The ability of selected plant extracts from wood and foliage to inhibit mold regrowth on fungal colonized wood was evaluated on Douglas-fir sapwood. Most foliage extracts produced some inhibition of Graphium or Trichoderma species, but isolations of other fungi increased following treatment. Five out of eight wood extracts produced 50%...
The ability of natural and synthetic hinokitiol, as well as a water soluble derivative (hinokitiol sodium salt), to protect wood against fungal attack was examined. Synthetic and natural hinokitiol provided similar protection. All three materials exhibited similar antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger and Penicillium citrinum on yellow poplar wafers at...
Many forest products companies in the southeastern United States store large volumes of round-wood under wet storage. Log quality depends on maintaining a high and constant wood moisture content; however, limited knowledge exists regarding moisture variation within individual logs, and within wet decks as a whole, making it impossible to...
Bacillus subtilis and essential oils have been explored separately for their ability to limit colonization by wood stain and mold fungi, but neither approach has been completely effective. One alternative strategy would be to combine the bacterial biocontrol with one or more natural products extracts. In this report, the ability...
The U.S, Forest Service regularly removes tons of dead biomass from federal forestlands to control and prevent devastating wildfires. Every year thinning young trees and brush, as well as removing dead biomass from the forest floor generates large quantities of low-grade woody material for which there is little use. Currently...
The current spruce bark beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis Kirby) epidemic in interior Alaska is leaving large expanses of dead spruce with little spruce regeneration. Many of these areas are habitat for moose (Alces alces). To establish spruce regeneration and improve browse production for moose, paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh), willow (Salix...
Post-thinning natural regeneration in the Pacific Northwest of USA was evaluated 13 years after thinning
50-year-old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco var. menziesii) stands on a drier, interior
Coast Range site (McDonald) and 10 years after thinning 50- to 55-year-old Douglas-fir/western hemlock
(Tsuga heterophylla [Raf.] Sarg.) stands on a moister,...
Swiss needle cast, a foliar disease caused by the Ascomycete Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii (T. Rohde) Petr., continues to afflict Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) in north coastal Oregon. Permanent plots were installed in 1998 to assess growth impacts and monitor disease severity. Gross periodic annual increment was measured for three 2-year...
This study is the first in a series of studies to evaluate perceptions of USDA Forest Service law enforcement personnel of the roles, responsibilities, and issues entailed in their jobs. An email survey was administered to 404 law enforcement officers (LEOs) in national forests across the United States. In all,...
This study is the second in a series of studies to evaluate perceptions of USDA Forest Service law enforcement personnel of the roles, responsibilities, and issues entailed in their jobs. An e-mail survey was administered to the nine Forest Ser-vice special agents in charge (SACs) across the United States. All...
This is the synthesis of a series of studies to evaluate perceptions of U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service (USFS) law enforcement and investigations (LEI). Five groups were evaluated: four groups of employees from different positions within LEI, and a group of customers of LEI, the line officers of the...
This is the fifth in a series of studies to evaluate perceptions of the roles, responsibilities,
and issues entailed in the jobs of U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest
Service law enforcement and investigations (LEI) personnel. An e-mail survey
was administered to the 537 Forest Service forest supervisors and district rangers...
This is the fourth in a series of studies to evaluate perceptions of U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service law enforcement personnel of the roles, responsibilities, and issues related to their jobs. An e-mail survey was administered to the 89 Forest Service special agents, assistant special agents in charge, senior...
This is the third in a series of studies to evaluate perceptions of USDA Forest
Service law enforcement personnel of the roles, responsibilities, and issues entailed
in their jobs. An e-mail survey was administered to the 79 Forest Service patrol
captains and patrol commanders (PCs) across the United States. Seventy...
We analyzed 45 years of data collected from three ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex P. Lawson & C. Lawson) levels-of-growing-stock installations in Oregon (OR) and northern California (CA), USA, to determine the effect of stand density regimes on stand productivity and mortality. We found that periodic annual increment (PAI)...
The ultimate properties of a fibrous composite system depend highly on the transverse mechanical properties of the fibers. Here, we report the size dependency of transverse elastic modulus in cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). In addition, the mechanical properties of CNCs prepared from wood and cotton resources were investigated. Nanoindentation in an...
This paper provides a primer on research in the field of public involvement in natural resource decision making. Previous studies are synthesized and organized into three areas: (1 ) goals of public involvement, (2) principles related to implementing public involvement programs, and (3) evaluation of public involvement methods. A bibliography...
Recently released national forest plans and conservation plans for the protection of the northern spotted owl all call for a change in management direction on public forest lands in Oregon. The result will be a substantial reduction in public timber harvests in the state. This report summarizes how the conservation...
In September 1991, the Bureau of Land Management asked the Secretary of the Interior to convene the Endangered Species Committee. The Bureau wanted permission to proceed with 44 timber sales In Oregon that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service had ruled would jeopardize the continued existence of the northern spotted...
The effects of precommercial thinning on the understory vegetative cover of 16- to 18-year-old spruce–hemlock (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carrière – Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) stands were studied in seven replicate areas over seven growing seasons postthinning. Vegetative cover was analyzed at the class level, but species-specific effects were examined in...
When large carnivores are extirpated from ecosystems that evolved with apex predators, these systems can change at the herbivore and plant trophic levels. Such changes across trophic levels are called cascading effects and they are very important to conservation. Studies on the effects of reintroduced wolves in Yellowstone National Park...
Accurately simulating gross primary productivity (GPP) in terrestrial ecosystem models is critical because errors in simulated GPP propagate through the model to introduce additional errors in simulated biomass and other fluxes. We evaluated simulated, daily average GPP from 26 models against estimated GPP at 39 eddy covariance flux tower sites...