Index Catalog // ScholarsArchive@OSU

The development and application of benthic classifications for coral reef ecosystems below 30 m depth using multibeam bathymetry : Tutuila, American Samoa

Creator:: Lundblad, Emily Ruth
Abstract:: Coral reef ecosystems are the most diverse on earth, and their subsistence is being threatened by natural and adverse anthropogenic patterns and processes. In an effort to understand and protect these marine environments, several programs have outlined strategies and initiatives. For example, the United States Coral Reef Task Force’s Mapping...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Reactive transport modeling in a discrete fracture : applications to the formation of sericitic hydrothermal alteration at Butte, Montana

Creator:: Geiger, Sebastian
Abstract:: A model for the spatial and temporal evolution of the gray sericitic (GS) and sericite with remnant biotite (SBr) hydrothermal alteration selvages within the Butte Quartz Monzonite (BQM) of the porphyry copper deposit at Butte, Montana, is presented. The model provides a mathematical description for the location and advance of...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

A hydrogeologic study and groundwater model of Parrett Mountain, Oregon

Creator:: Healy, Robert Peter
Abstract:: This thesis presents a hydrogeologic study of the Parrett Mountain Region, located approximately 20 miles south of Portland, Oregon. The aim of the study was to investigate the impacts of Columbia River Basalt on the regional groundwater system, to expand our understanding of flow through fractured basalt, to improve management...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Ice surface reconstruction and energy balance modeling of alpine glaciers

Creator:: Poellot, Colin Daniel
Abstract:: Glacial deposits on San Francisco Mountain, Arizona, were mapped in order to provide constraints on ice extents in separate valleys for late Pleistocene glacial events. Qualitative and semi-quantitative relative dating methods were employed in order to correlate moraines between drainages and to provide a basis for distinguishing between separate glacial...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Subglacial hydrology of the Lake Michigan Lobe, Laurentide Ice Sheet

Creator:: Breemer, Christopher W.
Abstract:: Fast ice flow and unstable ice sheet behavior were characteristic features of the Lake Michigan Lobe of the southern Laurentide Ice Sheet. Such behavior may result from some combination of subglacial-sediment deformation and decoupled sliding at the ice-bed interface. Both mechanisms depend on high water pressure relative to ice pressure....
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

The genesis of the San Vicente lead zinc rhythmite deposit, Peru : a petrologic, geochemical, and sulfur isotope study

Creator:: Schütfort, Erwin G.
Abstract:: The San Vicente zinc lead deposit is located in the Eastern Andes of Central Peru. The deposit is an epigenetic Mississippi Valley-type deposit based on stratigraphic, geologic, petrographic, and geochemical evidence. The dolomite host rocks of the Pucara Group are of Triassic-Jurassic age. The source of metals are red sandstones...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Alkaline and peraluminous intrusives in the Clarno Formation around Mitchell, Oregon : ramifications on magma genesis and subduction tectonics

Creator:: Appel, Michael
Abstract:: The Clarno Formation is a series of volcanic, volcaniclastic, and related intrusive rocks located in central Oregon. It is the westernmost extent of a broader Eocene magmatic belt that covers much the western United States. The magmatic belt stretches eastward from Oregon to western South Dakota, and from the Canadian...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

A trace element study of plagioclase and clinopyroxene phenocrysts in historical lavas from Mt. Etna, Sicily, by laser ablation ICP-MS

Creator:: Russo, Christopher J.
Abstract:: Understanding magmatic processes occurring at depth in magmatic systems is fundamental for a more complete understanding of the variations sampled in lavas erupted from these systems on the Earth's surface. This thesis presents the results of detailed trace element analyses of plagioclase and clinopyroxene phenocrysts measured by laser ablation-inductively coupled...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Volcanology and petrology of Volcán Miño, Andean Central Volcanic Zone

Creator:: McKee, Claire M.
Abstract:: Volcán Miño (21°11'S) is located on the westernmost periphery of a longlived complex of stratovolcarioes and domes called the Aucanquilcha Complex. The Aucanquilcha Complex ranges in age from 11 Ma to 1-lolocene and lies along the main N-S trending axis of Quaternary volcanoes in the Andean Central Volcanic Zone (CVZ)....
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

The Gorda Escarpment's rise and fall : synthesis of exploration seismology, sampling efforts, micropaleontology, and radiometric dating

Creator:: Potter, Susan M.
Abstract:: The Gorda Escarpment (40.4° N and from 126° W to 124.7° W) is a topographic high which is the eastern portion of the Mendocino Transform Fault. The Vizcaino Block is the anomalously shallow portion of the Pacific plate immediately south of the Gorda Escarpment. Sediments of the Vizcaino Block record...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Seismic sequence stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of southern hydrate ridge

Creator:: Chevallier, Johanna
Abstract:: A 3D seismic volume was acquired summer 2000 over the southern end of Hydrate Ridge (FIR), an anomalously shallow ridge 100 km offshore Newport, Oregon. The survey followed a succession of scientific expeditions aimed at studying the gas hydrates present in the shallow subsurface that gave the name to the...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Partial melting of tonalite at the margins of a Columbia River Basalt Group dike, Wallowa Mountains, northeastern Oregon

Creator:: Petcovic, Heather L.
Abstract:: Columbia River Basalt Group dikes cut the tonalite-granodiorite Wallowa Batholith in northeastern Oregon, providing a natural setting in which to examine partial melting. Many dikes have up to 5 m-wide zones of quenched partially melted wallrock at their margins. This paper examines the progressive partial melting reactions in biotite-and hornblende-bearing...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Relationships between landscape stability, clay mineralogy, and stream turbidity in the South Santiam watershed, Western Cascades, Oregon

Creator:: Pearch, John M.
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Quantification of the nitrate attenuation capacity of low-permeability Missoula Flood deposits in the Willamette Valley of Oregon

Creator:: Arighi, Louis M.
Abstract:: Low-permeability geologic units may offer significant chemical and hydraulic protection of adjacent aquifers, and are important for managing groundwater quality, especially in areas with significant non-point source contamination. Nitrate in the Willamette Valley is attenuated across the Willamette Silt, a semi-confining unit overlying a regionally important aquifer. To quantify the...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Dynamics of a long-lived magmatic system as indicated by variations in amphibole composition and textures in dacites erupted over 11 M.y. at the Aucanquilcha Volcanic Cluster, Central Andes, Chile

Creator:: Giles, Denise E. L.
Abstract:: The Aucanquilcha Volcanic Cluster (AVC) is the erupted part of a magmatic system with a complex and long-lived history. The AVC lies at 21°S in the high Andes and is built on thick continental crust. The thick crust in the area combined with the prolonged magmatic activity make it an...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Development of continental magmatic systems : insights from amphibole chemistry of the Altiplano Puna Volcanic Complex, Central Andes

Creator:: Abot, Manggon
Abstract:: The pressure history of a continental magmatic system can be deciphered by analyzing the composition of amphiboles in the eruptive products where the pressure of equilibration correlates with the depth of the magmatic system. This can reveal vertical evolution of the magma as amphibole composition varies significantly with temperature and...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Volcanism and faulting along the northern margin of Oregon’s High Lava Plains : Hampton Butte to Dry Mountain

Creator:: Iademarco, Michael J.
Abstract:: Oregon’s High Lava Plains Province (HLP) has strongly bimodal basalt and rhyolitic volcanism. The Province caps the northern margin of the Basin and Range Province and serves as a transitional region between westward extension of the Basin and Range Province and unextended crust to the north . The High Lava...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Understanding the impact of climate change on snowpack extent and measurement in the Columbia River Basin and nested sub basins

Creator:: Brown, Aimee Lyn
Abstract:: Shifting climate patterns in the Columbia River basin are affecting snow pack, and, as a result, stream flow throughout the region. In the Oregon Cascades, ever growing populations, and their associated activities, place increasing stress on an already over allocated hydrologic system. Political pressures, including the possibility of renegotiation or...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Meteorological conditions associated with rain-related periglacial debris flows on Mount Hood, Oregon and Mount Rainier, Washington

Creator:: Parker, Lauren E.
Abstract:: In November of 2006 an intense rainstorm of tropical origin, known colloquially as the "Pineapple Express," inundated the Pacific Northwest region of the United States, initiating numerous periglacial debris flows on several of the stratovolcanoes in the Cascade Range of Oregon and Washington. These debris flows rapidly aggrade channels, deposit...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Using reanalysis data to characterize Arctic and Sub-Arctic glaciers

Creator:: Ourada, Quin
Abstract:: The net mass balance fluctuations of Arctic and Sub-Arctic glaciers, north of 47.5° North latitude, are described over a 45-year period from 1957 to 2002 using two parameters derived from a gridded climatology reanalysis. Variability among 185 measured glaciers was represented according to two main components. The first component represents...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Snow Peak, OR: late Miocene to early Pliocene volcanism in the central Cascadia forearc

Creator:: Hatfield, Ashley K.
Abstract:: Snow Peak is a voluminous shield volcano located ~50 km west of the axis of the modern Cascade arc. A previously published K-Ar age estimate indicates that the Snow Peak lavas are ~3 Ma. Subsequently, the preliminary research framework for studying the Snow Peak lavas focused on constraining the petrogenesis...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Measurement, modeling, and remote sensing of snow cover in areas of heterogeneous vegetation

Creator:: Selkowitz, David
Abstract:: Numerous studies have demonstrated that vegetation canopies affect snow accumulation and ablation processes. In addition, estimates of remotely sensed snow covered area can be biased by the presence of an overlying vegetation canopy. Consequently, any attempts to measure, model, or map the distribution of snow in a region with heterogeneous...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Characterizing patterns of wetland occurrence in Oregon using an interactive geodatabase : a method for conservation planning

Creator:: Larsen, Jennifer (Jennifer Elizabeth)
Abstract:: Several state and federal agencies have identified Oregon's coastal wetlands as priority areas for conservation, and in some cases have specifically singled out nontidal (mostly palustrine) wetlands as a major concern. Recent research has highlighted the need to study and manage wetlands from a regional perspective that considers the distribution...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Selecting locations for marine harvest refugia : a GIS study using logbook data from the Oregon trawl fishery

Creator:: Macomber, Marcia Fraser
Abstract:: This study examined the logbook record of the Oregon trawl fishery using a geographic information system (GIS) to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of English sole, Pleuronectes vetulus. The original logbook data for the years 1981,1982,1994,1995,1996 were filtered twice to provide both a general description of trends in the...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Forest harvest patterns on private land in western Oregon from 1972 to 2002

Creator:: VanNatta, Lisa R.
Abstract:: This project examined the harvest patterns found on private forestland in western Oregon (46000 1cm2) between 1972 and 2002. The research addressed hypotheses concerning the behaviors of different classes of owners as defined by total amount of forestland owned. Existing forest stand disturbance data and ownership data were combined using...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Multi-spatial scale representation of landscape transitions using landsat thematic mapper data and scale-space filters

Creator:: Lindeman, Dale R.
Abstract:: This thesis considered current approaches to describing landscape pattern, identified scale issues associated with defining objects, and explored techniques to reliably group elements based on land cover as represented by satellite imagery. It was recognized that there is an important need to develop tools that can be applied using remotely...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Patterns of chronic wind mortality in a small, old-growth Pseudotsuga menziesii forest in the western Cascades, Oregon

Creator:: Littlefield, Sam, 1980-
Abstract:: Windthrow has been studied extensively as a cause of mortality and as a landscape disturbance agent in temperate forests throughout the United States. The effects of windthrow mortality on stand species composition and structure, forest regeneration and seral development have been well described at the site (e.g. single gap) and...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Riparian cover changes associated with flow regulation and bank stabilization along the Upper Willamette River in Oregon between 1939 and 1996

Creator:: Gutowsky, Sharon L.
Abstract:: This study investigates riparian cover change between 1939 and 1996 utilizing aerial photography, bank conditions and stream gauge data. Three sites under 1.0 km2, along a 10- km reach north of Harrisburg, Oregon, were evaluated. The cover classification scheme included 18 classes composed of 3 canopy densities and 8 structural...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Mapping the thermal climate of the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon

Creator:: Smith, Jonathan W.
Abstract:: The H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest in the Cascades of central Oregon provides a unique opportunity to study spatial climate patterns on a relatively small scale. Historical records at the 64 square-kilometer site provide a spatiallydense 30-year dataset. Thermal regimes at the H. J. Andrews are generally known but the...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Geology of the Cerro Negro Norte Fe-Oxide (Cu-Au) District, Coastal Cordillera, northern Chile

Creator:: Raab, Alexander K.
Abstract:: The intrusion-related Cerro Negro Norte Fe-oxide (Cu-Au) deposit is hosted in andesites and diorites of the early to middle Cretaceous Coastal Cordilleran arc of northern Chile. Tabular and irregularly shaped magnetite orebodies are localized on splays and fractures of the regional NINE striking Atacama Fault Zone. Production from this district...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Exotic plant invasion from roads to stream networks in steep forested landscapes of western Oregon

Creator:: Watterson, Nicholas
Abstract:: This project explores mechanisms governing the invasion of fluvial systems by two contrasting exotic species in stream networks of steep, relatively remote forested landscapes of western Oregon. This research addresses hypotheses relating limitations of seed source locations, seed transport processes, and sink availability to the distributions of scotch broom (Cytisus...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Historical alterations to the Columbia River Gorge as a result of transportation infrastructure, 1850-1900

Creator:: Daniel, Isaac B.
Abstract:: Featuring high waterfalls and forested cliffs, and displaying a remarkable transition between the Pacific and Interior west, the Columbia River Gorge reveals the grandeur of western landscapes. Yet the landscape that one sees today is an amalgamation of the Gorge's natural setting and its unique human history. Historical research on...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

The termination of the Basin and Range Province into a clockwise rotating region of transtension and volcanism, central Oregon

Creator:: Trench, David
Abstract:: Normal faults characterizing extensional provinces may terminate along-strike at regions of zero extension, at zones of transform faults, or at triple junctions. Termination of the Basin and Range extensional province in southeastern Oregon is thought to occur by right-lateral transform motion distributed across the Brothers Fault zone (BFZ) in central...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Spatial and temporal patterns of "super-old" Douglas-fir trees of the central western Cascades, Oregon

Creator:: Giglia, Sheryl K.
Abstract:: Old-growth in the Pacific Northwest is generally defined as trees that are more than 200 years old. A great deal of analysis and discussion about old-growth forests in western Oregon, however, has focused on the relatively widespread 400 to 500 year age class of primarily Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) trees. The...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

A study of in stream complexity in three Oregon Coast Range watersheds

Creator:: Anderson, Paul Khalil
Abstract:: This study investigates patterns of physical structure organization in stream networks. In particular, it seeks to describe patterns of wood, boulders, pools and slope that are evident in stream channels and to determine whether patterns of these elements are influenced by network-level controls. The four in-stream parameters were combined to...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Detecting changes in a wetland : using multi-spectral and temporal Landsat in the Upper Noun Valley Drainage Basin-Cameroon

Creator:: Ndzeidze, Stephen Koghan
Abstract:: Since the early 1980s, satellite imagery has been commonly used to detect change in wetlands. The overall objective of this study is to utilize remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology to determine the extent of change of the wetland area and of other land use and land cover...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Sequence stratigraphy and lithofacies of the middle Eocene upper McIntosh and Cowlitz Formations, geology of the Grays River Volcanics, Castle Rock - Germany Creek area, southwest Washington

Creator:: Kleibacker, Derik W.
Abstract:: A composite 732-rn thick section in Germany Creek of middle Eocene upper McIntosh and lower Cowlitz Formations, as well as the lower Grays River Volcanics, was studied using bio-, magneto- and lithostratigraphy to construct a sequence stratigraphic framework and assess hydrocarbon exploration potential. The upper McIntosh Formation forms a complete...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Land trusts in the New West : conserving and responding to local geographies?

Creator:: Loynes, Kathryn
Abstract:: This research focuses on the relationship between the emerging role of land trusts and rapid growth and change in the West. Teton County, Idaho, Teton County, Wyoming, and Sublette County, Wyoming, and each of their associated land trusts, are used as case studies. Each county has experienced varying levels of...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Geology and structural history of the Butte district, Montana

Creator:: Houston, Robert Andrew
Abstract:: Ore deposits of the Butte district formed at ca. 66 to 62 Ma within a host rock of Butte Quartz Monzonite (ca. 76 Ma). Deposition of the Lowland Creek Volcanics Formation (ca. 53 to 50 Ma) on top of the Butte Quartz Monzonite and its ores, followed a period of...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Advanced argillic and sericitic alteration in the Buckskin Range, Nevada : A product of ascending magmatic fluids from the deeper yerington porphyry copper environment

Creator:: Lipske, Joanna L.
Abstract:: Jurassic rocks exposed in the Buckskin Range of the Yerington district, represent the upper 1 to 2 km of a large magmatic-hydrothermal system with porphyry copper deposits at 1-4 km depth. These rocks include, from deep to shallow, the Yerington batholith, the Artesia Lake Volcanics (intruded by the batholith), and...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Stratigraphy, structure, and natural gas potential of tertiary sedimentary and volcanic units, Clatskanie 7.5 minute quadrangle, Northwest Oregon

Creator:: Eriksson, Andrew
Abstract:: The geology and natural gas potential of the Clatskanie 7.5-minute quadrangle in Columbia County, Oregon was studied utilizing a combination of geologic mapping, measuring of stratigraphic sections, diatom and molluscan fossil identifications, with subsurface geophysical data and petrographic and geochemical analyses. The stratigraphy of the study area consists of two...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

The case for NE-SW extension in northeast Oregon

Creator:: Essman, Jim E.
Abstract:: A zone of diffuse deformation -600 km-wide extending from northern California to Washington has developed resulting from the oblique subduction of the Juan de Fuca plate beneath North America, and the northwestward migration of the Pacific plate. This zone is marked by a change in structural style from transtension in...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Fold growth due to kink-band migration in repeated earthquakes, Sierra de Villicum, San Juan, Argentina

Creator:: Krugh, William C.
Abstract:: Growth strata geometries and deformed geomorphic surfaces reflect the shorttimescale growth of Sierra de Villicum (San Juan Province, Argentina). Accumulated deformation in repeated earthquakes is recorded by the structural geometry of deformed geomorphic surfaces. Through geologic mapping and topographic surveying, six strath terraces were identified on the eastern flank of...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Sediment storage in a headwater valley of the Oregon Coast Range : erosion rates and styles and valley-floor capacitance

Creator:: Casebeer, Nathan E.
Abstract:: This study is part of the effort to quantify sediment budgets and understand the geomorphic evolution of steep mountains where debris flows are the dominant agent of upland erosion. Observations indicate that headwater basins in the Oregon Coast Range (OCR) can store a large amount of sediment, mostly from debris...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Contribution of deep-seated bedrock landslides to denudation of a glaciated basin in southern Alaska

Creator:: Arsenault, Ann Michelle
Abstract:: The role of bedrock landslides in the denudation of fluvial catchments has received considerable attention, whereas the relative contribution of deep-seated bedrock landslides to the erosion of glaciated basins is less well known. A glaciated basin in the Chugach-St. Elias Range of southern Alaska was chosen to investigate the contribution...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Testing spatial correlation of subduction interplate coupling and forearc morpho-tectonics

Creator:: Kaye, Grant David
Abstract:: The two largest earthquakes ever recorded, the 1964 M[subscript w] 9.2 Alaskan and 1960 M[subscript w] 9.5 Chilean, occurred on seismogenic plate interfaces at subduction zones. It has been theorized that the catastrophic failure of a locked zone along the contact between the downgoing slab and the upper plate causes...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

The role of rock resistance and rock uplift on topographic relief and river longitudinal profiles in the coastal mountains of Oregon and a landscape-scale test for steady-state conditions

Creator:: VanLaningham, Sam J.
Abstract:: Analysis of topographic and river morphometric parameters was conducted using digital elevation models (DEMs) and field observations in order to determine the role of variable rock resistance on topographic relief, to examine how spatially and temporally variable rock uplift rates relate to river morphology, and to address the degree to...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

A geology training manual for Grand Canyon National Park

Creator:: Wagner, Stacy S.
Abstract:: Grand Canyon National Park is a geologic experience like no other. Each year, many of the park's 5 million visitors attend ranger-led interpretive programs to learn how the spectacular scenery formed. It is crucial for interpretive park rangers at'Grand Canyon to understand the geologic history of the region and be...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

A study of hyporheic characteristics along a longitudinal profile of Lookout Creek, Oregon

Creator:: Ninnemann, Jeffery J.
Abstract:: The primary goal of this research project is to quantitatively measure the temporal scales of hyporheic exchange along a stream network. Our goal is to examine how hyporheic exchange varies with increasing stream size. Many previous studies focus on single stream reaches or on several reaches of similar sized streams,...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Structural geology and dislocation modeling of the East Coyote anticline, eastern Los Angles basin

Creator:: Myers, Daniel J.
Abstract:: The 1994 Northridge and 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquakes warned Los Angeles residents of the threat of earthquakes due to unmapped, blind reverse faults and emphasized the importance of identifying and characterizing blind reverse faults in assessing the seismic hazard to the region. The East and West Coyote Hills in the...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Tracer experiments in a non-uniform porous medium : implications of diffusive mass transfer on the late-time breakthrough behavior

Creator:: Freiherr von Schwerin, Claudius
Abstract:: Mass transfer processes were evaluated in an artificial, non-uniform porous medium with a power law distribution of diffusion rate coefficients obtained from physical characterization of solute and porous medium. Breakthrough curves of several pulse experiments conducted at different velocities were compared (1) to analytical expressions for concentrations at mass transfer...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Developing climate records from speleothems, Oregon Caves National Monument, Oregon

Creator:: Vacco, David A.
Abstract:: A stalagmite (sample OCNM8-02A) collected from Oregon Caves National Monument (OCNM) was sampled for stable isotope ratios in order to develop a record of Pacific Northwest climate history. Nine U-series dates indicate that the record spans the time period - 13.5 - 9.5 ka. The stalagmite growth rate varied from...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Reconstructing northern Alaska : crustal-scale evolution of the central Brooks Range

Creator:: Williams, Jonathan D.
Abstract:: Kinematic tectonic models constrained by Airy isostatic equilibrium demonstrate the crustal-scale evolution of the Brooks Range during ocean basin closure, arc-continent collision, and exhumation of the orogen. The Bouguer gravity anomaly low that develops across the orogen is related by wavelength to the amount of shortening during collision, and by...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Geologic structure and exhumation accompanying Yakutat terrane collision, southern Alaska

Creator:: Johnston, Sarah A.
Abstract:: The climatic and tectonic framework of the St. Elias orogen makes it an excellent place to study the interactions between tectonic processes such as deformation and erosive processes, in particular glacial erosion. One type of link between these processes, proposed by numerical models of orogenic development, is an effect of...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Derivation of near-shore bathymetry from multispectral satellite imagery used in a coastal terrain model for the topographic analysis of human influence on coral reefs

Creator:: Hogrefe, Kyle Richard
Abstract:: The analysis of material and energy exchange between the marine and terrestrial components of island ecosystems enables research into the impact of human population and land use on the health of coral reef habitat. Satellite and acoustic remote sensing technologies enable the collection of data to produce high resolution bathymetry...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the middle eocene Cowlitz Formation and adjacent sedimentary and volcanic units in the Longview-Kelso area, southwest Washington

Creator:: McCutcheon, Mark S.
Abstract:: Geologic mapping of the Longview-Kelso area and the measurement and description of a composite 650-meter thick stratigraphic section of the Cowlitz Formation (Tc) in Coal Creek using bio-, magneto-, litho-, and sequence stratigraphy reveals a complex interplay of Cowlitz micaceous, lithic arkosic shelf to tidal/estuarine to delta plain facies associations,...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Food deserts in the Willamette : a study of food access in Lane County, Oregon

Creator:: Smith, Dianna Marie
Abstract:: According to USDA research, Oregon in 2002 had the highest rate of hunger and one of the highest rates of food insecurity in the United States. Although the margin of error involved with these statistics indicates that the state may not actually be at the top of the list, a...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

A method for remotely monitoring glaciers with regional application to the Pacific Northwest

Creator:: Medley, Brooke
Abstract:: An integrative method for monitoring glacier geometry change and mass balance is presented and applied to the Pacific Northwest, USA. Acting as a baseline for interpretation of future changes in glacier size and shape, we first derive a new inventory of regional glacier cover using remotely sensed data. To investigate...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

The marine geomorphology of American Samoa : shapes and distributions of deep sea volcanics

Creator:: Roberts, Jed T.
Abstract:: The geologic processes at work in American Samoa have long been a point of scientific debate. Of its numerous volcanic formations, few breach sea level, leaving an enormous proportion of their mass unavailable to traditional observation. This study aims to describe the deep sea geomorphology of American Samoa through compilation,...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Do vigorous young forests reduce streamflow? Results from up to 54 years of streamflow records in eight paired-watershed experiments in the H. J. Andrews and South Umpqua Experimental Forests

Creator:: Perry, Timothy D.
Abstract:: This study quantified the magnitude and timing of summer streamflow deficits in paired-watershed experiments in the Cascade Range of Oregon where mature and old-growth conifer forests were subjected to clearcutting, patch cutting, and overstory thinning treatments in the 1960s and 1970s. Hydrologic effects of clearcutting, small-patch cutting, and overstory thinning...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Sensitivity analysis of the Catchment Modeling Framework (CMF) and use in evaluating two agricultural management scenarios

Creator:: Metta, John W. P.
Abstract:: Abstract Watershed-scale fate/transport modeling of contaminants is a tool that scientists and land managers can use to assess pesticide contamination to stream systems. The Catchment Modeling Framework (CMF) is a catchment-scale fate/transport modeling tool. It was developed to help scientists and land managers assess the effects of possible land-use decisions...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Meadow classification in the Willamette National Forest and conifer encroachment patterns in the Chucksney-Grasshopper meadow complex, Western Cascade Range, Oregon

Creator:: Dailey, Michele Meadows
Abstract:: This study delineates and characterizes the distribution of montane meadows in the Willamette National Forest, identifies encroachment patterns in relation to topographic features and proximity to trees in the Chucksney-Grasshopper meadow complex, and examines tree species and age distributions in relation to distance from forest edges or isolated tree clusters...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Arc Marine as a spatial data infrastructure : a marine data model case study in whale tracking by satellite telemetry

Creator:: Lord-Castillo, Brett K.
Abstract:: The Arc Marine data model is a generalized template to guide the implementation of geographic information systems (GIS) projects in the marine environment. Arc Marine developed out of a collaborative process involving research and industry shareholders in coastal and marine research. This template models and attempts to standardize common marine...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

A preliminary assessment of hydrogeologic suitability for Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) in Oregon

Creator:: Woody, Jen
Abstract:: An ASR metric and site rating index applied to over 120 municipal and agricultural locations across Oregon, combined with comparison to case study data from existing ASR sites, indicate that more than 50% of selected sites are hydrogeologically suitable for ASR. The ASR metric is a ratio of aquifer storage...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Interpreting geology in Yosemite National Park, California : a monument to strong granite, powerful glaciers, and the perseverance of life

Creator:: Dunham, Sarah E.
Abstract:: This thesis develops a thematic, geology-based interpretive training manual for the interpretive staff at Yosemite National Park (YNP), California. The manual will help staff understand and convey geologic principles to park visitors who are all experiencing a dynamic landscape comprised of glacially-sculpted igneous rocks. Basic geology and the results of...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

A dynamic landscape formed by the power of volcanoes : geology training manual for interpreters at Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park

Creator:: Ashton, Rebecca H.
Abstract:: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of social interaction and social comfort among five undergraduate ethnic groups: African American, American Indian, Asian American, Caucasian American, and Hispanic American. Another purpose was to explore the correlation between the level of social contact and comfort among the five...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Determining relative benefits to communities from urban and agricultural land use change in Napa County, California

Creator:: Bernard, Mark A.
Abstract:: Urban sprawl and the establishment of greenbelts to separate growing cities and towns has become a popular topic of conversation among land use professionals. Economists focus on urban growth in terms of land rents and have sought market solutions such as transfers and purchases of development rights to slow this...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Investigation of the hydraulic, physical, and chemical buffering capacity of Missoula Flood Deposits for water quality and supply in the Willamette Valley of Oregon

Creator:: Iverson, Justin
Abstract:: The Willamette Silt is a surficial geologic unit composed of successive Missoula Flood Deposits that underlies 3100 km2 (1200 mil) of arable land in the Willamette Valley of Oregon. The Willamette Silt protects the underlying regionally important Willamette Aquifer from agricultural contamination while acting as a semi-confining unit and a...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Seismotectonics in the eastern Precordillera, San Juan, Argentina : reconciling earthquakes and structural geology in the vicinity of the 1944 earthquake for a new model of crustal-scale deformation

Creator:: Schiffman, Celia Rose
Abstract:: This thesis synthesizes surficial structural data, a detailed analysis of an earthquake in 1944, and historical seismicity into a new model of crustal scale deformation in the eastern Precordillera in northwestern Argentina in the vicinity of San Juan. The eastern Precordillera was uplifted during previous thin-skinned deformation episodes, and is...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Sediment transfer and storage in headwater basins of the Oregon Coast Range : transit times from 14C dated deposits

Creator:: Underwood, Emily F.
Abstract:: In steep headwater basins of the Oregon Coast Range (OCR), debris flows episodically deliver material from low-order tributary basins to larger catchments. Much of this material is stored in valleys and gradually removed by fluvial processes. Quantifying the transfer of material from hillslopes to mainstem channels is essential in understanding...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Shake, rattle, and roll : awaking the visiting public's curiosity of geology via interpretation at Redwood National State Parks

Creator:: Natoli, Jennifer A.
Abstract:: By researching aspects of the geology of Redwood National and State Parks (RNSP) and serving for two summers as a seasonal interpretive ranger, I have developed a training manual designed for fellow rangers. The descriptive nature of the manual, combined with its vivid illustrations, is designed to enable rangers of...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Thirty-five years of forest succession in southwest Oregon : vegetation response to three distinct logging treatments

Creator:: Arthur, Aaron Stone
Abstract:: This study examined patterns and controls on 35-years of forest succession following logging in the 236 ha South Umpqua Experimental Forest within the Umpqua National Forest in southwestern Oregon. Prior to logging, the overstory in all three watersheds (~50% cover) was composed of Douglas-fir (30-40% cover), grand fir (2 to...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

An analysis of water resource conflict and cooperation in Oregon between 1990 and 2004

Creator:: Fesler, Kristel J.
Abstract:: This research provides details of water resource conflict and cooperation in Oregon between 1990 and 2004 by using an event database methodology. Events were concentrated in four of 18 basins. No basin accounted for more that 25% of the total water rights events, the most evenly distributed issue type. Overall...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Seismotectonics of the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau : moment tensoranalysis of regional seismograms

Creator:: Baur, Jan R.
Abstract:: This thesis presents a detailed seismotectonic investigation of the Himalayan region and the Tibetan plateau as part of project HiCLIMB to explore the state of stress and the kinematics of the world’s largest continental collision zone. Using full regional waveforms for moment tensor inversion, source parameters for 107 earthquakes were...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Hazards of inequality : comparing two neighborhoods in San Francisco in the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake

Creator:: Moore, Monika Z.
Abstract:: This study examined two neighborhoods in San Francisco with similar earthquake-induced ground failure history -- the Marina District and the South of Market Area (SoMa) -- in the aftermath of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. The earthquake struck shortly after 5 pm on October 17th, 1989 and registered 6.9 in...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Spatial interpolation in other dimensions

Creator:: Martin, Peter
Abstract:: The purpose of this work is to broaden the theoretical foundations of interpolation of spatial data, by showing how ideas and methods from information theory and signal processing are applicable to the the work of geographers. Attention is drawn to the distinction between what we study and how we represent...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Integrating GIS and community mapping into secondary science education:a web GIS approach

Creator:: O'Dea, Elizabeth K.
Abstract:: Geographic information systems (GISs) offer a useful tool for educators to teach students about local and global communities in various subjects. GISs are increasingly being used in K-12 education, but that growth is hindered due to many teachers’ limited access to time or resources necessary to adequately learn a GIS...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Testing the ArcGIS Marine Data Model : busing spatial information to examine habitat utilization patterns of reef fish along the west coast of Hawaii

Creator:: Aaby, Alyssa Anne
Abstract:: In response to anthropogenic pressures that have degraded habitat and put marine resources at risk (Leslie et al., 2003; Mumby et al., 2001; Puniwai et al., 2003), there has been a growing interest in the use of marine protected areas (MPAs) as a management tool to help slow, prevent or...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

GIS modeling of potential marine protected areas in the Northwest Atlantic via biological and socioeconomic parameters

Creator:: Keith, Charles M.
Abstract:: Overfishing of our national marine resources has degraded some of the most productive fishing regions in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, most notably the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank. These regions may have shifted from productive trophic regimes to a less than optimal state therefore reducing fishers’ catches and associated...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Geographic information systems for coral reef conservation, capacity building, and public education in American Samoa

Creator:: Larkin, Emily M.
Abstract:: Coral reefs around the world face numerous threats, both natural and anthropogenic, including pollution, natural disasters, invasive species, habitat destruction, and destructive methods of fishing. Given enough time, coral can recover from natural disasters, but anthropogenic threats decrease corals’ ability to recover from things such as hurricanes. It is difficult...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Introducing geographic information systems to grass seed growers in the Willamette Valley of Oregon

Creator:: Hedstrom, Keldah E.
Abstract:: Oregon is the number one producer of cool-season grass seed in the United States. The center of the grass seed industry of Oregon is located in the Willamette Valley, where about 470,000 acres of seed are grown. Innovative grass seed growers of the area are beginning to implement precision agriculture...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Lahar hazard mapping of Mount Shasta, California : a GIS-based delineation of potential inundation zones in Mud and Whitney Creek basins

Creator:: McClung, Steven C.
Abstract:: Mount Shasta, the southernmost stratovolcano in the Cascade Range (41.4°N) has frequently produced lahars of various magnitudes during the last 10,000 yr. These include large flows of eruptive origin, reaching more than 40km from the summit, and studies have shown that at least 70 debris flows of noneruptive origin have...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Irrigated agriculture, energy, and endangered species in the Upper Klamath Basin : Evaluating trade-offs and interconnections

Creator:: Boehlert, Brent B.
Abstract:: In 2001, an extreme drought tightened water supply in the Upper Klamath Basin (basin) while earlier increases in Endangered Species Act (ESA) water requirements for basin fish species that same year elevated demands. The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), which manages irrigation water in parts of the basin located near the...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

A mathematical transformation of multi-angular remote sensing data for the study of vegetation change

Creator:: Friedel, Robert G.
Abstract:: Vegetation change is an important factor affecting the global carbon cycle, land-atmosphere interaction, and terrestrial ecology. The study of vegetation change on a global scale can be used to evaluate the impact of global climate change on terrestrial ecosystems. Satellite remote sensing can monitor vegetation change at the global scale,...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Mapping vegetation using landsat TM and ETM+ in Eritrea

Creator:: Iyob, Biniam
Abstract:: The objective of this study was to examine vegetation and vegetation change in Eritrea over a period from the mid 1980s to 2002 using satellite remote sensing, and relate observed changes to the recent history of drought and war in the region. Specific objectives were (1) to examine vegetation change...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Magma chamber processes over the past 475,000 years at Mount Hood, Oregon : insights from crystal zoning and crystal size distribution studies

Creator:: Darr, Cristina M.
Abstract:: Several different petrological techniques have been applied to lava flows between 200 to 475,000 years old from Mount Hood, Oregon. Mount Hood is unusual, in comparison to nearby Mount St. Helens and Mount Jefferson, in that it has produced relatively homogeneous lava compositions over 475,000 years. Erupted lavas are mostly...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Plant community dynamics in remnant and restored Willamette Valley wetland prairies

Creator:: Schwindt, Rachel A.
Abstract:: Invasion by exotic species can pose a major challenge for developing native plant communities in wetland restoration projects. Often native plant communities do not develop as anticipated in restored wetlands due to colonization by exotic species that dominate the native plant community. Despite the time and expense to restore wetlands,...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Mapping vegetation density and water inundation in a recovering wetland : the Mesopotamian Marshlands

Creator:: Bosley, Jon Michael
Abstract:: Once considered the largest wetland in Central Asia, the Mesopotamian Marshlands of Southeastern Iraq have nearly disappeared. Various hydrological projects by the Iraqi government and dam construction in the region have nearly destroyed these once rich freshwater wetlands by over 90%. With the launching of Operation Iraqi Freedom recent attempts...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Can growth strata identify individual paleoearthquakes and characterize fold kinematics? A case study from the La Laja fault system, Sierra de Villicum, Argentina

Creator:: Schultz, Emily S.
Abstract:: A large, damaging earthquake in 1944 on a blind thrust fault caused 60 cm of surface rupture on the subsidiary La Laja fault and additional unmeasured growth of an associated backlimb fold. Both the fold and fault are components of the La Laja Fault System (LLFS) located 25 km northeast...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Early Oligocene intrusions in the central Coast Range of Oregon : petrography, geochemistry, geochronology and implications for the Tertiary magmatic evolution of the Cascadia forearc

Creator:: Oxford, Jeremiah
Abstract:: The Early Oligocene Oregon Coast Range Intrusions (OCRI) consist of gabbroic rocks and lesser alkalic intrusive bodies that were emplaced in marine sedimentary units and volcanic sequences within a Tertiary Cascadia forearc basin. The alkalic intrusions include nepheline syenite, camptonite, and alkaline basalt. The gabbros occur as dikes and differentiated...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Interpreting a weird and scenic landscape to park visitors : tectonic and volcanic processes of Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve, Idaho

Creator:: Truitt, Kimberly E.
Abstract:: This thesis develops a geology training manual for the Interpretation staff of Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve (CRMO) in southern Idaho. The manual will help the staff convey geologic principles to park visitors who are experiencing a landscape formed by volcanic processes. Basic geology and the most...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Exotic plant species dynamics from 1994 to 2005 on road networks in forested landscapes of western Oregon

Creator:: Sheehy, Samantha
Abstract:: Although the Pacific Northwest has the least proportion of non-native plant species in relation to other regions of North America, exotic species continue to spread into mountainous areas, including the Cascade Range. In a forested landscape, road networks can act as corridors for exotic plant dispersal and establishment, helping species...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

10Be exposure ages of erratic boulders in southern Norway and implications for the history of the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet

Creator:: Goehring, Brent M.
Abstract:: This thesis focuses on the application of the cosmogenic nuclide Beryllium-10 (10Be) in an effort to better constrain the thickness history of the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet (FIS) at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and into the Holocene, as well as begin to answer the long-standing question regarding the age and...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Temporal and spatial variability of groundwater nitrate in the southern Willamette Valley of Oregon

Creator:: Mutti, Jeffrey Glenn
Abstract:: Groundwater nitrate contamination is a well-documented issue in the Southern Willamette Valley (SWV) of Oregon, as a Groundwater Management Area (GWMA) has recently been declared. As a GWMA, groundwater nitrate monitoring must occur until regional concentrations are below 7 mg/L NO3-N. However, the presence of temporal variability can make it...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Origin and metal content of magmatic sulfides in Cu-Au mineralizing silicic magmas: Yerington, Nevada and Yanacocha, Peru

Creator:: Brennecka, Gregory A.
Abstract:: Magmatic sulfides from Yerington, Nevada, and Yanacocha, Peru, were analyzed by laser ablation-inductively coupled mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) and electron microprobe to determine copper, gold, and silver concentrations and ratios in order to examine the relationship to the metal content of related magmatic-hydrothermal ores. The magmatic sulfides occur in plutonic rocks...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Lacustrine micro-fossil assemblage in core NP04-KH3, a Kullenberg piston core from the Moba-Kalya Horst region of Lake Tanganyika, East Africa, as a biogeochemical proxy for Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene climate and lake level changes

Creator:: Steinkamp, Matthew J.
Abstract:: The objective of this research is to determine the correlation of lacustrine micro-fossils in Lake Tanganyika to changes in climate and lake levels during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene. Lake Tanganyika is the second deepest and one of the oldest lakes in the world. The horst and graben geometry...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

The timing and evolution of Cenozoic extensional normal faulting in the southern Tobin Range, Pershing County, Nevada

Creator:: Gonsior, Zachary J.
Abstract:: The Tobin Range of central Nevada lies in the Basin and Range extensional province near the transition between more extended terrane (>50%) to the south and east, and generally less extended terrane to the north and west. Geologic mapping, 40Ar/39Ar dating and whole-rock geochemical analysis were employed to establish the...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Hydrogeologic field investigation and groundwater flow model of the southern Willamette Valley, Oregon

Creator:: Craner, Jeremy D.
Abstract:: Elevated groundwater nitrate (NO3 -) concentrations in the Southern Willamette Valley (SWV) caused the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (ODEQ) to declare a Groundwater Management Area (GWMA) in Spring, 2004. To better understand direction of groundwater flow, groundwater age, and nitrate transport pathways of the SWV we developed a steady-state...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

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