Ixodes scapularis (e.g. blacklegged tick) is a hard-bodied tick considered endemic to certain regions within the United States. This species is considered a primary vector of Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi), anaplasmosis (Anaplasma phagocytophilum) and babesiosis (Babesia microti). Each of these tick-borne diseases represent a growing health concern within the nation...
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a widely used broad-spectrum organophosphate insecticide. Following exposures, CPF and its more toxic oxon metabolite (CPFO) elicit neurotoxic effects by inhibiting the activity of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE), resulting in altered fitness and death at high doses. Following exposure, organisms bioactivate CPF to CPFO through the Cytochrome...
The emergence of high explosives on the battlefield can be defined both literally and figuratively as a seismic event in the landscape of modern warfare. High explosives first came into common use in war in 1914. By the end of World War I just four years later, more than 2.5...
Microplastics (MPs) are plastic particles less than 5 mm in diameter. These contaminants are increasingly found in the environment due to increased plastic production, use, and improper disposal. Detecting and measuring these contaminants in the environment has proven difficult, requiring the use of fate and transport models to assess MP...
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a blood malignancy characterized by a differentiation and proliferation defect of myeloid progenitors leading to accumulation of myeloid blasts. It is one of the most common leukemias in adults. Trametinib (Mekinist) is a small molecule inhibitor that targets MEK1 (MAP2K1) and MEK2 (MAPK2K2). It has...
Pseudomonas syringae are plant pathogenic bacteria that cause disease by rapidly multiplying within the aboveground tissues of host plants. Growth of P. syringae within plant host tissues requires the disarmament of host immune defenses that limit microbial growth. To combat host defenses, P. syringae deploys a type III secretion system...
The influence of increasing temperatures on human health has been widely established across multiple health disciplines. Short-term temperature changes are associated with an increased risk of hospitalization and death overall and in a variety of health conditions, such as cardiovascular disease. Even as humans can self-regulate heat stresses, the elderly,...
Previous research on academic success in biology has focused on the influence of prerequisite knowledge and cognitive ability as measured by course grades or GPA. More recently, the field has considered the influence of non-cognitive factors such as grit, defined as passion and perseverance for long term goals. Both grit...
Over the last two decades, satisfiability and satisfiability-modulo theory (SAT/SMT) solvers have grown powerful enough to be general purpose reasoning engines throughout software engineering and computer science. However, most practical use cases of SAT/SMT solvers require not just solving a single SAT/SMT problem, but solving sets of related SAT/SMT problems....
To assess the conversion and embedment of yttrium nitrate to yttrium oxide using selective laser melting, a thermodynamic approach for laser power and scan speed predictions on surface temperature, recoil pressure, and resulting track morphology window are employed. Inkjet printing is used to deposit the liquid film of yttrium nitrate...