High-speed intercity passenger rail projects are very complex and require many years of planning and environmental activities before construction can begin. Given the complexity of planning and environmental reviews associated with high-speed intercity passenger rail corridor planning, a systematic approach for high-level screening of various alternative routings for proposed high-speed...
Type-II dilemma zones are the segment of roadway approaching an intersection where drivers have difficulty deciding to stop or proceed at the onset of the circular yellow (CY) indication. Signalized intersection safety is improved when dilemma zones are correctly identified and steps are taken to reduce the likelihood that vehicles...
Many bacteria possess cell density-dependent quorum-sensing (QS) systems that often regulate cooperative secretions involved
in host-microbe or microbe-microbe interactions. These secretions, or “public goods,” are frequently coregulated by stress and
starvation responses. Here we provide a physiological rationale for such regulatory complexity in the opportunistic pathogen
Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Using minimal-medium...
The reaction conditions for the synthesis of Cu-BTC (BTC = benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid) were elucidated using a continuous-flow microreactor-assisted solvothermal system to achieve crystal size and phase control. A high-rate synthesis of Cu-BTC metal-organic frameworks with BET surface area of more than 1600 m²/g (Langmuir surface area of more than 2000...
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to study, in detail, the transfer of thermal (vibrational) energy between objects with discrete vibrational spectra to those with a semi-continuum of spectra. The transfer of energy is stochastic and strongly dependent on the instantaneous separation between the bodies. The insight from the MD...
The Ti plasmid in Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain 15955 carries two alleles of traR that regulate conjugative transfer. The first
is a functional allele, called traR, that is transcriptionally induced by the opine octopine. The second, trlR, is a nonfunctional,
dominant-negative mutant located in an operon that is inducible by the...
The role of each habitat fish use is of great importance to the dynamics of populations. During
their early marine residence, Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), an anadromous fish
species, mostly inhabit estuaries but also use sandy beach surf zones and the coastal ocean.
However, the role of surf zones in...
The climate sensitivity uncertainty of global climate models (GCMs) is partly due to the spread of individual feedbacks. One approach to constrain long-term climate sensitivity is to use the relatively short observational record, assuming there exists some relationship in feedbacks between short and long records. The present work tests this...
A multifunctional tumor-targeting delivery system was developed and evaluated for an efficient treatment of drug-resistant ovarian cancer by combinatorial therapeutic modality based on chemotherapy and mild hyperthermia. The engineered iron oxide nanoparticle (IONPs)-based nanocarrier served as an efficient delivery vehicle for doxorubicin and provided the ability to heat cancer cells...
Quantitative associations between animals and vegetation have long been used as a basis for conservation and management, as well as in formulating predictions about the influence of resource management and climate change on populations. A fundamental assumption embedded in the use of such correlations is that they remain relatively consistent...