The human intervertebral disc is a deceptively simple structure which plays an essential role in human movement. Even slight changes to the disc microenvironment can have far reaching consequences, particularly when these changes result in disc degeneration and herniation. Degeneration is increasingly tied to lower back pain; better understanding this...
Orthopaedic soft tissue degenerative diseases significantly affect the population, especially as it ages. Degeneration is characterized by a progressive loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) components necessary for the proper functioning of the tissues and joints, eventually leading to pain and dysfunction. In humans, the intervertebral disc (IVD) and tendon are...