The fractal dimension of measured ocean wave profiles is found to be in the range of 1.5-1.8. This non-integer dimension indicates the fractal nature of the waves. Standard formulations to analyze waves are based on a differential approach. Since fractals are non-differentiable, this formulation fails for waves with fractal characteristics....
Despite the belief that fuels management, a form of prescribed fire that reduces accumulated fuels in commercially thinned forests, is necessary to restore forest 'health' in the Pacific Northwest, its effects on wildlife has received little attention in the scientific literature. Because fuels management is supported, funded, and implemented nationwide...
In the field of forest planning, assumptions regarding the appropriate modeling of management behavior, translated through management prescriptions, minimum harvest ages, green-up periods, and other variables are needed if a stand-level optimization process is not used to guide the selection of stand management regimes Forest planners thus generally have a...
Bridgeoporus nobilissimus (W.B. Cooke) Volk, Burdsall, & Ammirati (BRNO) is a Survey and Manage fungi species listed under the Northwest Forest Plan. Perennial sporocarps (conks) fruit on large, dying and dead conifers in late-successional old-growth forests and on remnant stumps and snags in young and mature second-growth forests of the...
Designing timber harvesting units is a challenging task. The task requires decision making on logging equipment, landing site, cable road profile, road location, and transportation system. Traditionally forest planners have done the task manually. However, the manual method makes it difficult to examine many alternatives and the harvest plans depend...