A case study of new particle formation in the region downwind of a mesoscale convective system stretching across much of the central United States is presented. Airborne measurements were made of condensation nuclei (CN), cloud particle surface area, water vapor, and other gases. CN concentrations were greatly enhanced above and...
Benthic foraminiferal δ¹³C data from site 502 in the Caribbean Sea (sill depth 1800 m) indicate that throughout the past 2.6 m.y., glacial δ¹³C values in the middepth Atlantic were higher during glaciations than interglaciations. This is interpreted as indicating a greater proportion of Upper North Atlantic Deep Water (UNADW)...
We use the position fixes and temperature readings from 56 Tristar-II mixed-layer drifters, in conjunction with advanced very high resolution radiometer images, to provide a description of the mesoscale variability of the flows associated with cold-water filaments in the California Current system off northern California in July 1988. We find...
Satellite-derived pigment concentrations from the west coast time series (WCTS) are averaged into monthly mean fields over the California Current system (CCS) for the period July 1979 to June 1986. Errors caused by the scattering algorithm used in the WCTS are reduced by an empirical correction function, although winter values...
The School of Oceanography, Oregon State University, initiated a study during the spring of 1984 to investigate the utilization of Netarts Bay by juvenile churn salmon. Specific objectives the first year were to determine: 1) the relative numbers of hatchery arid wild churn salmon, 2) the nursery areas utilized by...
Temperature, salinity, sigma-t and dissipation profiles from the Rapid Sampling Vertical Profiler for six transects as part of the Coastal Transition zone pilot experiment, June 1987.
CTD observations were made over the continental shelf and upper continental slope from the coast to approximately 60 km off central California between latitudes 34°N and 37.5°N. The measurements were made by Raytheon Service Company as part of the Central California Coastal Circulation Study sponsored by the Minerals Management Service....
Temperature observations are presented from 4 Aanderaa thermistor chains suspended from a free-floating surface buoy during October-November 1983 near 33.5° N, 126.5° W as part of the Mixed Layer Dynamics Experiment (MILDEX). Each chain contained 11 sensors; the upper two were 30 min length, the lower two were 100 m...
CTD observations were made in the Code region near Pt. Arena on the northern California coast at 39° N during 14-27 July 1982. The observations in the Code region included three repeated sections along the Central Line, two mesoscale surveys of the shelf/slope region, and an alongshore section over the...
PURPOSE: To determine physical, plankton and nutrient/chemical conditions over the continental margin for climate change studies in NE Pacific. In particular, to make CTD and CTD/rosette and net tow stations along the Newport Hydro line, to make continuous bio-acoustic observations between the 50-500m. isobath, and to make continuous observations of...
Observations of oppositely directed, monthly mean alongshore currents and wind stress over the continental margin off the Pacific coast of North America motivate the theoretical examination of mean flow generation by topographic lee-wave drag. We formulate a barotropic model for wind-forced shelf-slope flow over variable topography. Our central objective is...
A series of profiles of velocity microstructure along 152°E in the western North Pacific Ocean were collected in May–June 1982. Large, averaged turbulent dissipation rates, ϵ, found in the main thermocline (400 to 1000 m) were determined by a combination of large independent estimates of ϵ and a greater rate...
Appearing in this issue of the Journal of Physical Oceanography are three papers that present new observations of a distinct, narrow band, and diurnally varying signal in temperature records obtained in the low Richardson number shear flow above the core of the equatorial undercurrent. Moored data suggest that the intrinsic...
The generalized inverse is constructed for a nonlinear, single-layer quasigeostrophic model, together with initial conditions and a finite number of interior data. With the exception of doubly Periodic boundary condition all constraints are weak. The inverse minimizes a penalty functional that is quadratic in the errors in prior estimates of...
As part of a program to improve understanding of the dynamics of the complicated, vigorous eddy and jet flow fields recently observed over the continental shelf and slope, we investigate the potential of intermediate models for use in both process and data assimilation studies of these flows. Intermediate models incorporate...
Motivated by the general objective of pursuing oceanographic process and data assimilation studies of the complex, nonlinear eddy and jet current fields observed over the continental shelf and slope off the west coast of the United States, we investigate the use of intermediate models for that purpose. Intermediate models contain...
Broadband body waves recorded at 15 digital seismic stations worldwide are used to study the rupture process of the May 23, 1989 Macquarie Ridge earthquake. The centroidal solution (strike 211°, dip 86°, rake 180°, and depth of 10 km below the seafloor) indicates shallow rupture with pure right-lateral strike-slip motion...
Previous work has demonstrated selective feeding by bacterivorous protists on the of prey size. Other prey characteristics may also affect protist grazing rates. In this relative uptake rates of fluorescently labeled bacterial (FLB) cells made from starving bacteria (S-FLB), and of live-stained motile vs non-motile bacteria by marine We also...
An expression is derived for the rate at which the diffuse attenuation coefficient for vector irradiance approaches its asymptotic value in a homogeneous medium. The asymptotic approach rate is shown to be a function of boundary conditions at the surface and the asymptotic diffuse attenuation coefficient which is an inherent...
A form of the linear, inviscid shallow water wave equation which includes alongshore uniform, but cross-shore variable, longshore currents and bathymetry is presented. This formulation provides a continuum between gravity waves (either leaky or edge waves) on a longshore current, and the recently discovered shear waves. In this paper we...
Rockfishes, Sebastes spp.. were the most numerous and speciose fishes seen during 16 submersible dives from 64 to 305 m depth in the vicinity of Heceta Bank off the coast of Oregon. Dense schools of juvenile rockfishes and large yellowtail rockfish, S. flavidus, were observed only over rocky, high relief...
The following study was commissioned by the Oregon State University Extension Service, Oregon Sea Grant College, and the Oregon State Marine Board (OSMB) to address the public transient moorage needs of large craft cruising and sailing vessels on the Lower Columbia River. The study will focus on the Oregon side...
This report summarizes published and unpublished source material characterizing the Pacific weathervane scallop (Pecten [Patinopecten] caurinus) population and fishery in Alaska (1967-1981). The Gulf of Alaska environment, scallop exploratory research (1953-1979), and aspects of scallop life history are reviewed. A commercial fishery for scallops has existed in Alaska since 1967....
Transition metal and rare earth element (REE) data are presented
for various sedimentary materials from two Manganese Nodule
Program (MANOP) sites in the eastern tropical Pacific. These data
constrain the sources of elemental supply to the seafloor and the
processes that control ferromanganese nodule genesis. Investigation
of elemental partitioning between...
Juvenile coho salmon (101-400 mm) were sampled by
purse seine off the Pacific Coast from Waatch Point,
Washington to Four Mile Creek, Oregon, out to 30 mi
offshore, during the months of May, June, and September in
1982 and 1983. Sea surface temperature, surface salinity,
surface chlorophyll-a concentration, and Secchi...
A phytoplankton bloom dominated by the pennate diatom Nitzschia
curta (Van Heurck) Hasle was observed during January-February 1983 at
a receding ice-edge in the Western Ross Sea, Antarctica. The core of
the bloom was found between 100-150 Km from the ice-edge. Nitzschia
curta cell densities up to 22 x 10⁶...
Gray whales accomplish an annual migration which
spans as much as 50° of latitude in the northeast
Pacific Ocean. This migration links their summer high
latitude feeding grounds with winter calving and breeding
areas. The purpose of this study was to determine how
adult females apportion their stored lipid reserves...
Under light wind conditions, the alternation of daytime
heating and nighttime cooling creates a characteristic
response in the oceanic boundary layer known as the diurnal
cycle. The Mellor/Yamada Level II turbulence closure model is
used to analyze this response pattern.
The diurnal cycle has three phases. During morning and
early...
A long and gradual transition between the summer and winter
oceanic regimes was observed off Oregon during the autumn of 1980.
Hydrographic sections and a single current meter mooring between
August and December show the ocean possessed characteristics during
fall that have not been observed during other seasons: a slow...
A 5km swath-width SeaMARC I sidescan sonar survey, conducted over
the zone of overlap between the southern rift zone of Axial Volcano and the northern
tip of the Vance spreading segment on the Juan de Fuca Ridge (between 45°24'N
and 45°50'N latitude), was analyzed to locate the present position of...
Measurements of temperature and salinity in the upper 5 m of the ocean
along the equator showed cool fresh anomalies due to rain showers. The
measurements were made between 140 W and 110 W during April 1987, an
El Nino year. The eastern equatorial Pacific was characterized by weak winds...
Using a linear quasi-geostrophic model of large scale spiraling flow and vertical density gradient in the eastern North Pacific, we evaluate the complex dispersion relationships for quasi-geostrophic waves. Our calculations indicate that the geostrophic circulation of the eastern North Pacific can locally convert potential energy to mesoscale kinetic energy on...
Heavy mineral compositions of sands from Oregon beaches,
rivers and sea cliffs have been determined in order to examine the
causes of marked along-coast variations in the beach-sand
mineralogy. The study area extends southward from the Columbia
River to the Coquille River in southern Oregon. The heavy-mineral
compositions were determined...