This article examines the strategies used by directors of the East German film monopoly Deutsche Film-Aktiengesellschaft (DEFA) to voice their disapproval of the Berlin Wall.1 My aim is to show how it was possible, despite universal censorship in East Germany, to create films that addressed the wall as an inhumane...
Abstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate librarians' attitudes towards instruction in virtual reference transactions and to review relevant literature.
Design/methodology/approach – Librarians who provide virtual reference services are surveyed about attitudes towards providing instruction via virtual reference software. In addition to gathering demographic information respondents...
Near the bottom, the velocity profile in the bottom boundary layer over the continental
shelf exhibits a characteristic law-of-the-wall that is consistent with local estimates of
friction velocity from near-bottom turbulence measurements. Farther from the bottom, the
velocity profile exhibits a deviation from the law-of-the-wall. Here the velocity gradient
continues...
Discusses the development and evolution of the Bibliotherapy Evaluation Tool to help graduate counseling students use literature in therapy ethically and appropriately. A survey of bibliotherapeutic practice in the helping professions is provided. Graduate students showed greater knowledge of and comfort with bibliotherapy after exposure to a teaching module and...
Tidal phenomena in the Indonesian
seas are among the most complex in the
world. Complicated coastal geometries
with narrow straits and myriad small islands,
rugged bottom topography next to
wide shelves of shallow water, and large
quantities of tidal power input from the
adjoining Indian and Pacific Oceans—all
combine to...
This translation consists of excerpts from a book on Jiao Juyin, who was a distinguished director of Chinese spoken drama. The selections translated here highlight Jiao's two principal theories: the Theory of Mental Images and "On Nationalizing Spoken Drama." The first represents his adaptation of the Stanislavsky system; the second...
Coarse woody debris (CWD), represented by logs and snags >10 cm in diameter and >1 m in length, was sampled at eight sites in Russian boreal forests to determine the specific density of decay classes and decomposition rates. Tree species sampled included Abies siberica Ledeb., Betula pendula Roth., Betula costata...
There are several assumptions regarding the behavior and motivations of participants in fishery management that may hinder the effectiveness of the management process. In this research, we examine whether the commercial fishing industry is a homogeneous group whose decision-making is dominated by short-term economic considerations to the detriment of long-term...
Use of Granier-style heat dissipation sensors to measure sap flow is common in plant physiology, ecology and hydrology. There has been concern that any change to the original Granier design invalidates the empirical relationship between sap flux density and the temperature difference between the probes. Here, we compared daily water...
We compare the oceanic circulation patterns over the
Southwestern Atlantic Shelf (SWAS) forced by nine
different wind stress climatologies. The largest differences
are observed in experiments forced with the Hellerman
and Rosenstein [1983, hereafter HR83] and Trenberth
et al. [1990, hereafter TR90] winds. HR83 shows a
general northeastward flow near...
The objective of this study was to compare the shear strength of structural composite lumber (SCL) based on shear block to that of shear strength based on torsion test. Shear blocks in two diflcrent orientations fom laminated veneer lumber, parallel strand lumber, and laminated strand lumber (LSL) were tested and...
An error in the calculation of the baroclinic pressure gradient term in the Princeton Ocean Model (POM) was identified while modeling the M₂ tidal current near its critical latitude in the southern Weddell Sea. The error arises from the present calculation of density, which involves the subtraction of a background...
This article is part of a collection of articles dealing with the endeavors and projects of support staff in Oregon libraries. Describes an ordinary workday at a specialized academic branch library.
Observations of air and ground temperatures collected between 1993 and 2004 from Emigrant Pass Geothermal Climate Observatory in northwestern Utah are analyzed to understand the relationship between these two quantities. The influence of surface air temperature (SAT), incident solar radiation, and snow cover on surface ground temperature (SGT) variations are...
A high prevalence of vertebral deformities has been observed in various fishes, especially cyprinids, from certain regions of the Willamette River for many years. One proposed source of these deformities is exposure to toxicants. Histological evaluation of affected chiselmouth Acrocheilus alutaceus revealed that all lesions associated with vertebrae were associated...
Recent comparative studies across sex-changing animals have found that the relative size and age at sex change are strikingly invariant. In particular, 91%–97% of the variation in size at sex change across species can be explained by the simple rule that individuals change sex when they reach 72% of their...
Distributed temperature data are used as input and
as calibration data for an energy based temperature model
of a first order stream in Luxembourg. A DTS (Distributed
Temperature Sensing) system with a fiber optic cable of
1500m was used to measure stream water temperature with
1m resolution each 2 min....
A new instrument package for measuring physical (temperature, salinity, and depth) as well as optical (absorption and attenuation at nine wavelength) parameters using SCUBA is described. The package is attached to the SCUBA bottle and allows for sampling very close to the sediment–water and water–air interfaces. This package can also...
A fluorescent dye tracer was injected into the
pycnocline on the Oregon shelf at a depth of 9–10 m. It
spread rapidly cross-shelf as two distinct layers, one above
the other in the water column, split by interleaving dye-free
water. The vertical scale of these layers, and associated
density steps,...
Sandbars are ubiquitous, yet not well understood
beach features that change their position and shape in
response to changing wave conditions. We propose and test
a simple empirical model consisting of two coupled linear
differential equations that represents bar dynamics in terms
of wave forcing and two other state variables:...
Oregon State University’s recent response to the crisis in scholarly communications recognizes that teaching faculty must be involved in communicating an appropriate response to their faculty colleagues. As authors, editors, and peer reviewers, direct faculty action can encourage publishers to lower costs and can enhance the availability of research. The...
On 3 April 2001, a 20 kg point source of fluorescein dye was released 30 m above the bottom of the active summit caldera of Vailulu’u submarine volcano, Samoa. Vailulu’u crater is 2000 m wide and at water depths of 600–1000 m, with the bottom 200 m completely enclosed; it...
The Alpine fault is the Pacific-Australian plate boundary in the South Island of New Zealand. This study analyzes 195 earthquakes recorded during the 6 month duration of the Southern Alps Passive Seismic Experiment (SAPSE) in 1995/1996 and two M₁. 5.0 earthquakes and aftershocks in 1997, which occurred close to the...
A new apparatus is presented that is capable of applying a constant fluid pressure at inflow and outflow boundaries. The apparatus can be refilled during operation and does not rely on an overflow mechanism. The device is constructed of two vessels, one that contains the delivered fluid and the other...
Ice core records show atmospheric methane mixing ratio and interpolar gradient varying with climate. Changes in wetland sources have been implicated as the basis for this observed variation in the record, but more recently, modeling studies suggest that changes in the CH₄ sink resulting from changes in sea surface temperature...
Global seasonal cycles of the wind and wind stress fields estimated from the 8-yr record (September 1999–August 2007) of wind measurements by the NASA Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) are presented. While this atlas, referred to here as the Scatterometer Climatology of Ocean Winds (SCOW), consists of 12 variables, the focus here...
A new model of the marine ecosystem coupled into a global Earth System Climate Model suitable for long-term (multimillennial timescale) simulations is presented. The model is based on nitrate as the sole limiting nutrient. Prognostic equations for nutrients, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and detritus are solved online in the three-dimensional ocean circulation...
Wireless networking equipment was installed on three research vessels and at three shore stations during the 1998 Thin Layers Experiment in East Sound, Washington. This wireless network provided high-speed data communication between scientists on separate vessels and permitted rapid transfer of data from vessels and from moored instruments to a...
A critical seasonal event for anadromous Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) is the time at which adults migrate from the ocean to breed in freshwater. We investigated whether allelic variation at the circadian rhythm genes, OtsClock1a and OtsClock1b, underlies genetic control of migration timing among 42 populations in North America. We...
Measuring the effectiveness of library instruction poses many challenges, yet is essential to validating the time and energy dedicated to it. Over two years, how subject specific library instruction addressed the needs of the students, the instructor and the librarians was studied. Students were surveyed; librarians analyzed their research paper...
An ensemble local hydrologic forecast derived from the seasonal forecasts of the International Research Institute for Climate Prediction (IRI) is presented. Three-month seasonal forecasts were used to resample historical meteorological conditions and generate ensemble forcing datasets for a TOPMODEL-based hydrology model. Eleven retrospective forecasts were run at Florida and New...
The Oregon State University Mars MM5 was used in a comprehensive high-resolution study of northern polar summertime circulations. Three simulations (Ls = 120, Ls = 135, and Ls = 150) characterize the changing circulation. The atmosphere is dry, and model dynamics are hydrostatic. A modified TES thermal inertia map provides...
The distribution and range of the greater sage-grouse Centrocercus urophasianus have been reduced by 56% since the European settlement of western North America. Although there is an unprecedented effort to conserve the species, there is still considerable debate about the vegetation composition and structure required for nesting and brood-rearing habitat....
The propagation of incident coastal-trapped waves in the Gulf of California is investigated using a hydrostatic
primitive equation model. The behavior of idealized incident wave disturbances with different amplitudes and
time scales is examined. The incident wave disturbances propagate northward up-gulf along the east side with
no significant change. At...
The effects of wind-forced upwelling and downwelling on the continental shelf off Duck, North Carolina, are studied through experiments with a two-dimensional numerical primitive equation model. Moored and shipboard measurements obtained during August–November 1994 as part of the Coastal Ocean Processes (CoOP) Inner Shelf Study (ISS) are used for model–data...
This is the second part of a modeling study of wind-forced flow on the continental shelf off northern California in the region (37°-40°N) of the Coastal Ocean Dynamics Experiment (CODE). Gan and Allen [2002] analyzed the shelf flow response to idealized wind stress forcing in a process-oriented study. The study...
A two-part modeling study of the wind-forced flow on the continental shelf off
northern California in the region (37°–40°N) of the Coastal Ocean Dynamics Experiment
(CODE) is pursued. This paper involves a process-oriented study with idealized wind
stress forcing. Gan and Allen [2002] involves forcing with observed winds and heat...
Intraseasonal precipitation variability over the northeast Pacific warm pool during June–October in the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Atmosphere Model 2.0.1 with a relaxed Arakawa–Schubert convection parameterization is found to be strongly sensitive to wind-induced variations in surface latent heat flux. A control simulation with interactive surface fluxes produces...
The Garrett–Munk (GM) spectrum continues to be a useful description of the oceanic internal wave field. However, there are several inconsistencies and ambiguities that make it difficult to use in comparing internal wave fields at different latitudes, stratifications, and water depths. A modified spectral formulation is presented that treats three...
The Oregon Coastal Transition Zone (OCTZ) extends several hundred
kilometers offshore where shelf flows interact with the northern California Current. A
primitive-equation numerical ocean model is used to study the upwelling circulation in this
region from 1 May to 1 November 2001. This OCTZ model obtains initial and boundary
conditions...
A reexamination of turbulence dissipation measurements from the equatorial Pacific shows that the turbulence diffusivities are not a simple function of the gradient Richardson number. A widely used mixing scheme, the K-profile parameterization, overpredicts the turbulent vertical heat flux by roughly a factor of 4 in the stably stratified region...
We present a new method developed for measuring radiocarbon of methane (¹⁴CH₄) in ancient air samples
extracted from glacial ice and dating 11,000–15,000 calendar years before present. The small size (~20 μg CH₄ carbon), low
CH₄ concentrations ([CH₄], 400–800 parts per billion [ppb]), high carbon monoxide concentrations ([CO]), and low...
Laboratory culture experiments were performed to establish the range of growth conditions where ¹³C labeling of di- and tri-unsaturated C₃₇ methyl ketones yields reliable growth rates for alkenone-producing algae. Results document that even at low growth rates and short time intervals, ¹³C labeling of the di-unsaturated C₃₇ alkenone provides reasonable...
A two-dimensional, frictionless, nonlinear model of coastal upwelling is reexamined. The model has been solved previously at steady state and as an initial-value problem. The previous solution to the initial-value problem is inconsistent with the steady-state solution. A new solution to the spinup problem is presented that approaches the existing...
We describe a new tide model for the seas surrounding Antarctica, including the ocean cavities under the floating ice shelves. The model uses data assimilation to improve its fit to available data. Typical peak-to-peak tide ranges on ice shelves are 1-2 m but can exceed 3 m for the Filchner-Ronne...
An unstable, nonlinear baroclinic wave-mean oscillation is found in a strongly supercritical quasigeostrophic f-plane numerical channel model with 3840 Fourier components. The growth of linear disturbances to this time-periodic oscillation is analyzed by computing time-dependent normal modes (Floquet vectors). Two different Newton–Picard methods are used to compute the unstable solution,...