Increased penetration of renewable energy sources results in higher operating reserve requirements, due to the inherent variability and uncertainty of these resources. Many studies, primarily focusing on wind and solar, have determined that geographic diversity of variable renewables substantially reduces system variability and uncertainty. The Pacific Northwest is well suited...
Interest in renewable energy is on the rise, in both grid-connected operations and research projects. Major types of renewable energy include: wind, solar, wave, tidal, biomass, and geothermal. The majority are variable, non-dispatchable sources, which can have a negative impact on reserve requirements. This study focused on determining the optimal...