I believe quetzal and aguacatillo are the key species in the cloud forests in Cerro de la Muerte because they are biologically and culturally valuable. This value contributes to ecotourism, which eventually becomes of economic benefit to local people. In this paper, I examine how the cloud forest conservation and...
We studied the effect of a lactic acid bacterial additive on the quality of silage made of grass-legume mixtures in the forest steppe zone of Mongolia. The use of lactic acid bacterial ferment positively influenced the diet digestion and the cows silage consumption. The cows ate well the silage treated...
We assessed a photographic technique to estimate shrub yield and utilization of common snowberry, snowbrush, and heart-leafed willow found in mixed-conifer rangelands. We determined the correlation between green leaf area size (LA) and forage yield (Y) and compared plant utilization estimated by photographic technique (ULA) to actual utilization (UY) values....
The Department of Administrative Services (DAS) and Oregon State University (OSU) are collaborating to develop an orthoimagery portal application to allow for the distribution of digital aerial imagery for the State of Oregon. The near-term objective of this project is to develop an Imagery Portal that serves the
2005 half-meter...
Although researchers have begun to explicitly support end-user programmers' debugging by providing information to help them find bugs, there is little research addressing the right content to communicate to these users. The specific semantic content of these debugging communications matters because, if the users are not actually seeking the information...
ExcelForms is a front end Excel-based application that supports Forms/3, a research
language based on the spreadsheet paradigm, end-user software engineering features.
The old implementation of ExcelForms performed poorly, and was considered
unstable, not robust, and not scalable enough for our users' needs. This project
addresses these issues by implementing...
This paper studies cluster ensembles for high dimensional data clustering. We examine three different approaches to constructing cluster ensembles. To address high dimensionality, we focus on ensemble construction methods that build on two popular dimension reduction techniques, random projection and principal component analysis (PCA). We present evidence showing that ensembles...
If basic assumptions about how knowledge workers conceptualize and use work units are wrong, then any solutions resting on those assumptions are unlikely to be successful since, instead of decreasing costs, they will lead to increasing them. This paper reports on how knowledge workers understand, use and switch between units...
Summary: Four proposed metrics:
[1] average relative reduction in training time (sample size, number of training experiences)
[2] jumpstart (initial advantage of transfer algorithm)
[3] handicap (how long it takes the no-transfer algorithm to overcome the jumpstart)
[4] asymptotic advantage (how much better the transfer learning algorithm does in the...
The security of world fish supply from wild fisheries and from aquaculture is an increasing concern due to dwindling yields from wild catch and undesirable ecological impacts of aquaculture. The extent to which aquaculture can substitute for fish from wild catch will depend on the productivity of aquaculture, which in...
The geoduck fishery in British Columbia has been managed by individual quotas since 1989. Individual
quotas have fostered a co-operative management approach in the fishery, which is implemented through a
non-profit society with membership made up of licence holders in the fishery. This non-profit society, the
Underwater Harvesters Association (UHA),...
Assuming externalities from aquaculture to fisheries, we use a Verhulst-Schaefer model of fish
population-dynamics and production, coupled with an aquaculture production model, to investigate
effects on open-access and rent-maximising fisheries. Externalities are modelled by letting carrying
capacity, intrinsic growth rate or catchability coefficient in the fishery depend on aquaculture production....
This paper sets out an evaluation of profitability differentials within shellfish farming activities of the
Mont-Saint-Michel Bay. The objective is to examine whether profitability differentials have
consequences in terms of economic dynamics and of management arrangements. The paper divides into
four parts. The first part presents a retrospective analysis of...
The advent of scientific shrimp farming in India during 1990-91 was a turning point of shrimp production
in the country. Though scientific shrimp farming system renders higher level of production than the
existing traditional farming system, it is subject to certain criticisms especially for generating negative
environmental externalities. The conversion...
The exploitation of aquatic food products has been very fundamental as a source of livelihood in
the Sub Saharan Africa in particular and the world in general. Global production of aquatic food
products totaled approximately 93.2 million metric tons in 1997 and sub Saharan Africa
contributed 3.7 per cent. For...
In natural resource economics, we sometimes observe a situation in which producers and consumers have
direct access to the factors of production or can use some consumable products with little or no
transformation. These goods are commonly referred to as “gifts of nature”. A factor of production is
considered a...
The success or failure of aquaculture heavily depends on how effectively to manage aquatic animal
diseases. In order to analyze the economic effects of aquatic animal disease control, the specific factors
and magnitudes of benefits and costs are identified with and without the proposed project for the disease
control. These...
A bio-economic model, based on Faustmann rotation, was developed to analyze the relevance of
removing thinning activities which are part of the dominant technology used in blue mussel production in
Canada. Removing these density control activities (thinning) seemed a profitable option to producers. It
was thought that this collector line...
In 1976 global exports for fish and fisheries products was approximately $8 billion. In 2000,
global exports exceeded $55 billion. The period between 1985 and 1995 witnessed the tripling
of global fisheries exports. This represents more than half of total value of global fisheries
production. Developing countries began to increase...
Economists have generated numerous studies analyzing how a move to rights-based fishery management from open-access management affects fish harvesters' behavior. Conversely, the impacts that such a change in management can have on fish processors has received relatively little attention. This paper presents a simple two-product processor supply model to show...
Wholesale demand systems for live reef food fish in Hong Kong are analysed using the Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS). Results suggest that price elasticities of demand are inelastic, with relatively high-valued species exhibiting greater elasticity than relatively low-valued species. Cross price elasticities are negative suggesting that different...
The harvesting strategies in open access marine fishery and marketing patterns of marine products have
undergone rapid structural changes in the post liberalisation era of the Indian Economy. There is a
continuous increase in demand and price of the fish both in domestic and export markets and the thrust on...
This study addresses the matter of logistic improvement of live food fish trade by economic analyses of pertinent information provided by the live fish traders in 2004 on three species of live fish: sand goby, sea bass, and grouper. The analyses take into consideration the logistics cost, break-even point, market...
The sinking of the oil tanker the Prestige in November 2002 off the coast of Galicia in Spain had an
important social, environmental and economic impact. The aim of this paper is to carry out an initial
analysis of the costs relating to a halt in the activity of an...
The optimal harvesting time in a fish farm is analyzed in the paper. Fish population is assumed to be heterogeneous with respect to weight, so a distributed parameter dynamic model is considered. Theoretical and numerical results are obtained and compared with the ones concerning homogeneous fish cultures only. The results...
Shrimp farming in Iran is one of the fast growing segments of the economy. In 1994, around 1%
of Iranian shrimp production was farmed and by 2003 the share of shrimp farming increased to
60%. In spite of the fact that shrimp culture had relatively rapid growth in last decade,...
Key decision variables in aquaculture management are stocking level, feeding schedule, temperature
control and batch length. In many management problems with an infinite planning horizon, the aim is to
find the batch length which results in maximum return if the same batch length applies to all future
batches. This may...
Fishmeal is a critically important feed ingredient for use in animal (e.g., poultry and pork) and
aquaculture production (e.g., salmon, trout, and shrimp). There is concern that demand for fishmeal may
place additional stress on the world’s pelagic fisheries and may undermine the sustainability of some
aquaculture systems that rely...
Non-radial measure of technical efficiency of fish farms in Oyo State was examined using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Use of the non-radial measures to calculate overuse of inputs by inefficient fish farmers was demonstrated and the potential for reducing inputs used by improving efficiency was evaluated. Ordinary Least Square (OLS)...
A community based sea urchin (Tripneustes gratilla) culture was chosen as an alternative livelihood by
fisherfolks of Nalvo, a fishing village along the South China Sea in Sta. Maria, Ilocos Sur, Philippines.
The sea urchin culture was adopted among fishermen to augment their rapidly declining income from
fishing. The said...
Whatever the quantity and the rate of water utilization is, economic principles indicate that there will
always be other water utilization methods which might increase the efficiency of the use of this resource.
Due to the geo-climatic position of Iran, this country finds itself in a water deficit situation as...
Global aquaculture production increased with an average rate of 10% per year since 1990 and 90% of
aquaculture production comes from developing countries thus providing livelihood and income especially
to marginal groups who have limited access to resources such as agricultural land and financial capital.
Geographical information systems (GIS) based...
The world’s output of farmed fish has grown steadily over the past two decades or so. Most
notably in the UK, since the mid 1980’s, a rapid increase in farmed salmon production has taken
place. Given that many of the world’s oceans are overfished, many see aquaculture as a method...
The experiences on reproductive management of native specie such as Petenia splendida (Tenhuayaca) in the last four years in Tabasco, Mexico has generated enough information to allow the development of a technological package for supporting sustainable rural production, particularly in areas where most of the population belongs to ethnical groups....
Although European fish consumption is increasingly dependant on aquaculture products given the
decrease of worldwide fisheries landings, the image of farmed fish is more and more controversial. This
paper aims at assessing the importance of farmed fish in the European seafood consumption, as well in
terms of image and perception...
Freshwater fish species and Baltic salmon are important to small-scale fisheries in Finland and Sweden.
The formerly local markets for these species have expanded as the food trade has been opened up
to international competition. In this study we use cointegration analysis to test the spatial integration of
freshwater fish...
Globalisation continues to impact the fisheries sector, aided by international governance frameworks in fisheries production and trade. Within these frameworks, tensions exist between trade facilitating measures and trade restricting measures. For example, UNCLOS extended Exclusive Economic Zones to 200 miles, resulting in a significant increase in volume and trade in...
France is Europe's largest market for salmon, close to saturation for traditional products but open to opportunities for differentiated items. Over the last ten years, the supply of salmon-based products has moved from basic items to more sophisticated ones. Processing is one way of turning the product into what consumers...
This paper discusses sustainable development of Yemeni fisheries towards achievement of Millennium Development Goals (MDG) and stakeholder aspiration. Yemen is considered a Least Developed Country ranking 148 among 174 countries in terms of the Human Development Index. In terms of food security, Yemen is classified as a Low-Income and Food...
Three case studies were included in a study on fishing vessels, most of which use trawl gear in demersal
fisheries. The case studies include the French Bay of Biscay bottom-trawlers, the English beam trawlers
fishing in the English Channel, Celtic Sea and North Sea, and the Basque trawlers fishing in...
The objective of the paper is to briefly present a comparative analysis of trends in the characteristics of
selected European fleets, observed over the last fifteen years, as an introduction to three empirical studies
of the behavioural determinants of these trends. The analysis presented aims at (i) describing changes
observed...
This paper provides a Total Allowable Catch (TAC) assessment model for a single gear, multi-species fishery in South Korea. To estimate appropriate Allowable Biological Catch (ABC) of mackerel and jack mackerel caught by the large purse seine fleet in the territorial waters of South Korea, the model uses an extended...
After 1950 traditional herring fisheries were revolutionized by a new technique: sonar, power block, larger
nets and bigger boats. As a result all major herring stocks in the North East Atlantic Ocean collapsed. The
most dramatic decline was that of the Atlanto-Scandian stock between Iceland and Norway from millions
of...
Unfortunately, most of the stocks are damaged by natural disasters or human activities and rebuilding the
stock are urgent requirements. Until now, in the stock management, some policies are commonly believed
to valid but have not been confirmed. A simulation model of the population dynamics incorporating
uncertainty has been already...
The direct economic values of aquatic resources used in various livelihood activities by
households in selected rural villages of Cambodia were estimated using the net economic value
approach. Data utilized were from 540 aquatic resources dependent households from 3 provinces
gathered using household survey, longitudinal monitoring and participatory rural appraisal...
Tuna, after shrimps, forms the most valuable seafood product in both export and domestic market in Sri Lanka. The
first section of this paper discusses the present status of tuna industry in Sri Lanka and the behavior of export
markets. Secondly, this paper analyzes the impact of technological innovation, effort...