Despite a relative decline in the size of Oregon's
sheep industry, the problem of sheep depredation remains
a serious economic and environmental dilemma in need of
objective examination and innovative solutions. An investigative
report on the problem as it occurs in Benton County
can contribute to the information required to...
The annual growth rate for the Corvallis-Benton County
area has traditionally been higher than the growth rate for the
State of Oregon. Corvallis is considered to be one of the most
densely settled communities in the state. Since 1972, Corvallis
has experienced a drastic decline in the number of housing...
The crawfish enterprise of South Louisiana is shown to haveexpanded as much as 18-fold since the 1950's. It is estimated(1973) that there are about 44,000 acres of managed crawfish ponds.Of the 334 ponds identified and mapped in the thesis, 231 are classedas open ponds, 45 as rice field ponds, and...
Local property-owning residents maintain high levels of interest
and awareness regarding a neighboring natural resource complex.
Factors, however, such as proximity, personal interests, use patterns
and economic considerations cause local inhabitants to have an
inaccurate perception of the natural resource complex. The nature
of local resident perception can be analyzed...
Floods and ensuing damage have always been a problem for man.
Initial reaction to the frequent destruction was to avoid siting
permanent domiciles on flood-prone lands. As a result of increasing
population and pressure for development, flood control structures
were built. Instead of reducing flood losses, however, flood control
projects...
The Late Spring Secondary Precipitation Maximum in the
Interior Pacific Northwest results from a complex system of climatic
controls. The Secondary Maximum is most strongly developed over the
high plateau of Oregon immediately in the lee of the Cascade
Mountains. Local topographic
organization exerts strong control
over the magnitude and...
Many of the natural resource problems facing man in the present
era are so large and complicated that no one discipline provides an
adequate approach for their solutions. As an example, the relationships
of man to the land resource base can best be understood when
they are considered holistically rather...
During the Colonial Period, in Mexico there was no rational
forest development policy and, as a result, forest resources were
squandered and to a considerable extent destroyed. During the
Nineteenth Century, a rational forest policy began to be promoted, but
in the end, it was translated into a policy of...
The history of fire between 1850 and 1977 in a portion of the
Willamette National Forest in-the central Western Cascades of Oregon was
documented using historical sources. Three types of records were
available: (1) records and writings not primarily concerned with fire
but yielding information about fire in context with...
The role of weather in influencing tourist-recreation visitation
to the Oregon coast during the six-month summer season of May
through October has been investigated by this research. In addition,
the normal day-to-day fluctuations in coastal visitation has been
determined.
Based upon the normal visitation, the tourist-recreation season
on Oregon's coast...
The land tenure system in the United States contains a variety
of tenure types. A major characteristic of this tenure system is the
continual change of tenure types within a given region. As these tenure
types change, problems of a cultural, economic, and legal nature
are created and interact with...
The identification and mapping of surface cover types
within Crater Lake National Park, Oregon, has been effectively
completed through the utilization of LANDSAT digital
data and NASA U-2 color infrared aerial photography. Classification
of LANDSAT data for surface cover type identification
and mapping was accomplished through use of the
Interactive...
A Stream Reach Inventory and Channel Stability Evaluation procedure has been used to assess the nature and extent of erosional nonpoint sources of pollution in the Evans Creek basin, a tributary to the Rogue River, in southwestern Oregon. The study is based upon the results of the Oregon Department of...
This thesis research consists of an investigation of the human
influences on wildlife in Belize. The study was accomplished by the
collection and analysis of data with respect to land use, habitat
characteristics, and wildlife status in Belize. Requirements and
status of many species are tabulated in order to give...
A study to determine the relationship between plant species and eight terrain variables and between thirty-one vegetation types
and the terrain variables was conducted in a 4, 000 square mile area
south and east of Tucson, Arizona. The eight terrain variables
included elevation, parent material, macrorelief, landform type,
drainage density,...
Bayocean sand spit lies along the northern Oregon coast
approximately 70 miles south of the Columbia River. Work was
begun on the construction of a large recreational resort on the spit
in the early 1900's. At the outset, the resort appeared to have a
promising future. However, a three-year delay...
The need to preserve Oregon's estuaries has been expressed
through the Land Conservation and Development Commission's Estuarine
Resources Goal 16. The first use of the mitigation guideline set forth
in this goal is in the Coos Bay estuary. The proposed North Bend
Airport runway extension will fill 32 acres (13...
This study examines a limited number of selected themes in
Judeo-Christian, or Western, religious thought and their implications
for man's use of land, with the objective of discovering the influence
of Western religion on attitudes toward nature and land.
Five themes are examined: dominion of man; stewardship; contempt
for, and...
This study evaluates the Earth Resources Technology Satellite-
One (ERTS-1) multispectral scanner (MSS) as a means of predicting
lacustrine trophic state and the magnitude of selected trophic state
indicators.
Numerical classificatory methods are employed to ascertain the
trophic character of 100 lakes in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan,
and New York using...
This research deals with the problem of soil erosion in Cypress
Creek basin in West Tennessee and farmer participation in public
conservation programs. The study area is marginal to the
Tennessee Valley, a region identified in the 1930's as having a serious
agricultural soil erosion problem. The four voluntary programs...
Several empirical formulas that may be used to estimate available
chilling are presented in this study. Many climatic parameters
were considered in the derivation of these formulas. One equation
employing only maximum and minimum temperatures had a coefficients
of correlation (R) and R² values of .978 and .957, respectively. This...
The developmental patterns of five fuel resources located within
the state of Wyoming are examined through time and in relation to
several factors external to the location of the fuels. An historic
description and inventory of the five fuels: petroleum; natural gas;
oil shale; coal; uranium are presented. External factors...
The feasibility of utilizing LANDSAT MSS data in assessing surface cover types and areal extent of clearcut and shelterwood cut harvest sites in southern Oregon was investigated. The research utilized extensive 'ground truth' information to evaluate the LANDSAT data. A three faceted ground truth collection scheme analyzed 1) U.S. Forest...
The spatial organization of farm units in Polk and Linn counties
in the mid-Willamette Valley has undergone significant change over
the past 30 years. Whereas most study areas operations in the
1930's and 1940's consisted of small family owned farms with contiguous
land bases, present mid-Willamette Valley units vary considerably...
The Farm Enterprise Committee of the Confederated Tribes of
the Umatilla Indian Reservation requested that an evaluation be made
of the Reservation land resource for the purpose of acquisition by the
Tribe as a part of a study of the feasibility of an expanded farm
enterprise. The Committee's primary goal...
Use of backcountry areas in winter by crosscountry skiers, snowshoers, climbers, snowmobilers and others has increased rapidly in the Mt. Hood area of Oregon in recent years. With this increase in use a larger segment of the user population is being exposed to potential a.,pl.H11 Winger. purpose of this study...
The degree to which camping is related to selected characteristics of river terraces along the Rogue Waterway, Oregon has been analyzed. Previous attempts to formulate models relating campsite choice to characteristics of the natural environment focused on camping parties engaged in auto-camping and the aggregate population behavior rather than on...
Importance of tenure structures is often ignored in agricultural
development planning in India. Emphasis instead is commonly
placed on agro-techniques for increasing productivity to meet the
growing needs of food supply. To evaluate the affects of institutionalized
tenure structure on agricultural efficiency, two pairs of contiguous
districts from Madhya Pradesh,...
In recent years the conversion of agricultural lands to more
intensive non-rural land uses has become a focus of increasing public
awareness and concern. The growing attention to farmland conversion
is manifested in increasing public policies and legilsation to protect
agricultural and forestry land uses. Nevertheless, our understanding
of the...
The physical characteristics and spatial location of
land are hypothesized to be significant inputs to its
valuation. This research evaluates the influence of
locational, economic, and physical site variables on the
assessed value of real property.
Evaluation of such influences is based on a stratified
systematic sample of land parcels...
Three kkeeyy variables are examined to determine their influence on
the process of community planning at Corvallis, Oregon. These are
(1) the setting of priorities, (2) organization and (3) external
reference. Interactions of goals program participants were recorded
as the community responded to comply with Oregon Senate Bill #100's
requirement...
A statistical analysis of extreme chinooks in Montana as they
relate to large scale atmospheric circulation changes is the subject
of this thesis.
A mean chinook situation was identified which indicated that a
critical pattern of the surface flow always contained a Polar or
Arctic airmass which overspread the prairie...
Physical, chemical and bacterial water quality parameters of
the upper Wallowa River were sampled periodically between July 2,
1978 and June 9, 1979 at nine stream and lake sampling sites. Water
upstream from Wallowa Lake was typified by low nutrient concentrations
( generally below detectable limits except for nitrates), low....
The wetlands are distinguished from other lands of the Mid-Willamette Valley by excessive soil moisture. The wetlands, as defined for this study, consist of 20 soil series (in 22 soil mapping units) which are classified by the Soil Conservation Service as having excessive wetness as the major factor limiting their...
Problem areas identified are: The needs a) to develop curve
fitting procedures to estimate flood flow distributions; b) to
incorporate precipitation data into frequency analysis procedures;
and c) to better define flood potentials for ungauged streams.
Closely related to the above, it is noted that variables commonly
used to estimate...
The objective of this paper is to examine the
differences in personality between Cannon Beach and Seaside,
Oregon The problem is approached by examining the physical
setting, historical background and a segment of the attraction
mix of each community The combination of site characteristics
and historical development has played an...
In the Pacific Northwest snow is an important natural resource. The inability to accurately measure or monitor this resource throughout remote areas is a hindrance to water management. ERTS-1 imagery provides the capability for extracting a significant amount of scientific information and data regarding snow conditions in accessible and inaccessible...
The arts and festivals of art have today become a vital economic
force in some areas of the country and a way of life for some people.
The number and sizes of festivals, as well as audience size, has
grown tremendously both nationally and in Oregon, since 1950. Even
the...
Oregon's minimum stream flow program
attempts to preserve adequate flows of water for
the instream needs of aquatic life and pollution
abatement. Conflicts with consumptive uses of
water have indicated that improvements are needed
in the program. The conflicts are explored and
specific improvements suggested.
Based on a pilot study completed near Heceta
Beach, Oregon, guidelines have been proposed for
the development of Oregon coastal sand areas.
The guidelines, in the form of performance standards
are designed with respect to the variability of
coastal sand areas. Landscape units and vegetation
associations were grouped to reflect...
Marion County had a 1976 cash receipt from all farm products
amounting to $110,429,000. Much of this farm value was produced on the
county's 410,350 acres of class I through IV soils. These soils, regardless
of productivity, also have potential for a variety of other
non-farm uses. It is this...
Signification temperature differences were found to exist among three similarly situated stations in the Mid-Willamette Valley of Oregon. The stations were McMinnville, Salem, and Corvallis. Factors known to influence temperatures were compared with the temperature differences of the stations using available weather data. Factors examined included elevation, latitude, cloud cover,...
Joseph Reddeford Walker conducted
a party of men across the Sierra Nevada to the
Pacific coast of California in 1833. Previous
interpretations of the portion of the route
from Humboldt Sink, Nevada, to the San Joaquin
River, California, are not satisfactory. A
body of descriptions of the terrain traversed
exists...
Data from the southern Cascade Mountains of
Oregon has been collected for application in computer
analysis of snowfields. Vegetation type, canopy
cover, slope, aspect, insolation, and snowfield
ground truth delineation are given consideration.
In addition, a procedure for transferral of data
onto Landsat imagery was derived.
Since the mid-1950's, when Western Kraft Corporation
began operation of a pulp and paper processing plant north of Albany,
Oregon, inhabitants of the Albany area have faced an air pollution
nuisance.
This study is an attempt to add empirical substance to the complaint
that air pollution reduces land values. The...
The rapid population growth and related economic
growth of the Willamette Valley has resulted in a significant
reduction in air quality over the past several decades.
Within the Willamette Valley air ventilation is very poor and
therefore the airpo1lutton potential is one of the highest
in the United States. There...
When considering acreage and the number of cadasters
certain land use functions in the Merlin Irrigation District dominate.
The majority of the cadasters in the district are ten acres or less.
Approximately twice an many land owners in the district were willing
to purchase water than those who were not....
The Minerals Yearbook and the Census
of Minerals Industries' statistics lack detail,
completeness, and accuracy concerning stone and
sand and gravel in Oregon and are therefore
deficient in their utility. The lack of detail and
completeness causes extreme difficulty in comparing
varied field-checked statistics. The inaccuracy
of the data concerning...
There is a wide variety of developed, undeveloped
and proposed outdoor recreation areas and facilities in
Benton County. Recreation areas and facilities are supplied
by federal, state, county, city and private agencies.
Each agency plans for recreation development independently.
The Benton County Parks Department and the city of Corvallis
use...
Cascade Locks, Oregon, has chosen tourism as a means of
revitalizing its economy with its 1) accessibility to Interstate
80N, 2) attractive location in the Columbia River Gorge, and 3) availability
as a source of needed services (food and fuel). The Port
of Cascade Locks has financed the Marine Park,...
Increasing wilderness use, and the uneven distribution
of use within wilderness areas, have contributed to management
problems. Problems associated with some heavily visited areas are
in conflict with the intent of the Wilderness Act of 1964. One of
the constraints hindering optimal management has been the decentralized
nature of the...
Flood plain regulations are one of six major adjustments
used to cope with flood hazard in the United States. This adjustment
was essentially neglected in the national flood hazard policies
until Congress enacted the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968.
The implementation of regulations, as called for in the Act,...
The two classic theories of the distribution of
cities in an urban system are the rank size rule
and central place theory. The rank size relationships,
as incorporated into G. K. Zipf's Principle
of Least Effort, is seen as the result of a balancing
of the opposing forces of urban...
Stream channel stability for two tributaries of Rock Creek in the
Oregon Coast Range is evaluated by application of a Stream Reach Inventory.
Stability nomographs are constructed for graphical analysis of
erosion potential. Results indicate that channel stability can be
classified. One stream is rated as 'Poor' in resistance to...
Beef cattle ranches provide a substantial portion of income in
Oregon. Range beef cattle ranches are located on land having relatively
low productivity and value. The ranches of interest for this study were
among the largest and most extensive in the state.
The purpose of the study was to examine...
An unique opportunity to investigate wind flow
patterns and calm air patterns arose from the acquisition
of a survey by Clarence L. Smalley on air flow patterns in
the San Francisco Bay area from 1952 through 1955. An
analysis was made of the wind patterns and calms in the study...
An inventory of existing land use maps developed by Oregon county planning departments has been made through use of questionnaires and interviews. The degree of consistency has been examined with regard to the types of base maps, scales, projections, base information, and classification schemes employed. Recommendations have been made for...
A study conducted along the Lincoln County, Oregon coast
delineated the exact location of 153 landslides. The landslides were
found through the interpretation of aerial photographs. Each landslide
was verified in the field and its class (ancient, historic, recent),
type (slump, debris slide or flow, planar slide), and status (stable,...
A method for analyzing growth of an urban area is
developed. Albany, Oregon, from 1936 to 1975 was used as a test
case. The method employs the use of remotely sense imagery
combined with an analysis of selected physical characteristics
of the land being urbanized. The study consists of an...
Recreational activity is growing faster than facilities can be built to keep up with demand. This is evident during periods of peak use such as the summer for water based activities and the winter for snow related pursuits. During these periods of intense use, many recreationalists cannot
find the facilities...
In selecting the site for a new school, a school
district must consider four basic characteristics of a good
site: size, physical features, location and costs. The size
must be adequate to meet the state minimum standards and
provide for future expansion. The physical features, soil,
relief and slope should...
Since the inception of white settlement, Oregon man-forest
relationships have progressively matured. The 1971 Forest Practices
Act is the culmination to date of increasing societal concern for the
protection of the forest environment and the conservation of its
resources. The Act has resulted in an increased employment of forest
practices...
Aquaculture of oysters has never obtained the economic importance in Oregon as it has in other coastal states. There are at present seven commercial culturists in Oregon. The two oysters cultured are the Crassostrea gigas and the Ostrea lurida.
Since oysters do not naturally spawn in Oregon waters the spat,...
The term Euclidean zoning is derived from the famous case
of Euclid vs. Ambler Realty Company in which the U.S. Supreme
Court upheld the right of the town of Euclid to zone land on the
basis of land use categories (e.g. residential, commercial, and
industrial). Since Euclid, the field of...
The Holdridge model of ecological classification is applied to the state of Oregon resulting in a life zone map. Vegetation maps are employed to evaluate the units defined by the model. The life zone map collates with vegetation maps and the patterns appear quite rational.
The Upper Kiamath Valley and Klamath Marsh areas of
south-central Oregon comprise the summer range for a modern
system of transhumance agriculture. Approximately 72,000
head of cattle are annually trucked from these relatively
small Kiamath pastures to winter pastures scattered throughout
the Sacramento Valley. Field research indicates that
the development...
Small hydroelectric development, the construction or reconstruction
of small scale hydropower systems, has become a much discussed alternative
for the future supply of U.S. energy. In the Pacific Northwest,
the greatest potential for small hydro application is in the development
of new dam sites. Although much is known about the...
High-altitude color infrared photography is found to be
an effective tool for forest inventory in the Umpqua National Forest
of southwestern Oregon. Intelligent resource management requires
the rapid, accurate, and economical inventory results that can be
supplied by remote sensing. Color infrared film is shown to possess
properties that make...
The economy of Douglas County, Oregon, is heavily dependent
upon the wood products industry, which is supported primarily
by the timber resources within the county. Much of the related
adjacent land along Steamboat Creek and a section of the North
Umpqua River is currently managed by federal and private landowners...
The main concern of this paper is to study the changes
that have occurred in the structure of the agricultural land base during
the last twenty-two years. Deuel County, Nebraska, was chosen as
the problem area being representative of the national trends. It was
found that the main means of...
Several environmental and cultural factors were studied to
explain the distribution of western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis Hook.)
in an area one mile northwest of Millican, Oregon. In the study area juniper
grows densely on upper south slopes and only sparsely occurs on upper
north slopes. Juniper moisture stress was found...
In attempting to provide modern water and
sewerage services to the non-indigenous inhabitants of
Canadian Arctic communities, engineering modifications are
necessary owing to the presence of a continuous permafrost
zone and a severe climate. Modifications are constraints
on communities in that the costs of providing water and
sewerage services are...
The Willamette Valley in Oregon produces over
90% of the Highland bentgrass seed produced in the United
States. Approximately two-thirds of this production comes
from a well-defined area on the eastern edge of the Waldo
Hills, east of Salem. This concentration seems to be
related to a set of physical...
There are certain circumstances where the zoning
ordinance must be modified to be just. The modifiers studied
for this paper were conditional use permits, special exceptions,
and variances. Philomath, Corvallis, and Benton
County, Oregon were the jurisdictions used for the study area.
It was determined that the exceptions to the...
Between 1967 and 1973, California, Oregon,
and Washington all established state-wide systems for
the preservation of land in its natural state. These
set aside parcels of land may be termed as Natural
Area Preserves. The history of each state's public
systems, different establishment procedures, and
management policies are discussed.
Sea tide heights predicted one year
in advance are manipulated to give accelerations
in centimeters per second per kilometer for the
distances San Francisco to Humboldt Bay and
Humboldt Bay to Astoria. Comparison of these
accelerations to various earth-moon-sun lineups
shows the accelerations are controlled by the
29.53 day lunar...
The utilization of pre-existing military
structures and facilities to serve as a resource base for
an incorporated city is a unique situation posing several
problems for the new city of Adair Village. The resultant
land uses from the disposal of Adair AFS provide little
economic opportunities so the residents are...
The objectives of this paper are (1) to apply
certain techniques for evaluation of social impacts in
a small community situation, and (2) to determine
whether or not the selected techniques are useful for
measuring the impact on community cohesion of a rapid
increase in single family housing in a...
The Salem and Eugene-Springfield Urban Areas are faced with the
task of managing the flood plain lands which lie near them. In
the past, flood plain usage was not regulated and many dollars worth
of damage has occurred to land and structures. This type of thinking
is now changing, and...
If wind power is to become a viable energy alternative, a rapid and reliable cost effective methodology must be established, whereby large areas can be surveyed for windy sites and those sites can be evaluated. Based primarily on locating wind deformed vegetation, this paper establishes the feasibility of using air...
Public Trust Doctrine. is a legal theory substantive enough for private citizens to utilize as a comprehensive legal approach to resource management problems. The doctrine is ultimately derived from the notion of governmental responsibility to hold lands in trust for beneficial use by the public.
The governmental title to lands...
The need to control irreversible conversions of
prime agricultural lands to urban land uses has come to light
in recent years. Resulting policy statements by the State of
Oregon and federal agencies have added support to this
premise. Nevertheless, inefficient conversions of agricultural
to idle lands in response to urban...
The proposed Santiam Bar Natural Area Preserve
is located at the confluence of the Luckiamute, Santiam,
and Willamette Rivers in Polk and Marion Counties, Oregon,
It is situated on a peninsula supporting riparian and lower
terrace vegetation and associated wildlife. Former use
included forestry and agriculture. Present and proposed use...
Farm Use Assessment used as a planning tool to preserve
farmland in Oregon has achieved mixed success. While some land enrolled
in the program (especially near urban areas) has been converted to nonfarm
use, the majority of land has not. However, this may be due to
lack of '1opportunity profits"...
The cities of Corvallis and Philomath, Oregon,
have, over the last three decades, grown both spatially
and in numbers of people. This study examines the
attractions and constraints to growth between the two
cities. The most notable constraint to growth is the
fact that the soils in the study area...
The proposed construction of a four lane road, the
Salem Parkway, was evaluated regarding the potential environmental
impacts its location would have upon biotic resources and water
quality. Due to existing commitment of the study area to urbanization
and agriculture, only limited environmental sensitivity was observed
overall. It was found...
Recent judicial decisions give the
treaty Indians in Oregon the right to fifty
percent of the fish destined to reach their
fishing areas. Oregon fish resource managers
are considering various regulation options designed
to assure the Indians their share.
Stricter ocean fishing regulations and more
sophisticated management techniques will have...
Disposal of solid wastes in sanitary landfills presents potential problems of ground water contamination. The most conman contaminants are leachate and dissolved gas. Oregon has implemented a ground water quality monitoring program at selected landfills. Objectives are to protect the state1 s ground water resource and complement regulatory and enforcement...
When land use issues are voted upon directly by the people, or by
the legislators who represent them, the outcome often reveals a discrepancy
based on population density. Urban-suburban areas tend to
support regulation, while rural areas tend to oppose it. The residents
of Clackamas County have voted on two...
Until recently, manufacturing in
the Portland Metropolitan Area was highly
concentrated in the central city, with little
industrial activity in the periphery of the
urban area except for primary processing of
timber and agricultural resources. However,
in recent years, especially within the last
decade, industrial activity has spilled well
beyond...
Planning for the visual resource has always been difficult
because of the complex nature of the subject matter. Recent federal
legislation has generated a large amount of research on the problem
of scenic measurement. Using an adaptation of a visual analysis
system used by the Forest Service, a fourteen square...
Rivers are becoming increasingly popular recreation
resources as land and water use competition intensifies. The
first river basin board in Nova Scotia was formed to manage
the Shubenacadie-Stewiake Rivers under multiple use objectives.
The board required an estimation of the recreation resources
of the Stewiake River and after a review...
The objective of this paper is to evaluate the
current development of the Willamette River Park and.
Recreation System, and to investigate the opposition to
that development.
The first section deals with a history of the project.
The phases of development are explained in detail. The
second section is an...
The surface mining of coal has accelerated in
northwest Colorado to the point where public pressure
plus impending state and federal regulations dictate the
need for comprehensive reclamation plans. A large coal
company operating in Moffat County has solicited recommendations
concerning soils, hydrogeology, geomorphology,
aesthetics, wildlife, vegetation, microclimatology, and
legal...
The preservation of land, such as wetlands and agricultural
lands, is often pursued through traditional methods such as zoning or
eminent domain. Transferable Development Rights provides a different
approach to the preservation of land by allowing the sale and transfer
of development rights from land to be protected to land...