Lignocellulosic biomass represents a vast supply of fermentable carbohydrates and functional aromatic compounds. Conversion of lignocellulosics to ethanol and other useful products would be of widespread economical and environmental benefit. Better understanding of the behavior of different lignicellulosic feedstocks in fermentation protocols as well as catalytic activities involved in lignocellulosic...
The primary purpose of this study was to (1) develop methods for the analysis of and (2) provide information on the chemical nature of reducing ends in typical cellulose substrates used for the study of cellulolytic enzymes. The studies were designed such that values obtained for cellulose substrates were compared...
Lignocellulosic biomass is a potential source of fermentable sugars such as glucose. Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose is a viable method of solubilizing the glucose from biomass, but the cellulose fraction of native lignocellulosic material is shielded from enzymatic attack by the lignin-hemicellulose matrix surrounding it. Pretreating lignocellulosic biomass with dilute...
The total and soluble nonstarch polysaccharide (NSP)
components of raw, processed (canned and frozen) and home-cooked
(boiled) Royal Chantenay carrots have been analyzed.
NSP fractions were characterized by separation and summation
of the monosaccharides resulting from acid hydrolysis of the
parent polysaccharides. Total NSP was primarily composed of
glucose, ~37%,...
Enzymatic browning is a consequence of a series of reactions initiated by polyphenol oxidase (PPO)-catalyzed quinone formation. Unwanted browning negatively affects food quality and lowers consumer acceptability. Thus, there is general interest in strategies to control enzymatic browning. Cyclodextrins are cyclic glucan oligosaccharides that form inclusion complexes with a number...
Cellooligosaccharides are the reaction intermediates produced during the hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose. Hence, they have the same chemical structure as cellulose, just shorter chain lengths. Cellooligosaccharides up to DP eight are soluble in water. The soluble cellooligosaccharides can be used "as is" in the food industry as non-digestible oligosaccharides...
The influence of substrate and enzyme concentration on the rate
of saccharification of two defined, insoluble, cellulose substrates,
Avicel and Solka-Floc, by the cellulase enzyme system of Trichoderma
viride has been evaluated. Assays utilized enzyme concentrations
ranging from 0.014 to 0.056 filter paper unit per mL and substrate
concentrations up...
The movements of digestion markers in the gut of the rat were investigated and
the results of the investigation are reported in two manuscripts. The objective of
the first study was to determine the influence of particle size of dietary wheat
bran, chosen as a representative insoluble fiber, on the...
In the field of nutrition, complex carbohydrates have
become increasingly important in the last decade. The fiber
fraction of foods has been implicated as modifying the
etiology of several chronic diseases and the starch fraction
is important with respect to the glycemic index of foods.
This study has focused on...
The primary purpose of this study was to try to (1) provide information on the chemical nature, including turbidity formation, of polygalacturonic acid in different concentrations of NaCl solution. (2) use turbidity formation characteristics to develop an assay for determining the activities polygalacturonic acid depolymerases by using a polyelectrolyte. (3)...