Much uncertainty exists about the state of the oceanic and atmospheric circulation in the tropical Pacific over the last glacial cycle. Studies have been hampered by the fact that sediment cores suitable for study were concentrated in the western and eastern parts of the tropical Pacific, with little information from...
Much uncertainty exists about the state of the oceanic and atmospheric circulation in the tropical Pacific over the last glacial cycle. Studies have been hampered by the fact that sediment cores suitable for study were concentrated in the western and eastern parts of the tropical Pacific, with little information from...
Altimeter sea surface height (SSH) fields are analyzed to define and discuss the seasonal circulation
over the wide continental shelf in the SW Atlantic Ocean (27°–43°S) during 2001–2012. Seasonal variability
is low south of the Rio de la Plata (RdlP), where winds and currents remain equatorward for most of
the...
Altimeter sea surface height (SSH) fields are analyzed to define and discuss the seasonal circulation
over the wide continental shelf in the SW Atlantic Ocean (27°–43°S) during 2001–2012. Seasonal variability
is low south of the Rio de la Plata (RdlP), where winds and currents remain equatorward for most of
the...
The abundance of microbial life and the sources of energy necessary for deep subsurface microbial communities remain enigmatic. Here we investigate deep microbial processes and their potential relationships to tectonic events in sediments from the Nankai Trough offshore Japan, drilled and sampled during IODP (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program) Expedition 316....
The abundance of microbial life and the sources of energy necessary for deep subsurface microbial communities remain enigmatic. Here we investigate deep microbial processes and their potential relationships to tectonic events in sediments from the Nankai Trough offshore Japan, drilled and sampled during IODP (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program) Expedition 316....
Time-series observations are critical to understand the structure, function, and dynamics of marine ecosystems. The Hawaii Ocean Time-series program has maintained near-monthly sampling at Station ALOHA (22°45′N, 158°00′W) in the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) since 1988 and has identified ecosystem variability over seasonal to interannual timescales. To further...
Time-series observations are critical to understand the structure, function, and dynamics of marine ecosystems. The Hawaii Ocean Time-series program has maintained near-monthly sampling at Station ALOHA (22°45′N, 158°00′W) in the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) since 1988 and has identified ecosystem variability over seasonal to interannual timescales. To further...
Interpretation of ice core trace gas records depends on an accurate understanding of the
processes that smooth the atmospheric signal in the firn. Much work has been done to understand the
processes affecting air transport in the open pores of the firn, but a paucity of data from air trapped...
Interpretation of ice core trace gas records depends on an accurate understanding of the
processes that smooth the atmospheric signal in the firn. Much work has been done to understand the
processes affecting air transport in the open pores of the firn, but a paucity of data from air trapped...
BACKGROUND: On the basis of the 2014 guidelines for hypertension therapy in the United States,
many eligible adults remain untreated. We projected the cost-effectiveness of treating
hypertension in U.S. adults according to the 2014 guidelines.
METHODS: We used the Cardiovascular Disease Policy Model to simulate drug-treatment and
monitoring costs, costs...
BACKGROUND: On the basis of the 2014 guidelines for hypertension therapy in the United States,
many eligible adults remain untreated. We projected the cost-effectiveness of treating
hypertension in U.S. adults according to the 2014 guidelines.
METHODS: We used the Cardiovascular Disease Policy Model to simulate drug-treatment and
monitoring costs, costs...
BACKGROUND: On the basis of the 2014 guidelines for hypertension therapy in the United States,
many eligible adults remain untreated. We projected the cost-effectiveness of treating
hypertension in U.S. adults according to the 2014 guidelines.
METHODS: We used the Cardiovascular Disease Policy Model to simulate drug-treatment and
monitoring costs, costs...
Eukaryotic ribosome biogenesis involves ~200 assembly
factors, but how these contribute to ribosome
maturation is poorly understood. Here, we
identify a network of factors on the nascent 60S subunit
that actively remodels preribosome structure. At its hub is
Rsa4, a direct substrate of the force-generating ATPase
Rea1. We show that...
Eukaryotic ribosome biogenesis involves ~200 assembly
factors, but how these contribute to ribosome
maturation is poorly understood. Here, we
identify a network of factors on the nascent 60S subunit
that actively remodels preribosome structure. At its hub is
Rsa4, a direct substrate of the force-generating ATPase
Rea1. We show that...
We use autonomous gas measurements to examine the metabolic balance (photosynthesis
minus respiration) of coastal Antarctic waters during the spring/summer growth season. Our observations
capture the development of a massive phytoplankton bloom and reveal striking variability in pCO₂ and
biological oxygen saturation (ΔO₂/Ar) resulting from large shifts in community metabolism...
We use autonomous gas measurements to examine the metabolic balance (photosynthesis
minus respiration) of coastal Antarctic waters during the spring/summer growth season. Our observations
capture the development of a massive phytoplankton bloom and reveal striking variability in pCO₂ and
biological oxygen saturation (ΔO₂/Ar) resulting from large shifts in community metabolism...
We use autonomous gas measurements to examine the metabolic balance (photosynthesis
minus respiration) of coastal Antarctic waters during the spring/summer growth season. Our observations
capture the development of a massive phytoplankton bloom and reveal striking variability in pCO₂ and
biological oxygen saturation (ΔO₂/Ar) resulting from large shifts in community metabolism...
Climate-driven changes in biotic interactions can profoundly alter ecological
communities, particularly when they impact foundation species. In marine systems,
changes in herbivory and the consequent loss of dominant habitat forming species can
result in dramatic community phase shifts, such as from coral to macroalgal
dominance when tropical fish herbivory decreases,...
Climate-driven changes in biotic interactions can profoundly alter ecological
communities, particularly when they impact foundation species. In marine systems,
changes in herbivory and the consequent loss of dominant habitat forming species can
result in dramatic community phase shifts, such as from coral to macroalgal
dominance when tropical fish herbivory decreases,...
Capture-recapture studies offer a powerful tool to assess abundance, survival and population rate of change (λ). A previous capture-recapture study, based on DNA profiles, estimated that the IUCN-listed Endangered Oceania population of humpback whales had a superpopulation size of 4329 whales (95% confidence limits, CL: 3345, 5315) and λ =...
Capture-recapture studies offer a powerful tool to assess abundance, survival and population rate of change (λ). A previous capture-recapture study, based on DNA profiles, estimated that the IUCN-listed Endangered Oceania population of humpback whales had a superpopulation size of 4329 whales (95% confidence limits, CL: 3345, 5315) and λ =...
Hydroacoustic data document the occurrence of 5 flare clusters and several single flares from which bubbles rise through the entire water column from an active seep site at 40 m water depth in the central North Sea. We investigated the difference in dissolved methane distributions along a 6 km transect...
Hydroacoustic data document the occurrence of 5 flare clusters and several single flares from which bubbles rise through the entire water column from an active seep site at 40 m water depth in the central North Sea. We investigated the difference in dissolved methane distributions along a 6 km transect...
We investigated dissolved methane distributions along a 6 km transect crossing active seep sites at 40 m water depth in the central North Sea. These investigations were done under conditions of thermal stratification in summer (July 2013) and homogenous water column in winter (January 2014). Dissolved methane accumulated below the...
We investigated dissolved methane distributions along a 6 km transect crossing active seep sites at 40 m water depth in the central North Sea. These investigations were done under conditions of thermal stratification in summer (July 2013) and homogenous water column in winter (January 2014). Dissolved methane accumulated below the...
Large amount of organic carbon is stored in high latitude soils. A substantial proportion of this carbon stock is vulnerable and may decompose rapidly due to temperature increases that are already greater than the global average. It is therefore crucial to quantify and understand carbon exchange between the atmosphere and...
Large amount of organic carbon is stored in high latitude soils. A substantial proportion of this carbon stock is vulnerable and may decompose rapidly due to temperature increases that are already greater than the global average. It is therefore crucial to quantify and understand carbon exchange between the atmosphere and...
A large amount of organic carbon is stored in high-latitude soils. A substantial proportion of this carbon stock is vulnerable and may decompose rapidly due to temperature increases that are already greater than the global average. It is therefore crucial to quantify and understand carbon exchange between the atmosphere and...
A large amount of organic carbon is stored in high-latitude soils. A substantial proportion of this carbon stock is vulnerable and may decompose rapidly due to temperature increases that are already greater than the global average. It is therefore crucial to quantify and understand carbon exchange between the atmosphere and...
The Plant Ontology Consortium (POC, http://www.plantontology.org) is a collaborative effort
among model plant genome databases and plant
researchers that aims to create, maintain and
facilitate the use of a controlled vocabulary
(ontology) for plants. The ontology allows users to
ascribe attributes of plant structure (anatomy and
morphology) and developmental stages...
The Plant Ontology Consortium (POC, http://www.plantontology.org) is a collaborative effort
among model plant genome databases and plant
researchers that aims to create, maintain and
facilitate the use of a controlled vocabulary
(ontology) for plants. The ontology allows users to
ascribe attributes of plant structure (anatomy and
morphology) and developmental stages...
The Plant Ontology Consortium (POC, http://www.plantontology.org) is a collaborative effort
among model plant genome databases and plant
researchers that aims to create, maintain and
facilitate the use of a controlled vocabulary
(ontology) for plants. The ontology allows users to
ascribe attributes of plant structure (anatomy and
morphology) and developmental stages...
The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) regulates bile acid, lipid and glucose metabolism. Here we show that treatment of mice with glycine-β-muricholic acid (Gly-MCA) inhibits FXR signalling exclusively in intestine, and improves metabolic parameters in mouse models of obesity. Gly-MCA is a selective high-affinity FXR inhibitor that can be administered orally...
The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) regulates bile acid, lipid and glucose metabolism. Here we show that treatment of mice with glycine-β-muricholic acid (Gly-MCA) inhibits FXR signalling exclusively in intestine, and improves metabolic parameters in mouse models of obesity. Gly-MCA is a selective high-affinity FXR inhibitor that can be administered orally...
The relative influences of trans-Pacific and regional atmospheric transport on measured concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), PAH derivatives [Nitro- (NPAH) and Oxy-(OPAH)], organic carbon (OC), and Particulate Matter (PM) less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM₂.₅) were investigated in the Pacific Northwest, USA in 2010-2011. Ambient high volume PM₂.₅...
The relative influences of trans-Pacific and regional atmospheric transport on measured concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), PAH derivatives [Nitro- (NPAH) and Oxy-(OPAH)], organic carbon (OC), and Particulate Matter (PM) less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM₂.₅) were investigated in the Pacific Northwest, USA in 2010-2011. Ambient high volume PM₂.₅...
Trophic interactions within and among species vary widely across spatial scales and species’ ontogeny. However, the drivers and implications of this variability are not well understood. Juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha have a wide distribution, ranging from northern California to the eastern Bering Sea in North America, but it is...
Trophic interactions within and among species vary widely across spatial scales and species’ ontogeny. However, the drivers and implications of this variability are not well understood. Juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha have a wide distribution, ranging from northern California to the eastern Bering Sea in North America, but it is...
To determine how well DNA barcodes from the chloroplast region perform in forest dynamics plots
(FDPs) from global CTFS-ForestGEO network, we analyzed DNA barcoding sequences of 1277 plant
species from a wide phylogenetic range (3 FDPs in tropics, 5 in subtropics and 5 in temperate zone)
and compared the rates...
To determine how well DNA barcodes from the chloroplast region perform in forest dynamics plots
(FDPs) from global CTFS-ForestGEO network, we analyzed DNA barcoding sequences of 1277 plant
species from a wide phylogenetic range (3 FDPs in tropics, 5 in subtropics and 5 in temperate zone)
and compared the rates...
Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS) including Fanconi anemia, dyskeratosis congenita, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, and Shwachman-Diamond syndrome are rare genetic disorders characterized by hematologic complications and increased risk of cancer. Patients and their families likely experience obstacles in obtaining sufficient health information given their disorders’ rarity. To investigate this possibility, we...
Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS) including Fanconi anemia, dyskeratosis congenita, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, and Shwachman-Diamond syndrome are rare genetic disorders characterized by hematologic complications and increased risk of cancer. Patients and their families likely experience obstacles in obtaining sufficient health information given their disorders’ rarity. To investigate this possibility, we...
Background:
Mapping and map-based cloning of genes that control agriculturally and economically important traits remain great challenges for plants with complex highly repetitive genomes such as those within the grass tribe, Triticeae. Mapping limitations in the Triticeae are primarily due to low frequencies of polymorphic gene markers and poor genetic...
Background:
Mapping and map-based cloning of genes that control agriculturally and economically important traits remain great challenges for plants with complex highly repetitive genomes such as those within the grass tribe, Triticeae. Mapping limitations in the Triticeae are primarily due to low frequencies of polymorphic gene markers and poor genetic...
Resolving the debate surrounding the nature and controls of seasonal variation in the structure and metabolism of Amazonian rainforests is critical to understanding their response to climate change. In situ studies have observed higher photosynthetic and evapotranspiration rates, increased litterfall and leaf flushing during the Sunlight-rich dry season. Satellite data...
Resolving the debate surrounding the nature and controls of seasonal variation in the structure and metabolism of Amazonian rainforests is critical to understanding their response to climate change. In situ studies have observed higher photosynthetic and evapotranspiration rates, increased litterfall and leaf flushing during the Sunlight-rich dry season. Satellite data...
There is a lack of consensus regarding the roles of sulfide saturation versus volatile degassing on the partitioning of Cu and Ag during differentiation and eruption of convergent margin magmas. Because of their oxidized character, volatile-rich magmas from the Eastern Manus Back-arc Basin (EMBB) only reach sulfide saturation following magnetite-driven...
There is a lack of consensus regarding the roles of sulfide saturation versus volatile degassing on the partitioning of Cu and Ag during differentiation and eruption of convergent margin magmas. Because of their oxidized character, volatile-rich magmas from the Eastern Manus Back-arc Basin (EMBB) only reach sulfide saturation following magnetite-driven...
There is a lack of consensus regarding the roles of sulfide saturation versus volatile degassing on the partitioning of Cu and Ag during differentiation and eruption of convergent margin magmas. Because of their oxidized character, volatile-rich magmas from the Eastern Manus Back-arc Basin (EMBB) only reach sulfide saturation following magnetite-driven...