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Creator:: Ripple, William J., Estes, James A., Beschta, Robert L., Wilmers, Christopher C., Ritchie, Euan G., Hebblewhite, Mark, Berger, Joel, Elmhagen, Bodil, Letnic, Mike, Nelson, Michael P., Schmitz, Oswald J., Smith, Douglas W., Wallach, Arian D., and Wirsing, Aaron J.
Abstract:: Large carnivores face serious threats and are experiencing massive declines in their populations and geographic ranges around the world. We highlight how these threats have affected the conservation status and ecological functioning of the 31 largest mammalian carnivores on Earth. Consistent with theory, empirical studies increasingly show that large carnivores...
Full Text:: , Robert L. Beschta, Christopher C. Wilmers, Euan G. Ritchie, Mark Hebblewhite, Joel Berger, Bodil

Creator:: Ripple, William J., Estes, James A., Beschta, Robert L., Wilmers, Christopher C., Ritchie, Euan G., Hebblewhite, Mark, Berger, Joel, Elmhagen, Bodil, Letnic, Mike, Nelson, Michael P., Schmitz, Oswald J., Smith, Douglas W., Wallach, Arian D., and Wirsing, Aaron J.
Abstract:: Large carnivores face serious threats and are experiencing massive declines in their populations and geographic ranges around the world. We highlight how these threats have affected the conservation status and ecological functioning of the 31 largest mammalian carnivores on Earth. Consistent with theory, empirical studies increasingly show that large carnivores...
Full Text:: . Estes, Robert L. Beschta, Christopher C. Wilmers, Euan G. Ritchie, Mark Hebblewhite, Joel Berger

Creator:: Ripple, William J., Estes, James A., Beschta, Robert L., Wilmers, Christopher C., Ritchie, Euan G., Hebblewhite, Mark, Berger, Joel, Elmhagen, Bodil, Letnic, Mike, Nelson, Michael P., Schmitz, Oswald J., Smith, Douglas W., Wallach, Arian D., and Wirsing, Aaron J.
Abstract:: Large carnivores face serious threats and are experiencing massive declines in their populations and geographic ranges around the world. We highlight how these threats have affected the conservation status and ecological functioning of the 31 largest mammalian carnivores on Earth. Consistent with theory, empirical studies increasingly show that large carnivores...
Resource Type:: Article

Creator:: Ripple, William J. and Beschta, Robert L.
Abstract:: The files are zipped and will need to be unzipped prior to viewing. Images are contained within 8 sub-folders: Crystal Creek Riparian Sep 2010, Crystal Creek Uplands Sep 2010, Lamar River Riparian Sep 2010, Lamar River Uplands Sep 2010, Rose Creek Riparian Sep 2010, Rose Creek Uplands Set 2010, Slough...
Resource Type:: Image

Creator:: Ripple, William J. and Beschta, Robert L.
Abstract:: The 1995/96 reintroduction of gray wolves (Canis lupus) into Yellowstone National Park after a 70 year absence has allowed for studies of tri-trophic cascades involving wolves, elk (Cervus elaphus), and plant species such as aspen (Populus tremuloides), cottonwoods (Populus spp.), and willows (Salix spp.). To investigate the status of this...
Full Text:: Trophic cascades in Yellowstone: The first 15 years after wolf reintroduction William J. Ripple ⇑, Robert

Creator:: Beschta, Robert L. and Ripple, William J.
Abstract:: Gray wolves (Canis lupus) were reintroduced into Yellowstone National Park in 1995-96, thus completing the park’s large predator guild. In the fall of 2010, approximately 15 years after wolf reintroduction, we sampled ten genera/species of berry-producing shrubs within 97 aspen (Populus tremuloides) stands in the park’s northern ungulate winter range....
Resource Type:: Article
Full Text:: following wolf reintroduction in Yellowstone National Park Robert L. Beschta*, and William J. Ripple 1

Creator:: Ripple, William J. and Beschta, Robert L.
Abstract:: There is a lack of scientific consensus about how top-down and bottom-up forces interact to structure terrestrial ecosystems. This is especially true for systems with large carnivore and herbivore species where the effects of predation versus food limitation on herbivores are controversial. Uncertainty exists whether top-down forces driven by large...
Resource Type:: Article
Full Text:: effects on mesopredators, intra-guild 246 predation, and carrion-scavenger relationships (Berger 2005

Creator:: Ripple, William J. and Beschta, Robert L.
Abstract:: The 1995/96 reintroduction of gray wolves (Canis lupus) into Yellowstone National Park after a 70 year absence has allowed for studies of tri-trophic cascades involving wolves, elk (Cervus elaphus), and plant species such as aspen (Populus tremuloides), cottonwoods (Populus spp.), and willows (Salix spp.). To investigate the status of this...
Resource Type:: Article

Creator:: Ripple, William J. and Beschta, Robert L.
Abstract:: Aldo Leopold, perhaps best known for his revolutionary and poignant essays about nature, was also an eloquent advocate during the 1930s and 1940s of the need to maintain wolves and other large carnivores in forest and range ecosystems.He indicated that their loss set the stage for ungulate irruptions and ecosystem...
Resource Type:: Article
Full Text:: Plants: Aldo Leopold on Trophic Cascades Author(s): WILLIAM J. RIPPLE and ROBERT L. BESCHTA Source

Creator:: Ripple, William J. and Beschta, Robert L.
Abstract:: We investigated how large carnivores, herbivores, and plants may be linked to the maintenance of native species biodiversity through trophic cascades. The extirpation of wolves (Canis lupus) from Yellowstone National Park in the mid-1920s and their reintroduction in 1995 provided the opportunity to examine the cascading effects of carnivore–herbivore interactions...
Resource Type:: Article
Full Text:: Ecology of Fear: Can Predation Risk Structure Ecosystems? Author(s): WILLIAM J. RIPPLE and ROBERT L

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