswales. To better understand how the bed slope angle affects the deposition characteristics at a field scale, a two-foot-long flume was filled with soil from the OSU-Benton County Green Stormwater Infrastructure Research (OGSIR) facility. A fluorescent, paramagnetic sediment tracer was used to mimic silt sized particles carried by stormwater flows. A custom photographic hood with a specialized lens was used to image the flume surface after subsequent pulses of tracer slurry. The resulting images were analyzed to calculate the sediment trapping efficiency using the mean fluorescence intensity as a proxy for tracer mass. The sediment trapping efficiency estimates the amount of tracer that will be captured on the soil surface, thus removing particulate contaminants from the water. Samples of the flume effluent were collected for total suspended solids analysis to provide an approximate mass balance of deposited tracer with each slurry pulse. The bed slopes angles investigated were two, three, and four degrees. The experimental sediment trapping efficiencies were found to decrease with increasing bed slope angle, which indicates soils at greater bed slopes will be less capable of retaining particulate-associated contaminants. These results were also compared with two mathematical models from the literature. While previous studies have shown that bioswales are also able to remove dissolved contaminants, there is great interest in improving the removal efficiencies, especially for heavy metals. One approach is to add commercial sorbents, which can have higher trapping affinities for a variety of contaminants. To investigate the impact of adding sorbents, a new bioswale design was created to mimic a treatment train with a traditional bioswale followed by two sets of sorbents: biochar and RemBind®. This new design utilizes the pre-existing OGSIR infrastructure, and its performance will serve as a comparison to the other traditional bioswales at the facility. The design, construction, and future sampling efforts are discussed to showcase the potential treatment performance improvement using this new treatment train system.
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  • This project was funded by SERDP ER18-1230.
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