Current compression perpendicular-to-grain (c-perp) design values for wood members are based on mean stress using the ASTM D143 specimen. Base design value, as determined from 0.04-in deformation in the ASTM specimen, is applied to all c-perp applications. While the standard ASTM test was presumably believed to adequately reflect relevant c-perp...
New species introductions have been associated with the movement of
people for thousands of years. For instance, horses were introduced into North
America by Spanish explorers, while pigs were introduced by the Polynesians
into many Pacific islands long before the establishment of permanent
European settlements. Both of these species introductions...
Combustion properties of kraft black liquor solids were studied using a laminar entrained flow reactor. The tendency of black liquors to release fume (compounds containing Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻, SO₃²⁻, S₂0₃²⁻ and C0₃²⁻) during combustion were observed at 1000°C. Black liquor solids with a size fraction of 63 to 100...
Particleboard is widely used for making bookshelf, furniture, cabinets and many other interior products. At present, particleboard is mainly produced with wood particles and urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins. The emission of carcinogenic formaldehyde in the production and use of particleboard has generated an urgent need for development of a formaldehyde-free wood...
Wood adhesives are essential components of wood composites. At
present, the commonly used wood adhesives, phenol-formaldehyde (PF)
and urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins, are petroleum-based synthetic resins
that may result in emission of formaldehyde in the production and use of
wood composites. Because the world's oil reserves are naturally limited
and formaldehyde...
This study examined the decay resistance of the pine and maple components of wood plastic composites (WPC' s) of varying thicknesses exposed on several culture media to wood decay fungi under laboratory conditions. The ability of malt agar extract (MEA), potato dextrose agar (PDA), amended basal salts, sawdust (maple and...
Synthetic adhesives like phenol formaldehyde (PF) and isocyanates dominate the
wood based structural panel market. The raw materials that makeup these adhesives
are based on petroleum and natural gas. The sustainability and the continued success
of the wood based structural panel industry will benefit from the development of
alternative adhesives...
Many paper products like towel and tissue cannot serve their purposes without temporary wet strength Glyoxal-polyacrylamide (GPA) resin is one of the widely used commercial wet strength additives that impart the temporary wet strength to paper and paperboard products However, GPA resin is derived from petrochemicals and contributes to contaminants...
To remain competitive, the forest products industry needs to look for new and innovative processes and technologies to not only reduce costs but also to recover more value through the entire seedling-to-customer forest products supply chain. It is well recognized that measuring wood properties of logs in real time during...