Cellulosic biomass materials have three principal
components: cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Under
mild acid conditions and high temperature, the first two
components yield a variety of sugars: hexoses and pentoses,
which are subject to decomposition on continued exposure to
hot dilute acid. In the process hexoses yield
hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) which,...
The bacterium most frequently used in microbial
leaching processes and studies is Thiobacillus
ferrooxidans. Applications of this bacterium include the
treatment of coal, low-grade ores and industrial solid
wastes for the solubilization of pyrite and other trace
metals associated with sulfides. The goal of this study
was the development of...
Hemicellulose hydrolyzate contains many carbohydrate
fractions, the most abundant being xylose, arabinose, and
glucuronic acid. Under mild acid conditions (0.025 -
0.10 M sulfuric acid) and high temperatures (140°C to
200°C) the first two components form furfural through a
series of dehydration reactions. Unlike xylose and
arabinose, glucuronic acid must...
The effect of over-oxidation on periodate oxidation
of cellulose was studied. It was found that the over-oxidation
process has a significant effect on the overall
reaction. An integrated rate equation was formulated.
The oxidation of internal glucose units is second-order
overall, first order with respect to both periodate and
cellulose;...
Measurable surface parameters which may be related to the response evoked upon contact with biofluids have been suggested to provide direction for characterization, prediction, and ultimate control of biofluid behavior at interfaces. With respect to fouling of heat exchange equipment by biofluids, such properties may be useful for the development...
Illinois coal ground to 80-200 mesh was leached
with a low phosphate, high nitrogen medium containing a
mixture of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and thiooxidans in a
fluidized bed. Coal slurries of 20-160 g/L were treated
in a 5 cm ID, 9.5 m high continuous loop bioreactor with
crossovers at top and...
The Murderers Creek Area, within the Aldrich Mountain province of
northeast Oregon, originated in an arc-trench gap during Permian-early
Triassic time. The area represents a small portion of a forearc
depositional basin and tectonic highland which borders the basin along
its seaward margin. The trench associated with an east dipping...
The purpose of this study was to provide the USDA-Forest Service,
Bureau of Land Management (BLM), and other agencies or industries
that may deal with temporary and intermittent use roads with
the necessary background information for the identification, economic
evaluation, and selection of the alternate surfacing systems and to
determine...