Species distribution models (SDMs) are increasingly applied in conservation management
to predict suitable habitat for poorly known populations. High predictive performance of
SDMs is evident in validations performed within the model calibration area (interpolation),
but few studies have assessed SDM transferability to novel areas (extrapolation), particularly
across large spatial scales...
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. Sutton2, DavidR. Thompson2, Karine Delord3,
Henri Weimerskirch3, Paul M. Sagar4, Erica Sommer5, Ben J
The Lecanoromycetes is the largest class of lichenized Fungi, and one of the most species-rich classes in the
kingdom. Here we provide a multigene phylogenetic synthesis (using three ribosomal RNA-coding and two
protein-coding genes) of the Lecanoromycetes based on 642 newly generated and 3329 publicly available
sequences representing 1139 taxa,...
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, Conrad L. Schoch q, Emmanuël Sérusiaux r, DavidR. Maddison s, A. Elizabeth Arnold t,
François Lutzoni a
Species distribution models (SDMs) are increasingly applied in conservation management
to predict suitable habitat for poorly known populations. High predictive performance of
SDMs is evident in validations performed within the model calibration area (interpolation),
but few studies have assessed SDM transferability to novel areas (extrapolation), particularly
across large spatial scales...
The Lecanoromycetes is the largest class of lichenized Fungi, and one of the most species-rich classes in the
kingdom. Here we provide a multigene phylogenetic synthesis (using three ribosomal RNA-coding and two
protein-coding genes) of the Lecanoromycetes based on 642 newly generated and 3329 publicly available
sequences representing 1139 taxa,...
A new functional gene database, FOAM (Functional
Ontology Assignments for Metagenomes), was developed
to screen environmental metagenomic sequence
datasets. FOAM provides a new functional
ontology dedicated to classify gene functions relevant
to environmental microorganisms based on Hidden
Markov Models (HMMs). Sets of aligned protein
sequences (i.e. ‘profiles’) were tailored to...
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,R., Waldrop,M.P., DeAngelis,K.M., David,M.M.,
Chavarria,K.L., Blazewicz,S.J., Rubin,E.M. and Jansson
Research in warm-climate biomes has shown
that invasion by symbiotic dinitrogen (N₂)-fixing plants can
transform ecosystems in ways analogous to the transformations
observed as a consequence of anthropogenic, atmospheric
nitrogen (N) deposition: declines in biodiversity, soil
acidification, and alterations to carbon and nutrient cycling,
including increased N losses through nitrate...
Mercury (Hg) is a globally distributed environmental
contaminant with a variety of deleterious effects
in fish, wildlife, and humans. Breeding songbirds may be
useful sentinels for Hg across diverse habitats because they
can be effectively sampled, have well-defined and small
territories, and can integrate pollutant exposure over time
and space....
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of mercury in terrestrial habitats of eastern
North America
Allyson K. Jackson • David C. Evers
Research in warm-climate biomes has shown
that invasion by symbiotic dinitrogen (N₂)-fixing plants can
transform ecosystems in ways analogous to the transformations
observed as a consequence of anthropogenic, atmospheric
nitrogen (N) deposition: declines in biodiversity, soil
acidification, and alterations to carbon and nutrient cycling,
including increased N losses through nitrate...
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biomes
Hiltbrunner, E., Aerts, R., Bühlmann, T., Huss-Danell, K., Magnusson, B., Myrold,
D. D
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) function and DNA methylation (DNAme) are typically correlated with gene repression. Here, we show that PRC2 is required to maintain expression of maternal microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) from the Gtl2-Rian-Mirg locus, which is essential for full pluripotency of iPSCs. In the absence...
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Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells
Partha Pratim Das, David A. Hendrix, Effie Apostolou, Alice H. Buchner
Ecological restoration programs often attempt to maintain or enhance ecosystem services (ES), but fine-scale
maps of multiple ES are rarely available to support prioritization among potential projects. Here we use agency
reports, citizen science, and social media as data sources to quantify the spatial distribution of five recreational
elements of...
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priorities in the Laurentian Great
Lakes
J David Allan1*†, Sigrid DP Smith1†, Peter B McIntyre2, Christine
The Leguminosae has emerged as a model for studying angiosperm plastome evolution because of its striking diversity of structural rearrangements and sequence variation. However, most of what is known about legume plastomes comes from few genera representing a subset of lineages in subfamily Papilionoideae. We investigate plastome evolution in subfamily...
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repeat expansions, and accelerated
rate of evolution in clpP
Diana V. Dugas1, David Hernandez1, Erik J.M
To determine how well DNA barcodes from the chloroplast region perform in forest dynamics plots
(FDPs) from global CTFS-ForestGEO network, we analyzed DNA barcoding sequences of 1277 plant
species from a wide phylogenetic range (3 FDPs in tropics, 5 in subtropics and 5 in temperate zone)
and compared the rates...
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discrimination via
DNA barcoding: evidence from
global forest dynamics plots
Nancai Pei1,2, David L. Erickson3
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) function and DNA methylation (DNAme) are typically correlated with gene repression. Here, we show that PRC2 is required to maintain expression of maternal microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) from the Gtl2-Rian-Mirg locus, which is essential for full pluripotency of iPSCs. In the absence...
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Pratim Das, David A. Hendrix, Effie
Apostolou, ..., Konrad Hochedlinger,
Jonghwan Kim, Stuart H. Orkin
Ecological restoration programs often attempt to maintain or enhance ecosystem services (ES), but fine-scale
maps of multiple ES are rarely available to support prioritization among potential projects. Here we use agency
reports, citizen science, and social media as data sources to quantify the spatial distribution of five recreational
elements of...
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T&R sector are shown at right. Economic measures, including GDP and employment, were derived from
Early Holocene summer warmth drove dramatic Greenland ice sheet (GIS) retreat. Subsequent
insolation-driven cooling caused GIS margin readvance to late Holocene maxima, from which ice margins
are now retreating. We use ¹⁰Be surface exposure ages from four locations between 69.4°N and 61.2°N to
date when in the early Holocene south...
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extent
Anders E. Carlson1, Kelsey Winsor2, David J. Ullman1, Edward J. Brook1, Dylan H. Rood3,4,
Yarrow
Emerging application areas such as air pollution in megacities, wind energy, urban security, and operation of unmanned aerial vehicles have intensified scientific and societal interest in mountain meteorology. To address scientific needs and help improve the prediction of mountain weather, the U.S. Department of Defense has funded a research effort—the...
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MATERHORN: Unraveling the Intricacies of Mountain Weather,” by H. J. S. Fernando,
E. R. Pardyjak, S. Di
Using published dairy cattle liver transcriptomics dataset along with novel blood biomarkers of liver function, metabolism,
and inflammation we have attempted an integrative systems biology approach applying the classical functional enrichment
analysis using DAVID, a newly-developed Dynamic Impact Approach (DIA), and an upstream gene network analysis using
Ingenuity Pathway Analysis...
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applying the classical functional enrichment
analysis using DAVID, a newly-developed Dynamic Impact
Large-scale poisoning events are common to scavenging bird species that forage communally,
many of which are in decline. To reduce the threat of poisoning and compensate for other persistent threats,
management, including supplemental feeding, is ongoing for many reintroduced and endangered vulture
populations. Through a longitudinal study of lead exposure...
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Kelly, T. R., Grantham, J., George, D., Welch, A., Brandt, J., Burnett, L. J.,
Sorenson, K. J., Johnson
Organic agriculture requires cultivars that can adapt to organic crop management systems without the use of synthetic
pesticides as well as genotypes with improved nutritional value. The aim of this study encompassing 16 experiments was to
compare 23 broccoli cultivars for the content of phytochemicals associated with health promotion grown...
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van Bueren1, James R. Myers2, Maria João Paulo3,
Fred A. van Eeuwijk3, Ning Zhu4, John A. Juvik4
1
Exotic species dominate many communities; however the functional significance of species’ biogeographic origin remains highly contentious. This debate is fuelled in part by the lack of globally replicated, systematic data assessing the relationship between species provenance, function and response to perturbations. We examined the abundance of native and exotic plant...
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Mortensen, Brent X X
O'Halloran, Lydia R. X X
Pyke, David X
Risch, Anita C. X
Drosophila suzukii (Spotted Wing Drosophila) has recently become a serious invasive pest of fruit crops in the USA, Canada, and Europe, leading to substantial economic losses. D. suzukii is a direct pest, ovipositing directly into ripe or ripening fruits; in contrast, other Drosophilids utilize decaying or blemished fruits and are...
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., Unruh, T. R., Zhou, L. M., Zalom, F. G., Shearer, P. W., Beers, E.
H., ... & Chiu, J. C. (2015). Using
Exotic species dominate many communities; however the functional significance of species’ biogeographic origin remains highly contentious. This debate is fuelled in part by the lack of globally replicated, systematic data assessing the relationship between species provenance, function and response to perturbations. We examined the abundance of native and exotic plant...
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, Brent Mortensen17, Lydia R. O’Halloran49,
David A. Pyke26, Anita C. Risch50, Mahesh Sankaran51, Martin
Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in plant tissue are frequently quantified to make inferences about plant responses to environmental conditions. Laboratories publishing estimates of NSC of woody plants use many different methods to evaluate NSC. We asked whether NSC estimates in the recent literature could be quantitatively compared among studies. We also...
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Watanabe, Danielle A. Way, Lasantha K. Weerasinghe,
Birgit Wild, DavidR. Woodruff
List of Supporting
Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in plant tissue are frequently quantified to make inferences about plant responses to environmental conditions. Laboratories publishing estimates of NSC of woody plants use many different methods to evaluate NSC. We asked whether NSC estimates in the recent literature could be quantitatively compared among studies. We also...
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DavidR. Woodruff45
1CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag 12, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
Background: Prenatal mercury (Hg) exposure is associated with adverse child neurobehavioral
outcomes. Because Hg can interfere with placental functioning and cross the placenta to target the
fetal brain, prenatal Hg exposure can inhibit fetal growth and development directly and indirectly.
Objectives: We examined potential associations between prenatal Hg exposure assessed...
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Neurobehavioral Outcomes
Jennifer Z.J. Maccani, Devin C. Koestler, Barry Lester, E. Andrés Houseman, David A
The 1994 Northwest Forest Plan (NWFP) shifted federal lands management from a focus on timber production to ecosystem management and biodiversity conservation. The plan established a network of conservation reserves and an ecosystem management strategy on ~10 million hectares from northern California to Washington State, USA, within the range of...
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. Kim Nelson 6, Barry R. Noon 7, David Olson 8 and James Strittholt 9
1 Geos Institute, 84-4th Street
Time-series observations are critical to understand the structure, function, and dynamics of marine ecosystems. The Hawaii Ocean Time-series program has maintained near-monthly sampling at Station ALOHA (22°45′N, 158°00′W) in the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) since 1988 and has identified ecosystem variability over seasonal to interannual timescales. To further...
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, Benedetto Barone1,2, Francois Ascani1,3, Robert R. Bidigare1,4,
Matthew J. Church1,2, Daniela A. del
Eukaryotic ribosome biogenesis involves ~200 assembly
factors, but how these contribute to ribosome
maturation is poorly understood. Here, we
identify a network of factors on the nascent 60S subunit
that actively remodels preribosome structure. At its hub is
Rsa4, a direct substrate of the force-generating ATPase
Rea1. We show that...
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. Clark,5 Daniel Schraivogel,1 Martina Kallas,1 Roland Beckmann,4
David Tollervey,3 Elisar Barbar,5 Irmi
Background: Prenatal mercury (Hg) exposure is associated with adverse child neurobehavioral
outcomes. Because Hg can interfere with placental functioning and cross the placenta to target the
fetal brain, prenatal Hg exposure can inhibit fetal growth and development directly and indirectly.
Objectives: We examined potential associations between prenatal Hg exposure assessed...
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Jennifer Z.J. Maccani, Devin C. Koestler, Barry Lester, E. Andrés Houseman, David A.
Armstrong, Karl T
Honey bee colony losses are a major concern in the USA and across the globe. Long-term data on losses
are critical for putting yearly losses in context. US colony loss surveys have been conducted yearly since the winter
of 2006–2007. Here, we report the results from the eighth annual survey...
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, Michael E. WILSON3,
DavidR. TARPY4, Dewey M. CARON5, Robyn ROSE6, Keith S. DELAPLANE7,
Kathy BAYLIS8
BACKGROUND: On the basis of the 2014 guidelines for hypertension therapy in the United States,
many eligible adults remain untreated. We projected the cost-effectiveness of treating
hypertension in U.S. adults according to the 2014 guidelines.
METHODS: We used the Cardiovascular Disease Policy Model to simulate drug-treatment and
monitoring costs, costs...
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-termsofuse
T h e n e w e ngl a nd j o u r na l o f m e dic i n e
n engl j med 372;5 nejm.org
BACKGROUND: On the basis of the 2014 guidelines for hypertension therapy in the United States,
many eligible adults remain untreated. We projected the cost-effectiveness of treating
hypertension in U.S. adults according to the 2014 guidelines.
METHODS: We used the Cardiovascular Disease Policy Model to simulate drug-treatment and
monitoring costs, costs...
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. Moran1,2, Michelle C. Odden3, Anusorn Thanataveerat2, Keane Y. Tzong2, Petra W.
Rasmussen2, David Guzman4
Time-series observations are critical to understand the structure, function, and dynamics of marine ecosystems. The Hawaii Ocean Time-series program has maintained near-monthly sampling at Station ALOHA (22°45′N, 158°00′W) in the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) since 1988 and has identified ecosystem variability over seasonal to interannual timescales. To further...
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Wilson, S. T., Barone, B., Ascani, F., Bidigare, R. R., Church, M. J., Valle, D. A., ...
& Karl, D. M
The terrestrial biosphere sequesters up to a
third of annual anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions,
offsetting a substantial portion of greenhouse
gas forcing of the climate system. Although a number
of factors are responsible for this terrestrial carbon
sink, atmospheric nitrogen deposition contributes by
enhancing tree productivity and promoting carbon
storage...
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sequester soil carbon in temperate
forests
S.D. Frey1, S. Ollinger1,2, K. Nadelhoffer3, R. Bowden4, E
Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. Existing global databases of species’ threat status or population time series are dominated by charismatic species. The collation of datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents, and that...
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Lysenko4, Adriana
De Palma1,4, Helen R. P. Phillips1,4, Rebecca A. Senior2, Dominic J. Bennett4, Hollie
The relative influences of trans-Pacific and regional atmospheric transport on measured concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), PAH derivatives [Nitro- (NPAH) and Oxy-(OPAH)], organic carbon (OC), and Particulate Matter (PM) less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM₂.₅) were investigated in the Pacific Northwest, USA in 2010-2011. Ambient high volume PM₂.₅...
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-Bothell for atmospheric
pollutant and meteorological data for MBO and David Yu of
OSU for performing the
OBJECTIVE: The associations of some risk factors with cardiovascular disease (CVD) are attenuated in
older age; whereas others appear robust. The present study aimed to compare CVD risk factors across
older age. METHODS: Participants (n = 4883) in the Cardiovascular Health Study free of prevalent CVD,
were stratified into three...
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, H. E., Katz, R., Kearney, P. M., Defilippi,
C., Shastri, S., ... & Newman, A. B. (2014). Risk
The exchange of carbon dioxide is a key measure of ecosystem metabolism and a critical intersection
between the terrestrial biosphere and the Earth’s climate. Despite the general agreement that
the terrestrial ecosystems in North America provide a sizeable carbon sink, the size and distribution
of the sink remain uncertain. We...
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://cdss.library.oregonstate.edu/sa-termsofuse
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BACKGROUND: After 2 decades of focused efforts to eradicate polio, the impact of eradication activities on health
systems continues to be controversial. This study evaluated the impact of polio eradication activities on routine immunization
(RI) and primary healthcare (PHC).
METHODS: Quantitative analysis assessed the effects of polio eradication campaigns on...
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Primary
Health Care: A Mixed-Methods Study
Closser, S., Cox, K., Parris, T. M., Landis, R. M., Justice
In the future, Earth will be warmer, precipitation events will be more extreme, global mean sea level will rise, and many arid and semiarid regions will be drier. Human modifications of landscapes will also occur at an accelerated rate as developed areas increase in size and population density. We now...
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., Brad Murray, A., Pierce, J. L., Bierman, P. R., Breshears, D. D.,
Crosby, B. T., ... & Yager, E. M
Climate-driven changes in biotic interactions can profoundly alter ecological
communities, particularly when they impact foundation species. In marine systems,
changes in herbivory and the consequent loss of dominant habitat forming species can
result in dramatic community phase shifts, such as from coral to macroalgal
dominance when tropical fish herbivory decreases,...
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Ballesteros6, Kenneth L. Heck Jr.7, David J.
Booth2,8, , Melinda A. Coleman9, David A. Feary2,8, Will
We developed a new climate-sensitive vegetation state-and-transition simulation
model (CV-STSM) to simulate future vegetation at a fine spatial grain commensurate
with the scales of human land-use decisions, and under the joint influences of changing
climate, site productivity, and disturbance. CV-STSM integrates outputs from four different
modeling systems. Successional changes in...
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for local land management
Yospin, G. I., Bridgham, S. D., Neilson, R. P., Bolte, J. P., Bachelet, D
Meta-analyses of field studies have shown that biomass, density, species richness, and size of organisms protected by no-take marine reserves generally increase over time. The magnitude and timing of changes in these response variables, however, vary greatly and depend upon the taxonomic groups protected, size and type of reserve, oceanographic...
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Project R/OPCFISH‐13B), the David and Lucile
Packard Foundation (http://www.packard.org/), the
Keith
Seascape ecology is an emerging discipline focused on understanding how features of the marine habitat influence the
spatial distribution of marine species. However, there is still a gap in the development of concepts and techniques for its
application in the marine pelagic realm, where there are no clear boundaries delimitating...
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.
CRC, Boca Raton, Forida: Chapman & Hall.
32. Burnham, Kenneth P. and Anderson, DavidR. (2002) Model
Eucalypts are the world’s most widely planted hardwood trees. Their outstanding diversity, adaptability and growth have
made them a global renewable resource of fibre and energy. We sequenced and assembled >94% of the 640-megabase
genome of Eucalyptus grandis. Of 36,376 predicted protein-coding genes, 34% occur in tandem duplications, the largest...
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, Diane Bauer5, David M. Goodstein5, Inna Dubchak5, Alexandre Poliakov5,
Eshchar Mizrachi1,2, Anand R. K
The Plant Ontology Consortium (POC, http://www.plantontology.org) is a collaborative effort
among model plant genome databases and plant
researchers that aims to create, maintain and
facilitate the use of a controlled vocabulary
(ontology) for plants. The ontology allows users to
ascribe attributes of plant structure (anatomy and
morphology) and developmental stages...
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and David Selinger and Arthur
Lane from Pioneer Hi-Bred International companies, and
users who have
Background: Prenatal mercury (Hg) exposure is associated with adverse child neurobehavioral
outcomes. Because Hg can interfere with placental functioning and cross the placenta to target the
fetal brain, prenatal Hg exposure can inhibit fetal growth and development directly and indirectly.
Objectives: We examined potential associations between prenatal Hg exposure assessed...
Full Text:
Neurobehavioral Outcomes
Jennifer Z.J. Maccani,1 Devin C. Koestler,2 Barry Lester,3,4,5 E. Andrés Houseman,6 David
Interpretation of ice core trace gas records depends on an accurate understanding of the
processes that smooth the atmospheric signal in the firn. Much work has been done to understand the
processes affecting air transport in the open pores of the firn, but a paucity of data from air trapped...
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. Rhodes1, Joseph R. McConnell9, Michael Sigl9, Olivia Maselli9, Stephanie Gregory8,
and Jinho Ahn10