Index Catalog // ScholarsArchive@OSU

Numerical experiments on the effects of a meridional ridge on the transmission of energy by barotropic Rossby waves

Creator:: Matano, Ricardo P.
Abstract:: Analytical and numerical models are used to study the effects of a meridional ridge on the propagation of barotropic Rossby waves produced by distant wind stress forcing. The analytical model illustrates the qualitative aspects of the problem by solving a simplified form of the potential vorticity equation. The analytical results...
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Chlorophyll enchancement and mixing associated with meanders of the shelf break front in the Mid-Atlantic Bight

Creator:: Ryan, J. P., Yoder, J. A., Barth, John A., and Cornillon, P. C.
Abstract:: Meanders of the shelf break front in the Mid-Atlantic Bight (MAB) during April and May of 1997 were associated with chlorophyll enhancement along a hydrographic and a topographic feature. The hydrographic feature was the surface outcrop of the front, which ranged from ~10 to >100 km seaward of the shelf...
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Drifter observations of a cold filament off Point Arena, California, in July 1988

Creator:: Swenson, Mark S., Niiler, Pearn P., Brink, Kenneth H., and Abbott, Mark R.
Abstract:: We use the position fixes and temperature readings from 56 Tristar-II mixed-layer drifters, in conjunction with advanced very high resolution radiometer images, to provide a description of the mesoscale variability of the flows associated with cold-water filaments in the California Current system off northern California in July 1988. We find...
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Tidal and atmospheric forcing of the upper ocean in the Gulf of California, Part 2: Surface heat flux

Creator:: Paden, Cynthia A., Winant, Clinton D., and Abbott, Mark R.
Abstract:: Satellite infrared imagery and coastal meteorological data for March 1984 through February 1985 are used to estimate the net annual surface heat flux for the northern Gulf of California. The average annual surface heat flux for the area north of Guaymas and Santa Rosalia is estimated to be +74 W...
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Seasonal and non-seasonal variability of satellite-derived surface pigment concentration in the California Current

Creator:: Strub, P. Ted, James, Corinne, Thomas, A. C., and Abbott, Mark R.
Abstract:: Satellite-derived pigment concentrations from the west coast time series (WCTS) are averaged into monthly mean fields over the California Current system (CCS) for the period July 1979 to June 1986. Errors caused by the scattering algorithm used in the WCTS are reduced by an empirical correction function, although winter values...
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Mixing of chlorophyll from the Middle Atlantic Bight cold pool into the Gulf Stream at Cape Hatteras in July 1993

Creator:: Wood, A. Michelle, Sherry, Nelson D., and Huyer, Adriana, 1945-
Abstract:: In July 1993 we collected hydrographic data and information on chlorophyll distribution on the continental shelf north of Cape Hatteras and across the shelf break at Cape Hatteras. The data show that a warm, transparent mixed layer lies over much colder, euphotic, chlorophyll-rich bottom water on the shelf. This layer...
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Location and dynamics of the Antarctic Polar Front from satellite sea surface temperature data

Creator:: Moore, J. Keith, Abbott, Mark R., and Richman, James G.
Abstract:: The location of the Antarctic Polar Front (PF) was mapped over a 7-year period (1987-1993) within images of satellite-deprived sea surface temperature. The mean path of the PF is strongly steered by the topographic features of the Southern Ocean. The topography places vorticity constraints on the dynamics of the PF...
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Observations of Phytoplankton and Nutrients from a Lagrangian Drifter off Northern California

Creator:: Abbott, Mark R., Brink, Kenneth H., Booth, D. R., Blasco, Dolors, Codispoti, L. A., Niiler, Pearn P., and Ramp, Steven R.
Abstract:: A Lagrangian drifter was deployed in a cold filament off northern California as part of the Coastal Transition Zone program. The drifter was equipped with an optical package (consisting of a spectroradiometer, a fluorometer, and a beam transmissometer) suspended at 8.5-m depth and a water sampler suspended at 16.3-m depth....
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Photosynthetic Characteristics and Estimated Growth Rates Indicate Grazing Is the Proximate Control of Primary Production in the Equatorial Pacific

Creator:: Cullen, John J., Lewis, Marlon R., Davis, Curtiss O., and Barber, Richard T.
Abstract:: Macronutrients persist in the surface layer of the equatorial Pacific Ocean because the production of phytoplankton is limited; the nature of this limitation has yet to be resolved. Measurements of photosynthesis as a function of irradiance (P-I) provide information on the control of primary productivity, a question of great biogeochemical...
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Scales of variability of bio-optical properties as observed from near-surface drifters

Creator:: Abbott, Mark R., Brink, Kenneth H., Booth, C. R., Blasco, Dolors, Swenson, Mark S., Davis, Curtiss O., and Codispoti, L. A.
Abstract:: A drifter equipped with bio-optical sensors and an automated water sampler was deployed in the California Current as part of the coastal transition zone program to study the biological, chemical, and physical dynamics of the meandering filaments. During deployments in 1987 and 1988, measurements were made of fluorescence, downwelling irradiance,...
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An interlaboratory comparison of techniques for extracting and analyzing trapped gases in ice cores

Creator:: Sowers, Todd, Brook, Edward J., Etheridge, David, Blunier, Thomas, Fuchs, Andreas, Leuenberger, Markus, Chappellaz, Jerome, Barnola, Jean Marc, Wahlen, Martin, Deck, Bruce, and Weyhenmeyer, Connie
Abstract:: We undertook an interlaboratory comparison of techniques used to extract and analyze trapped gases in ice cores. The intercomparison included analyses of standard reference gases and samples of ice from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) site. Concentrations of CO₂, CH₄, the δ¹⁸O of O₂, the δ¹⁵N of N₂,...
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Horizontal transport and the distribution of nutrients in the coastal transition zone off Northern California: effects on primary production, phytoplankton biomass and species composition

Creator:: Chavez, Francisco P., Barber, Richard T., Kosro, P. Michael, 1951-, Huyer, Adriana, 1945-, Ramp, Steven R., Stanton, Timothy P., and Rojas de Mendiola, Blanca
Abstract:: Conductivity‐temperature‐depth surveys during 1988 encountered strong baroclinic jets that were evident in acoustic Doppler current profiler and hydrographic data. During June and July 1988 a filament with high surface nitrate, high chlorophyll, abundant populations of neritic centric diatoms, and higher rates of primary production was evident perpendicular to the coast...
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Estimation of surface winds from upward looking acoustic doppler current profilers

Creator:: Brown, J., Barton, E.D., Trasvina, A., Velez, H.S., Kosro, P. Michael, 1951-, and Smith, Robert L. (Robert Lloyd), 1935-
Abstract:: Three upward looking acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCP) were deployed beneath meteorological buoys in the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico, during winter 1988-1989. Hourly averaged wind speed data from the buoys and from ship when in the vicinity were compared with surface acoustic backscatter intensity recorded at the ADCPs. The backscatter...
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Offshore wind forcing in the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico: the asymmetric circulation

Creator:: Trasviña, A., Barton, E.D., Brown, J., Velez, H.S., Kosro, P. Michael, 1951-, and Smith, Robert L. (Robert Lloyd), 1935-
Abstract:: Since the early surveys carried out by the Eastern Tropical Pacific (EASTROPIC) and Scripps Tuna Oceanographic Research (STOR) projects in the tropical Pacific off Mexico, the northerly winds which blow over the Gulf of Tehuantepec were described as an Important factor controlling the dynamics of this coastal ocean. In January-February...
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Sea surface drag coefficients in the Risø Air Sea Experiment

Creator:: Mahrt, Larry, Vickers, Dean, Howell, Jim, Hojstrup, Jorgen, Wilczak, James M., Edson, Jim, and Hare, Jeffrey
Abstract:: This study examines the dependence of the computed drag coefficient on wind speed, stability, fetch, flux sampling problems, and method of calculation of the drag coefficient. The analysis is applied to data collected at a tower 2 km off the coast of Denmark during the Risø Air Sea Experiment (RASEX)....
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Energy-containing scales of turbulence in the ocean thermocline

Creator:: Moum, James N.
Abstract:: From measurements of the energy‐containing scales of turbulence in the ocean thermocline, two new formulations are examined: (1) an inviscid estimate for the viscous dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy and (2) a mixing length estimate for the turbulent heat flux. These formulations are tested using coincident measurements of the...
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An optimized design for a moored instrument array in the tropical Atlantic Ocean

Creator:: Hackert, Eric C., Miller, Robert N., and Busalacchi, Antonio J.
Abstract:: This paper presents a series of observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) which are intended as a design study for a proposed array of instrumented moorings in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. Fields of TOPEX/Poseidon sea surface height anomalies are subsampled with the goal being reconstruction of the original fields through the...
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Internal waves under the Arctic pack ice during the Arctic Internal Wave Experiment: The coherence structure

Creator:: Levine, Murray D.
Abstract:: The spectral composition of internal gravity waves under the Arctic pack ice during the Arctic Internal Wave Experiment (AIWEX) was found to be strikingly different from observations at lower latitudes. Time series of vertical displacement were inferred from horizontal and vertical arrays of temperature and conductivity sensors. Frequency spectra indicate...
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Boussinesq modeling of a rip current system

Creator:: Chen, Qin, Dalrymple, Robert A., Kirby, James T., Kennedy, Andrew B., and Haller, Merrick C.
Abstract:: In this study, we use a time domain numerical model based on the fully nonlinear extended Boussinesq equations [Wei et al., 1995] to investigate surface wave transformation and breaking-induced nearshore circulation. The energy dissipation due to wave breaking is modeled by introducing an eddy viscosity term into the momentum equations,...
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The variation in the inherent optical properties of phytoplankton near an absorption peak as determined by various models of cell structure

Creator:: Zaneveld, J. Ronald and Kitchen, James C.
Abstract:: Optical oceanography models of attenuation and scattering properties often contain simple spectral relationships. Electromagnetic theory, however, predicts fluctuations in the spectra of the attenuation coefficients and scattering properties of substances at wavelengths near an absorption peak. We have modeled these effects for phytoplankton using homogeneous, two‐layered, and three‐layered sphere models...
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Error in predicting hydrosol backscattering from remotely sensed reflectance

Creator:: Weidemann, A. D., Stavn, R. H., Zaneveld, J. Ronald, and Wilcox, M. R.
Abstract:: Monte Carlo simulations are carried out to determine the error in the inversion of backscattering from remotely sensed reflectance when geometrical shape factors of the light field are assumed to be unity. The results show that error in backscattering inversion can vary from a 40% overestimation to a 20% underestimation...
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On the noncorrelation of the vertical structure of light scattering and chlorophyll α in case I waters

Creator:: Kitchen, James C. and Zaneveld, J. Ronald
Abstract:: The relationships between beam attenuation, absorption, suspended particle concentration, size distribution and pigment content are examined for a region where the particle concentration and pigment maxima are widely separated. Mie scattering analyses are performed on this data to predict the profiles of backscattering. It was found that absorption and scattering...
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Wave variance partitioning in the trough of a barred beach

Creator:: Howd, Peter A., Oltman-Shay, Joan, and Holman, Robert A.
Abstract:: The wave-induced velocity field in the nearshore is composed of contributions from incident wind waves (f > 0.05 Hz), surface infragravity waves (f < 0.05 Hz, lkl < (σ²/gβ) and shear waves (f < 0.05 Hz, lkl > σ²/gβ), where ƒ is the frequency, σ = 2πf, k is the...
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Edge waves in the presence of strong longshore currents

Creator:: Howd, Peter A., Bowen, Anthony J., and Holman, Robert A.
Abstract:: A form of the linear, inviscid shallow water wave equation which includes alongshore uniform, but cross-shore variable, longshore currents and bathymetry is presented. This formulation provides a continuum between gravity waves (either leaky or edge waves) on a longshore current, and the recently discovered shear waves. In this paper we...
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Surface patterns in temperature, flow, phytoplankton biomass, and species composition in the coastal transition zone of northern California

Creator:: Hood, Raleigh R., Abbott, Mark R., Huyer, Adriana, 1945-, and Kosro, P. Michael, 1951-
Abstract:: Satellite thermal imagery and in situ biological and physical data are presented that describe the spatial variability of phytoplankton biomass and species composition in relation to the physical structure at the sea surface during persistent upwelling off northern California. Surface patterns in temperature, geostrophic velocity, chlorophyll, and particle size structure...
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Phytoplankton pigment patterns and wind forcing off central California

Creator:: Abbott, Mark R. and Barksdale, Brett
Abstract:: We use a 4-year time series of high-resolution coastal zone color scanner imagery to study mesoscale variability in phytoplankton pigment (as a surrogate for biomass) distributions off central California during the spring–summer upwelling season. We use empirical orthogonal functions to decompose the time series of spatial images into its dominant...
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Phytoplankton and photosynthetic light response in the coastal transition zone off northern California in June 1987

Creator:: Hood, Raleigh R., Abbott, Mark R., and Huyer, Adriana, 1945-
Abstract:: In June 1987 the geostropic flow in the coastal transition zone off northern California (between 50 and 150 km off the coast from Point Reyes to just north of Cape Mendocino) was dominated by a well-defined, southward-meandering current. Three vertical sections are presented that show the hydrographic structure of the...
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Tidal and atmospheric forcing of the upper ocean in the Gulf of California: Part 1. Sea surface temperature variability

Creator:: Paden, Cynthia A., Abbott, Mark R., and Winant, C. D.
Abstract:: Two years of satellite infrared imagery (1984–1986) are used to examine the sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the northern Gulf of California. Empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) of the temporal and spatial SST variance for 20 monthly mean images show that the dominant SST patterns are generated by spatially varying...
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Statistical properties of near surface currents in the California coastal transition zone

Creator:: Brink, K. H., Beardsley, R. C., Niiler, Pearn P., Abbott, Mark R., Huyer, Adriana, 1945-, Ramp, S., Stanton, T., and Stuart, D.
Abstract:: During the summers of 1987 and 1988, 77 near-surface satellite-tracked drifters were deployed in or near cold filaments near Point Arena, California (39ºN), and tracked for up to 6 months as part of the Coastal Transition Zone (CTZ) program. The drifters had large drogues centered at 15 m, and the...
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The structure of the transition zone between coastal waters and the open ocean off northern California, winter and spring 1987

Creator:: Kosro, P. Michael, 1951-, Huyer, Adriana, 1945-, Ramp, S. R., Smith, Robert L. (Robert Lloyd), 1935-, Chavez, F. P., Cowles, Timothy J., Abbott, Mark R., Strub, P. Ted, Barber, R. T., Jessen, P., and Small, Lawrence F.
Abstract:: Physical and biological fields in the coastal transition zone off northern California were measured during February, March, May and June 1987 in an extended alongshore region between 60 km and 150 km offshore. The spring transition, as seen in coastal sea level and winds, occurred in mid-March. Surface variability during...
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Estimate of bottom and surface stress during a spring-neap tide cycle by dynamical assimilation of tide gauge observations in the Chesapeake Bay

Creator:: Spitz, Yvette and Klinck, J. M.
Abstract:: Dynamical assimilation of surface elevation from tide gauges is investigated to estimate the bottom drag coefficient and surface stress as a first step in improving modeled tidal and wind-driven circulation in the Chesapeake Bay. A two-dimensional shallow water model and an adjoint variational method with a limited memory quasi-Newton optimization...
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Estimation of Time Averages from Irregularly Spaced Observations: With Application to Coastal Zone Color Scanner Estimates of Chlorophyll Concentration

Creator:: Chelton, Dudley B. and Schlax, Michael C.
Abstract:: A formalism is presented for quantifying the sampling error of an arbitrary linear estimate of a time-averaged quantity constructed from a time series of irregularly spaced observations at a fixed location. The method is applicable to any irregularly sampled time series; it is applied here to satellite observations of chlorophyll...
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The sea state bias in altimeter estimates of sea level from collinear analysis of TOPEX data

Creator:: Chelton, Dudley B.
Abstract:: The wind speed and significant wave height (H1/3) dependencies of the sea state is in altimeter estimates of sea level, expressed in the form ∆hSSB=bH1/3, are examined from least squares analysis of 21 cycles of collinear TOPEX data. The bias coefficient b is found to increase in magnitude with increasing...
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Correction to "Aliased tidal errors in TOPEX/POSEIDON sea surface height data”

Creator:: Schlax, Michael G. and Chelton, Dudley B.
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Aliased tidal errors in TOPEX/POSEIDON sea surface height data

Creator:: Schlax, Michael G. and Chelton, Dudley B.
Abstract:: Alias periods and wavelengths for the M2, S2, N2, K1, O1, and P1 tidal constituents are calculated for TOPEX/POSEIDON. Alias wavelengths calculated in previous studies are shown to be in error, and a correct method is presented. With the exception of the K1 constituent, all of these tidal aliases for...
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Detecting aliased tidal errors in altimeter height measurements

Creator:: Schlax, Michael G. and Chelton, Dudley B.
Abstract:: A simple statistic is derived for quantifying the potential for the aliasing of tidal errors in a given linear estimate of sea surface height constructed from altimeter data. The existence of M2 tidal constituent errors in Geosat data processed in the traditional way (i.e., with orbit errors removed using least...
Resource Type:: Article

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