Focus is published by Oregon State University College of Forestry. Our goal is to keep Forestry alumni, friends, faculty, staff, and students informed about the College of Forestry and its many activities and programs.
Focus is published by Oregon State University College of Forestry. Our goal is to keep Forestry alumni, friends, faculty, staff, and students informed about the College of Forestry and its many activities and programs.
The recent increase in energy prices and political instability in the Middle East has sparked renewed interest in alternative energy sources and technologies both locally and nationally. Biodiesel is an appealing transportation fuel source for many reasons: it readily substitutes for petroleum diesel, it tends to burn cleaner with fewer...
Grain is produced on upwards of 100,000 acres in the Klamath Basin including nearly 50,000 acres within the Klamath Reclamation Project. Susceptibility to late spring frosts has historically limited winter cereal production and spring cereals have accounted for the majority of production. Klamath Basin Research & Extension Center (KBREC) cereal...
Euphorbia lagascae (Euphorbiaceae- ‘spurge family’) has been recognized as one of the more promising potential new industrial crops for the drier regions in the temperate zone
(Roseberg, 1996). In the late 1950s and early 1960s the USDA analyzed many plant species in search of novel chemical compounds. They first recognized...
The recent increase in energy prices and political instability in the Middle East has sparked renewed interest in alternative energy sources and technologies both locally and nationally. Biodiesel is an appealing transportation fuel source for many reasons: it readily substitutes for petroleum diesel, it tends to burn cleaner with fewer...
The information in this report is for the purpose of informing cooperators in industry, colleagues at other universities, and others of the results of research in field crops. Reference to products and companies in this publication is for specific information only and does not endorse or recommend that product or...
Since its inception in 1985, the Tri-State variety development program has primarily focused on the development of processing and dual-purpose (process and fresh) russets. Recent breeding efforts have focused more on improving genetic resistance to various pests and diseases as a means of lowering production costs. During the past decade,...
Since its inception in 1985, the Tri-State variety development program has primarily focused on the development of processing and dual-purpose (process and fresh) russets. Recent breeding efforts have focused more on improving genetic resistance to various pests and diseases as a means of lowering production costs. During the past decade,...
Results from vegetation management trials involving horticultural crops conducted during the past year are compiled and reported by faculty members of the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station, the Oregon State Extension Service, and colleagues who cooperated from adjacent states along with local enterprises. This work was conducted throughout Oregon and involved...
This newsletter comes as many of you anxiously await this year’s harvest. We have taken this opportunity to focus on berry development in the viticulture section. Laurent Deluc, Grape Researcher, writes about his research on berry ripening synchronization, and Viticulture Extension Specialist, Patty Skinkis, provides information on berry development and...
This newsletter comes at the advent of bloom and fruit set in this 2011 season. To provide information on timely topics, Patty Skinkis provides an article on early season leaf removal and how it may help reduce disease infection. Inga Zasada provides information on plant parasitic nematodes to help you...
This issue of Vineyard Notes covers four timely topics to be considered in your véraison vineyard management plans:
+ Bird control
+ Powdery mildew management
+ Late season Botrytis prevention
+ Tissue nutrient sampling
Welcome to the March 2011 Viticulture & Enology Newsletter! We have a number of great articles from members of our team to keep you informed. Marcus Buchanan provides an update on the mealybug trapping efforts that have been in place in southern Oregon’s winegrape regions since 2009. Jay Pscheidt writes...
The Columbia River Gillnetter is the pilot of the Lower Columbia River commercial fishing industry, keeping fishermen and the public in touch with today's important issues.
O&E Magazine is published by Oregon State University Division of Outreach and Engagement to engage the people of Oregon in learning and discovery. In this inaugural issue of O&E magazine, we celebrate the centennial of OSU Extension and look forward to the next 100 years of outreach and engagement with...
The Oregon State University Extension Service engages the people of Oregon with research based knowledge and education that strengthen communities and economies, sustain natural resources, and promote healthy families and individuals. This document gives a 100-year history of OSU Extension.
Consumers are increasingly turning to farm direct foods for personal reasons, such as fresh and healthy food, and for public reasons, such as supporting local and rural economies and reducing the environmental impact of their food choices. As a result, farmers’ markets and other direct farm marketing has increased substantially...
The Columbia River Gillnetter is the pilot of the Lower Columbia River commercial fishing industry, keeping fishermen and the public in touch with today's important issues.
Thiamine pyrophosphate (vitamin B1) is an essential nutrient in the human diet, and is often referred as the energy vitamin. Potato contains modest amounts of thiamine. However, the genetic variation of thiamine concentrations in potato has never been investigated. In this study, we determined thiamine concentrations in freshly-harvested unpeeled tubers...
Biofortification of staple crops like potato via breeding is an attractive strategy to reduce human micronutrient deficiencies. A prerequisite is metabolic phenotyping of genetically diverse material which can potentially be used as parents in breeding programs. Thus, the natural genetic diversity of thiamine and folate contents was investigated in indigenous...
The neutron capture cross sections of ¹⁰⁶Cd, ¹⁰⁸Cd, ¹¹⁰Cd, ¹¹²Cd, ¹¹⁴Cd and ¹¹⁶Cd
were determined in the present project. Four different OSU TRIGA reactor facilities were
used to produce redundancy in the results and to measure the thermal cross section and
resonance integral separately. When the present values were compared...
This document provides definitions and a general overview of streams and lakes of San Juan County (SJC) and then describes impacts to these water bodies and strategies for determining widths of buffers that protect their functions. It similarly provides definitions and a general overview of SJC upland (terrestrial) habitats, describes...
This document partially addresses the Wetlands component of San Juan County’s Critical Areas Ordinance (CAO). Drawing from a foundation in best available science, it describes important functions performed by the County's wetlands, effects of various activities on those functions, and strategies for protecting wetland functions from impacting activities, with an...
Oregon State University Libraries In-Service Presentation.
This presentation highlights some of the lesser-known archival collections housed in the OSU Libraries Special Collections department. Featured among these are the McDonald Rare Book Collection as well as the papers of Roger Hayward, William Appleman Williams, Milton Harris, Paul Emmett, David and Clara...
This document provides the latest science and best biological judgment to assist in making management decisions. Fortunately, recent emphasis on sage-grouse conservation has resulted in a substantial number of publications dealing with a variety of aspects of sage-grouse ecology and management, summarized in the 2010 listing petition (75 FR 13910),...
Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) were once found in most grassland and sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) habitats east of the Cascades in Oregon. European settlement and conversion of sagebrush steppe into agricultural production led to extirpation of the species in the Columbia Basin by the early part of the 1900s, but sagebrush...
Cyberinfrastructure integrates advanced computer, information, and communication technologies to empower computation-based and data-driven scientific practice and improve the synthesis and analysis of scientific data in a collaborative and shared fashion. As such, it now represents a paradigm shift in scientific research that has facilitated easy access to computational utilities and...
A Coastal Web Atlas (CWA) is a valuable resource for a range of users including coastal managers as it provides easy access to maps, spatial data, coastal information and tools. A trans-Atlantic workshop on “Potentials and Limitations of Coastal Web Atlases”, held in Ireland in July 2006, brought together atlas...
We examine the thermal effects of seamount subduction. Seamount subduction may cause transient changes in oceanic crust hydrogeology and plate boundary fault position. Prior to subduction, seamounts provide high‐permeability pathways between the basaltic crustal aquifer and overlying ocean that can focus fluid flow and efficiently cool the oceanic crust. As...
Internal tide generation, propagation, and dissipation are investigated in Luzon Strait, a system of two quasi-parallel ridges situated between Taiwan and the Philippines. Two profiling moorings deployed for about 20 days and a set of nineteen 36-h lowered ADCP-CTD time series stations allowed separate measurement of diurnal and semidiurnal internal...
Alongshore flow in the direction of propagation of coastal trapped waves can result in upwelling at the shelfbreak. The intensity of this upwelling can be comparable in magnitude to wind-driven coastal upwelling, with its associated ecological features. Recent numerical experiments by Matano & Palma indicate that this upwelling results from...
Oyster shell is a crucial component of healthy oyster reefs. Shell planting has been a main component of oyster restoration efforts in many habitats and has been carried out on scales from individual and grassroots efforts to multiagency efforts across entire estuaries. However, the cycling and lifetime of the shell...
Coupled climate–carbon models have shown the potential for large feedbacks between climate change, atmospheric CO₂ concentrations, and global carbon sinks. Standard metrics of this feedback assume that the response of land and ocean carbon uptake to CO₂ (concentration–carbon cycle feedback) and climate change (climate–carbon cycle feedback) combine linearly. This study...
Melt inclusions trapped in phenocryst phases are important primarily due to their potential of preserving a significant proportion of the diversity of magma composition prior to modification of the parent magma array during transport through the crust. The goal of this investigation was to evaluate the impact of formational and...
In this study we present 42 new ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar incremental heating age determinations updated age progression for the Louisville seamount trail. Louisville is the South Hawaiian‐Emperor seamount trail, both trails representing intraplate volcanism (~80 Ma to present) and being examples of primary hot spot lineaments. Our age‐progressive trend from 71 to...
A 1-km-horizontal-resolution model based on the Regional Ocean Modeling System is implemented along the Oregon coast to study average characteristics and intermittency of the M₂ internal tide during summer upwelling. Wind-driven and tidally driven flows are simulated in combination, using realistic bathymetry, atmospheric forcing, and boundary conditions. The study period...
A complex superposition of locally forced and shoaling remotely generated semidiurnal internal tides occurs on the Oregon continental slope. Presented here are observations from a zonal line of five profiling moorings deployed across the continental slope from 500 to 3000 m, a 24-h expendable current profiler (XCP) survey, and five...
During the 2008 and 2009 breeding seasons of murres Uria spp., we combined visual observations of these predators with active acoustics (sonar), fish trawls, zooplankton net tows, and hydrographic measurements in the area surrounding breeding colonies in the southeastern Bering Sea. We acoustically detected thousands of bubble trails that were...
The VAMOS Ocean-Cloud-Atmosphere-Land Study Regional Experiment (VOCALS-REx) was an international field program designed to make observations of poorly understood but critical components of the coupled climate system of the southeast Pacific. This region is characterized by strong coastal upwelling, the coolest SSTs in the tropical belt, and is home to...
This paper presents an evaluation and validation of the Naval Research Laboratory's COAMPS® real-time forecasts during the VOCALS-REx over the area off the west coast of Chile/Peru in the Southeast Pacific during October and November 2008. The analyses focus on the marine boundary layer (MBL) structure. These forecasts are compared...
This study investigates atmospheric factors influencing the quality and the postprocessing (e.g., tilt correction) of fast-response measurements of turbulent fluxes for difficult open-sea measurements over an offshore platform. The data were collected at the Ieodo Ocean Research Station over the Yellow Sea during the period from 5 November 2007 to...
We used an in situ steady state ¹⁵N-labeled nitrate (¹⁵NO₃⁻) and acetate (AcO⁻) well-to-wells injection experiment to determine how the availability of labile dissolved organic carbon (DOC) as AcO⁻ influences microbial denitrification in the hyporheic zone of an upland (third-order) agricultural stream. The experimental wells receiving conservative (Cl⁻ and Br)...
Narrowband oscillations observed in the upper equatorial Pacific are interpreted in terms of a random ensemble of shear instability events. Linear perturbation analysis is applied to hourly averaged profiles of velocity and density over a 54-day interval, yielding a total of 337 unstable modes. Composite profiles of mean states and...
Regional ocean circulation along the Oregon coast is studied numerically for forcing fields derived from year 2005 and climatological-mean conditions. The primary object is to study directly the Lagrangian pathways by which fluid arrives in the Oregon upwelling zone. Roughly half of the upwelling fluid is found to arrive in...
We present a new high-precision, high-resolution record of atmospheric methane from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide ice core covering 1000–1800 C.E., a time period known as the late preindustrial Holocene (LPIH). The results are consistent with previous measurements from the Law Dome ice core, the only other high-resolution...
Direct numerical simulations (DNS) of a shear layer with salt-fingering-favorable stratification have been performed for different Richardson numbers Ri and density ratios R[subscript]p. In the absence of shear (Ri = oo), the primary instability is square planform salt fingering, alternating cells of rising and sinking fluid. In the presence of...
The floating ice shelf of Petermann glacier interacts directly with the ocean and is thought to lose at least 80% of its mass through basal melting. Based on three opportunistic ocean surveys in Petermann Fjord we describe the basic oceanography: the circulation at the fjord mouth, the hydrographic structure beneath...
The files are zipped and will need to be unzipped prior to viewing. Images are contained within 8 sub-folders: Crystal Creek Riparian Sep 2010, Crystal Creek Uplands Sep 2010, Lamar River Riparian Sep 2010, Lamar River Uplands Sep 2010, Rose Creek Riparian Sep 2010, Rose Creek Uplands Set 2010, Slough...
Benton County has experienced substantial growth in the past 30 years, and is expected to continue growing (BCWP 2008). Continued development has occurred in the Willamette Valley, housing development in the nearby hills of the Coast Range is growing. New houses in the foothills of the Coast Range may not...
The Middle Fork John Day Basin in Northeastern Oregon is prime habitat for spring Chinook salmon and Steelhead trout. In 2008, a major tributary supporting rearing habitat, Big Boulder Creek, was restored to its historic mid-valley channel along a 1 km stretch of stream 800 m upstream of the mouth....
This book is based on a project to completely annotate what is known about the function of the ~150 genes encoded by the genome of the most commonly investigated baculovirus, AcMNPV. Once the annotation was completed (summarized in Chapter 12), the material was organized into a series of chapters integrating...
Since the publication of the first edition of Baculovirus Molecular Biology two years ago, there have been significant advances in several areas of baculovirus research, most particularly in the characterization of gene function using bacmid technology. In addition, the long sought goal of determining the crystal structure polyhedrin was also...
Her Hair is an Open Hand is a collection of free verse poems exploring unity and division through the lens of myth and place. The collection is organized into three sections. The first reflects on division: alienation between the speaker and physical landscapes, isolation within romantic relationships, and the violation...
The construction industry has relied heavily on wood and wood-based composites, such as oriented strand board (OSB) and plywood for timber frame construction. Therefore, it is highly imperative to categorize the response of wood-based composites when exposed to elevated temperatures for a sustained period of time. The essence of fire-resistant...
This study investigated the effect of exposure to elevated temperature on the yield strength of single-shear nail connections when subjected to lateral loading. Solid sawn lumber and laminated veneer lumber were used as framing members and two different thicknesses of both oriented strand board and plywood were used as the...
This study investigates the applicability of the database-assisted design (DAD) methodology to predict structural reactions in a light-framed wood structure subjected to fluctuating wind pressures. Structural influence functions were determined on a 1/3-scale light-frame wood structure, which was then subjected to a wind flow, while the surface pressures and structural...
The objective of this project was to evaluate system effects and further define load paths within a light-frame wood structure under extreme wind events. The three-dimensional 30- by 40-ft (9.1- by 12.2-m) building, designed to be representative of typical light-frame wood construction in the southeastern coastal region of the United...
The overall goal of this project was to design a wood frame shear wall that could withstand greater displacement before damage occurred to the gypsum wall board (GWB). A total of 14 shear walls consisting of seven different designs with two walls built per design were tested to failure. Six...
Current compression perpendicular-to-grain (C⊥) design values for wood members are based on mean stress obtained from ASTM D143 specimen. The standard ASTM test with metal on wood bearing has limited applicability in modern construction assemblies with C⊥ loading scenarios. Previous work has shown that end-bearing conditions and wood-on-wood C⊥ bearing...
For wood beams, it is often assumed that the neutral axis (NA) is located at the centroid of the beam. This would be the case for isotropic and homogeneous materials but these prerequisites are not valid for wood. The varying grain patterns and knots located throughout wood make wood anisotropic...