Reinforced concrete (RC) column-footing substructures are widely used to support bridges along critical transportation corridors in Oregon. Those built prior to 1971 were typically designed to resist only gravity loads. Therefore, they are vulnerable to damage or collapse during strong ground shaking. To prevent collapse, seismic retrofits have been developed...
Scour is the main cause of bridge failures in the United States. Bridge failures raise a hazard to the safety of the traveling public as well as the massive economic consequences due to the high cost of constructing a new or a replacement bridge. The Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT)...
Pile caps are structural elements used to transfer loads from columns to a group of piles, which transfer them to stronger soil layers. Pile cap with horizontal distance between the column and piles less than twice its effective depth is categorized as "deep," where significant nonlinear strain distribution occurs through...
There are many aging bridges in service in the US and around the world that were not constructed to modern seismic design codes and standards. As a result, they are expected to perform poorly during intense earthquake ground shaking. Older reinforced concrete (RC) bridges, in particular, are often supported on...
As ecoroofs have become more widespread throughout the U.S., it has become increasingly important to understand their structural behavior. The purpose of this research was to investigate the load effects exerted on a roof structure with an ecoroof during rain events and the subsequent drainage period, with the intention of...
In the first quarter of the twentieth century, iron was commonly used to provide tensile resistance for preservation and restoration of historical buildings. A major factor contributing to increasing the deterioration and degradation of historic structures is corrosion of ferrous materials. One approach to avoid long-term degradation of iron and...
Ecoroofs have become more prominent in recent years. However, there is currently no enforceable standard or building code for the design and construction of ecoroofs across the United States (Kraupa, 2014). Further research is needed to determine how ecoroofs respond to roof motion and to develop an appropriate design standard.The...
Structurally efficient and cost-effective solutions are needed to extend the service-life of deficient and aging highway infrastructure around the world. One critical need is to increase the flexural strength of older reinforced concrete (RC) structures to carry heavier and more frequent loads. Titanium alloy bars (TiAB) offer a new opportunity...
The Cascadia Subduction Zone has recently been identified as a source for an impending great earthquake. The potential of a large earthquake has created widespread interest into the resiliency of lifelines within the potentially affected areas. One critical lifeline is the electrical distribution and transmission systems which relies on legacy...
Aging and deficient infrastructure has become a major problem throughout the world. This is particularly evident in the case of reinforced concrete (RC) bridges. The cost of replacing these bridges is often prohibitive, thus engineers must find ways to strengthen them. Many older RC bridges predate the modern understanding of...