A number of historians of science have been involved
in studying the nature of biology at the turn of the
century, and the picture that they have developed describes
biology during this time as a field struggling to define
itself. During the late nineteenth and early twentieth
centuries, biologists were...
At the beginning of the nineteenth century most theorizing British naturalists supported a Biblical account of the distribution of life which was based upon the notion that life had been dispersed from the resting place of the ark. This implied a relatively even dispersion of life about the Earth, but...
Stepan Petrovich Krasheninnikov (1711 – 1755) was a successful early Russian naturalist whose professional and social destinies were linked to eighteenth-century Russia's nascent but growing naturalist tradition. During his own time Krasheninnikov bridged the gap that existed in Russia between a distinctly European scientific practice and a tradition of Russian...
In February 1905 the Oregon State Academy of Sciences formed in
Portland to promote scientific research and diffusion of scientific
knowledge in Oregon. The founders also planned to assist in the
discovery and development of the state's natural resources. The
Academy was the first scientific society in Oregon with professional...
An examination of the technical and historical literature
concerning the discovery and development of antibiotics suggests the
possible existence of an era of discovery. This era appears to have
a well-defined beginning (about 1940) and a well-defined close (about
1960). It is the purpose of this dissertation to examine the...
Mimicry, obscure colors, and secondary sexual colors were
important classes of observations that were analyzed by nineteenth
century biologists from several vantage points. Adherents of the
doctrine of special creation of fixed species believed animal colors
to be evidence of design; Darwin and Wallace and their successors
suggested that a...
By 1900 domestication was a promising, if somewhat vexed, subject in biology. Volumes had been written about domestication, but little serious scientific inquiry was directed toward the phenomenon. Expertise lay with practical men, primarily breeders and fanciers. The bulk of scientific commentary on domestication came from anthropologists who derived theories...
Modern science was produced by a Christian society,
and although science has had an effect on Christianity, it
could not itself remain unaffected. In the second half of
the nineteenth century, the subject of evolution was as
much a religious as a scientific issue. The battle line
was drawn and...
In 1959 the British Ornithological journal, The Ibis, published a centenary commemorative volume on the history of ornithology in Britain. Over the previous few decades, the contributors to this volume had helped focus the attention of ornithologists on the methods, priorities, and problems of modem biology, specifically the theory ofevolution...