The initiation of ice in an isolated orographic wave cloud was compared with expectations based on ice nucleating aerosol concentrations and with predictions from new ice nucleation parameterizations applied in a cloud parcel model. Measurements of ice crystal number concentrations were found to be in good agreement both with measured...
Airborne measurements over the northern Pacific are
evaluated to characterize properties of black carbon (BC) in
cirrus crystal residuals and background aerosols in the upper
troposphere. Although the mass and number concentrations
of BC were 7–25 times lower in crystal residuals than in
particles outside of cloud, twice as many...