We call for the promotion of faculty innovation & entrepreneurship (I&E), across disciplines, and its recognition in promotion and tenure processes– thereby enabling universities to better serve as a talent and idea engine for the Nation’s innovation economy, and evolve and respond in a time of enhanced societal needs and...
Refractory inclusions from Kaba (CV3) chondrite were studied by
instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and electron probe
microanalysis (EPMA). The inclusions observed cover a wide range of
chemical patterns, mineral assemblages and textures, indicating the
complexity of early solar nebular conditions. The elemental
abundances normalized by Cl chondritic abundances vary...
Instrumental and radiochemical neutron activation analyses supported by electron microprobe mineral analyses (Paul Warren, University of New Mexico) and petrographic observations are presented for approximately forty individual clasts separated from the Kapoeta howardite. These clasts are classified into eucritic, cumulate-like, mafic (plagioclase ± olivine-bearing pyroxenites), pyroxenite, polymict and/or metal-rich and...
Major and minor minerals have been separated from
three L-6 chondritic meteorites (Alfianello, Colby (Wisconsin),
and Leedey). Olivine, hypersthene, diopside, feldspar,
troilite, chromite, phosphate minerals, and metallic
minerals were analyzed for major, minor and trace elements
using instrumental neutron activation analysis and radiochemical
neutron activation analysis techniques. Concentrations
df the...
Few discoveries of any importance have been the result of a moment's happy coincidence; rather have they been the fruit of many hours of tedious thought and experiment. This is especially true in the realm of organic chemistry. Here, where progress is made only by the most painstaking experimentation, extensive...
Studies were undertaken to determine the extent and rate of
binding of Hg-203 labeled phenylmercuric acetate and mercuric ace
tate in rat kidney and liver slices and their subcellular fractions
after 37°C incubation of the slices in Krebs-Ringer -phosphate solutions
containing the mercurials at 10⁻⁴ molar. A fast and parallel...
While the d⁰ transition-metal POMs of Group V (V⁵⁺, Nb⁵⁺, Ta⁵⁺) and Group VI (Mo⁶⁺, W⁶⁺) have been known for more than a century, the actinyl peroxide POMs, specifically those built of uranyl triperoxide or uranyl dihydroxidediperoxide polyhedra, were only realized within the last decade. While virtually every metal on...
A continuous amperometric monitor for aqueous sulfite solutions
has been developed employing the electro-oxidation of sulfur (IV)
in 0. 1 M sulfuric acid at a glassy carbon test electrode. The monitor
employs a hydrodynamic flow cell, in which the solution stream
enters the cell through an orifice impinging on the...
The primary focus of this work is on examining structure-property relationships of interest for high-power nonlinear optical and laser crystals. An intuitive and simply illustrated method for assessing the nonlinear optical potential of structurally characterized noncentrosymmetric materials is introduced. This method is applied to materials including common quartz and tourmaline...
The concentration of chlorophyll in natural bodies of water is
commonly determined as a means to rapidly estimate the phytoplankton
biomass. The literature gives numerous warnings, however, as to the
problems involved with accurately determining chlorophyll
concentrations. The author's work at Crater Lake, Oregon enticed him
to explore critically the...
An expedient approach to the synthesis of a wide range of highly programmable biaryl templates has been accomplished. Utilizing the Diels-Alder [4+2] cycloaddition, a wide range of tri- and tetra-ortho-substituted biaryls have been synthesized in only three to four steps from commercially available materials. We have successfully synthesized entire classes...
A mechanism for filiform corrosion of aluminum is proposed
based on experimental evidence and the known aqueous chemistry of
the trivalent aluminum ion. Experimental methods utilized include
autoradiographs with Cl³⁶; pH paper determination of the filiform
head pH; activator concentration and activation period as they affect
filiform growth.
The pH...
An apparatus and procedure are described for investigating
selective adsorption from a binary vapor mixture as a function of
pressure. The technique measures both total mass adsorption and
adsorbed-phase composition.
Development of the method is outlined. Possible sources of
error are analyzed and are found to be either nonexistent or...
In 1959 Kitagawa discovered and isolated the amino acid,
canavanine. Since its discovery much interest has been centered on
this amino acid because of its biological aspects; e.g. canavanine has
been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and
cancer cells.
The occurrence of canavanine is widespread in...
An automated instrument based on a single-board microcomputer
was developed for use in voltammetric analyses. Operator input of
numerous experiment parameters allows any type of voltammetric
analysis to be implemented and multiple scans to be run unattended.
A three operational amplifier potentiostat is used to control
the cell voltage and...
This report details preliminary studies towards the development of a microfluidic sensor that exploits ferromagnetic resonance, excited in magnetic bead labels, for signal transduction. The device consists of a microwave circuit in which a slotline and a coplanar waveguide are integrated with a biochemically activated sensor area. The magnetic beads...
An oscillating plasma glow discharge detector for gas
chromatography is used to obtain fingerprint information
about an analyte by combining both the average cell
current and oscillation frequency signals. Five homologs
each of the n-alkanes, 1-alkenes, 1-alkynes, 2-ketones and
aldehydes are studied. Although triplicate determinations
had some scatter due to...
A new general method is developed for the optimization of
HPLC ternary or pseudo-quaternary mobile phases which are
represented by the trilinear coordinate system. This method can
predict the global optimum of the mobile phase composition. The
global optimum composition along each edge of the triangle and
the corresponding selectivity...
An atmospheric pressure argon glow discharge is shown
to detect trace levels of carbohydrates in aqueous flowing
systems, using either of two glow discharge solution
interface configurations. The first configuration consists
of an oscillating glow discharge sustained between a flowing
aqueous cathode and platinum anode. Picomole and micromolar
mass and...
The preparation of holocellulose accurately and rapidly is very
important to study the nature and relationships of the carbohydrate
components and the substituent groups, acetyl, carboxyl, and methoxyl.
In as much as bromine was thought to be less destructive to
wood than chlorine, it was decided to attempt to isolate...
The use of an adjacency matrix to determine distant (not maximal or
minimal) subgroup and supergroup relationships between crystallographic spacegroup
types is described. Full lists of space-group types that are supergroups and
subgroups for every space-group type were compiled. A list of the space-group
types connected to each space-group type...
The development of microfluidic devices for heavy metal extraction is presented in this dissertation. Various research areas, covering subjects from photochromic compound syntheses to microchip fabrication techniques are explored to develop microfluidic devices capable of extracting heavy metal ions from drinking water. Through integration of the beneficial characteristics of both...
Part 1
The pyrolysis of cis-1-trimethylsiloxy-1-cyclopr opyl-3-cyclononene in the temperature range 285-350° is described. Instead
of siloxy-Cope rearrangement, undesired desiloxylation took place.
Part 2
Gas-phase pyrolytic rearrangement of 2-phenyl-1-trimethylsiloxy-1-vinylcyclononane was investigated in a static system
in the temperature range 213-330°. It was discovered that
three major products resulted: cis- and...
Aromatic heterocycles are core structural motifs in natural products, pharmaceuticals and biological polymers. Indoles, in particular, represent a significant subclass of aromatic heterocycles, both in terms of sheer numbers, but also in biological and pharmaceutical relevance. As such, new methodologies for the synthesis of indoles represent an important and continually...
A quadratic programming method was developed for the statistical
analysis of gas chromatographic data. The method was applied to
three types of flavor extracts, peppermint, hops and brewed tea. The
brewed tea data had to be abandoned because of the singularity of its
coveriance matrix. In all cases tried the...
The development and optimization of a fluorometric reaction
rate method for the determination of aluminum is described.
Modifications to existing instrumentation permit automatic
monitoring and reporting of measurement conditions. Automatic
correction of measured analytical signals is provided if monitored
parameters deviate from optimum values. A computer controlled
standard addition procedure...
We have investigated the gaseous structure of cyclohexane-
1,4-dione via electron diffraction. The large amplitude
motion, as suggested from spectroscopic, dipole moment
and earlier electron diffraction data was studied. The
structure was refined in two types of models: a single
"distorted boat" conformer, and a model comprised of a
superposition...
In Dual-ion Batteries, anions as charge carriers might be a potential technique of energy storage. While fluoride anion has been selected as a promising charge carrier for energy storage due to its high charge/mass ratio and small ionic radius, carbonate anion has never been reported as a charge carrier for...
The spectrophone method for the study of vibrational relaxation
has been claimed to possess a distinct advantage over the more commonly
used ultrasonic techniques in that it permits the relaxation of
the various infrared-active vibrational modes in a polyatomic molecule
to be studied separately. A discussion of the rate equations...
A method for the control of absolute stereochemistry in
morphine syntheses has been demonstrated by the resolution
and efficient racemization of the advanced morphine precursor , 9-methoxy-3-methyl-5,6-dihydro-3H-benzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-
7(7aH)-one, I. This was accomplished by the facile coversion of optically resolved I to its ring opened
form, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-10-methoxy-3-methyl-7-oxo[1]benzoxonino[
6,7-c]pyridinium tosylate, II, (Equation...
Reaction of 4, 6-dimethoxy-5-nitropyrimidine [I], with refluxing
pyridine, was discovered to yield the methylpyridinium salt of
1, 6-dihydr -4-hydroxy-1-methyl-5-nitro-6-oxopyrimidine [III]. Possible
use of I as a general N-methylating agent was explored. No
appreciable reaction occurred between I and refluxing excess n-butyl
alcohol. Similar reaction involving quinoline failed to yield an...
The reaction between 4- chloro- 6- methoxy- 5-nitropyrimidine
and methylamine was investigated. The reaction product was identified
as 4-methoxy-6-methylamino-5-nitropyrimidine from synthesis
of the product via 4-chloro-6-methylamino-5-nitropyrimidine.
The product was the result of displacement of chloro substituent with methylamine. The reaction occured under mild condition (e. g. 15-20
C. in dioxane)....
Although 4- and 5-diacetamidopyrimidines have been reported
in the literature within the past eleven years, it was not until 1965
that a 2-diacetamidopyrimidine was reported. The current investigation
was undertaken to determine whether other 2-diacetamidopyrimi-dines could be synthesized and what the effect of various nuclear substituents would be on the...
The emphasis of this work has been in two areas of optical materials - the
crystal-chemical development of new optical frequency converters and the synthesis
and study of new hosts for Cr³⁺ luminescence and lasing.
A simple method has been developed to identify promising frequency-doubling
materials containing triangular oxoanions by...
A double-beam photometer was designed and built employing photon counting to give a direct digital readout. It was evaluated as an analytical instrument with special emphasis on pulse recovery time, pulse interaction and instrument settings. An equation is developed to explain pulse interaction in event counting systems.
The simultaneous diffusion of Ca 2+ and Sr 2+ ions in purified
single crystals of KC1 and NaC1 was studied over the temperature
ranges from 451°C to 669°C in KC1 and from 448°C to 683°C in NaCl.
A radioactive tracer technique was used in two types of measurements:
diffusion from...
Previous investigations of the biosynthesis of sterols by the
arterial wall have shown that the intact aorta is capable of low level
incorporation of labeled precursor into a sterol digitonide. The biosynthesis
of sterols and related lipids by a cell-free preparation of
bovine aorta was investigated in the present study....
Nine Ca-Al-rich inclusions and one olivine inclusion
from Allende meteorite were studied for Ti, Al, Fe, Mg, Ca,
Na, Cl, K, Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn,Hf, W, Ir, Au, Ta,
and Re -via INAA (instrumental neutron activation analysis)
and REE, Ba, Sr via RNAA (radiochemical NAA). The inclusions...
The effect of the conjugation with cyclopropyl rings
on the activation parameters for the formation of
carbenes from the corresponding diazo compounds was
investigated using diisopropylcarbene (46), cyclopropyl-isopropylcarbene
(47), and dicyclopropylcarbene (48).
Each of these three carbenes was generated by the
thermolysis of the parent benzenesulfonylhydrazone
potassium salts using DMSO...