Frost injury is one of the major factors limiting potato production in many parts
of the world. It would be desirable to transfer the frost-tolerance traits from the hardy
relatives to the cultivated potato, however, progress has been very slow. Since Solanum
commersonii has been the major source of frost...
Solanum species differ in their degree of frost tolerance and cold acclimation capacity. Cultivated potato species of Solanum tuberosum L. are frost-sensitive, incapable of cold acclimation, and have a maximum freezing tolerance of –3°C. Solanum commersonii Dun is frost-tolerant and can survive to –5ºC pre-acclimation and –10ºC post-acclimation. Breeding attempts...
Tomato [Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.] plants are chilling sensitive and do not
naturally accumulate glycinebetaine (GB), a metabolite that functions as a stress
protectant in plants. While GB can increase tolerance of tomato plants to salt and
drought stresses, its effect on chilling tolerance has not been examined. To evaluate
whether...
Experiments were conducted to determine if allelopathy is a mechanism
by which buckwheat interferes with a) the growth of Canada thistle and/or b)
mycorrhizae colonization in Canada thistle roots. In a competition experiment,
buckwheat plant biomass was only affected by the intraspecific competition
from other buckwheat plants and not by...
Size and color are important visual quantity attributes of the fruit of strawberry (Fmgaria x ananassa Duch.). Strawberry cultivars produce fruit of a characteristic size and color, the later being the result of accumulation of particular anthocyanins. This research sought to determine the basis for genotypic differences in fruit size...
Heritability in the narrow sense and in the broad sense, variance components and
correlation coefficients are important genetic parameters in a breeding program. The
estimates of these parameters can provide important information for a breeder in the
selection of parents, the most efficient design for evaluation of seedlings and advanced...
The effects of overcoming rest by application of "near-lethal" (NL)
stress treatments on the subsequent development of cold hardiness of
stem tissues of red-osier dogwood, Comus sericea L., at different rest
stages under three post-environments (0°, 23°, and natural condition)
were studied. NL-heat stress (47°C for one hour) treatment during...
Experiments focusing on plant growth regulators’ concentrations and combination, mineral salt formulations and TDZ pretreatment formations were conducted to optimize in vitro shoot regeneration from leaf and petiole explants of 'Marion' blackberry. Optimum shoot formation was obtained when stock plants were incubated in TDZ pretreatment medium for three weeks before...
Alternating temperature (22°C / -1°C) pretreatments were effective for
increasing cold hardiness and recovery of cryopreserved meristems. Combining low
temperature pretreatment with abscisic acid (ABA) or sucrose treatments reduced the
time required for optimal cold hardiness of meristems. Desiccation tolerance was
directly correlated with increased cold hardiness and recovery of...
Inheritance of eight enzyme systems, alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), aspartate
aminotransferase (AAT), aconitase (ACON), glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI),
malate dehydrogenase (MDH), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD),
phosphoglucomutase (PGM), and shikimate dehydrogenase (SDH) was studied in
hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) by either polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
(PAGE) or starch gel electrophoresis. Three isozymes were detected...
Oxidative stress that occurs during cryopreservation may be reduced by the addition of antioxidants. Vitamin E (Vit E), Vitamin C (Vit C), glutathione (GSH), lipoic acid (LA), glycine betaine (GB) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were applied at four steps of the PVS2 vitrification protocol (pretreatment, loading, rinsing, and regrowth). Shoot tips...
Identification of factors that affect water and sugar transport in strawberry could aid
in attempts to influence fruit size and quality. Apoplastic water potential (Ψaw) gradients
within the strawberry plant, that could influence water and assimilate transport, were
identified. Fruit expansion was very sensitive to water stress and occurred when...
Coffee trees growing in the Kona district of Hawaii
were treated with different concentrations of either BA,
GA3, or Promalin, and pruned at the time of flowering. No
significant differences in the flowering and fruit ripening
pattern were found. High concentrations (100 mg/1) of
growth regulators decreased fruit fresh weight....
'Anjou' pears were sprayed with 2 concentrations of
CaCl₂ during fruit development and harvested at 70 N flesh
firmness. Pears were held at -1.1°, 5°, 10°, or 20°C for up to
100 days then ripened at 20°C for 11 days. Unexpectently,
fruits stored at 20°C lost firmness and chlorophyll after...
Purple tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculemtum) were bred by incorporating
genes that result in anthocyanin production in the skin of fruits. These genes
originally came from related wild species as no naturally occurring genes encoding
fruit anthocyanin expression are known within the cultivated species. By
combining Aft or Abg with atv or...
A rapid and sensitive HPLC method for quantifying both the
reduced and oxidized forms of glutathione simultaneously in woody
plant tissues was developed. This method was applicable to a variety
of woody plant species and different tissues. Total glutathione
content in the bark tissue of seven of the woody plant...
European hazelnut, Corylus avellana L., is the only economically important nut crop
in the family Betulaceae. One of the threats to the hazelnut industry in the Pacific
Northwest is the fungal disease eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by the
pyrenomycete Anisogramma anomala. Host genetic resistance to EFB identified in the...