Index Catalog // ScholarsArchive@OSU

SLC23A1, the gene encoding sodium-dependent vitamin C transport protein 1 (SVCT1) : regulation of transcription and its functional consequences

Creator:: Michels, Alexander Johannes
Abstract:: Vitamin C is an essential component of the human diet. Uptake of vitamin C in the cell is regulated by the function of sodium-dependent vitamin C transporters (SVCTs). SVCT1 (encoded by the SLC23A1 gene) is expressed in the colon, liver and kidney, where it plays a vital role in determining...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: approved: _______________________________________________________________ Tory M. Hagen

Modulation of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate levels, DNA synthesis rates and fidelity in mammalian cells

Creator:: Martomo, Stella A.
Abstract:: Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) concentrations measured in cells are not symmetric. dGTP almost always represents only 5-10% of the total dNTP pools in cells. In an in vitro replication system involving semiconservative replication from an SV 40 origin, the mutation frequency of an M13 phagemid replicated by human cell extracts in...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: . Abstract approved: Christopher K. Mathews Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) concentrations measured

Control of p53 tumor suppressor and peroxiredoxin activity through shifts incellular redox balance

Creator:: Stoner, Christopher S.
Abstract:: Aerobic organisms have evolved many sensory mechanisms that allow response to oxidants in the environment. One area of interest is the relationship between the activity of the tumor suppressor protein p53 and the redox state of thioredoxin. Human p53 activity is severely compromised in budding yeast lacking thioredoxin reductase. Evidence...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: THE DISSERTATION OF Christopher S. Stoner for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in

Mitochondrial decay in the aging rat heart : changes in fatty acid-supported bioenergetics and macromolecular organization of the electron transport system

Creator:: Gómez Ramirez, Luis A.
Abstract:: Decline in cardiac pump function is a hallmark of aging where mitochondrial decay is an important underlying cause. Although certainly multifactorial in nature, both dysfunction of the machinery involved in the chemiosmotic process of energy transduction and lower capacity to maintain fatty acid-driven respiration are identified as intrinsic factors of...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: Transport System. Abstract approved: Tory M. Hagen Decline in cardiac

A role for ceramide accumulation in age-related cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction

Creator:: Monette, Jeffrey S.
Abstract:: Ceramides are a group of lipids in the sphingolipid family that are potent cell signaling molecules. Elevations in ceramide levels above the norm generally lead to apoptosis. Evidence from in vitro studies suggests that accumulation of ceramides within mitochondria leads to dysfunction of the mitochondria. This includes inhibition of the...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: : __________________________________________________________________ Tory M. Hagen Ceramides are a group of lipids in the sphingolipid family that are potent

Age-related decrease in resilience against acute redox cycling agents: Critical role of declining GSH-dependent detoxification capacity

Creator:: Thomas, Nicholas O.
Abstract:: Over the past century, life expectancy in the United States has dramatically increased leading to an increasingly aging population with people reaching, and spending more years in ‘old age’. While this unprecedented shift in population demographics represents great strides for humanity, it is not without cost. One consequence of longer...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: Capacity Abstract approved: Tory M. Hagen Over the past century, life

Age-related loss of Nrf2, a novel mechanism for the potential attenuation of xenobiotic detoxification capacity

Creator:: Smith, Eric Jonathan
Abstract:: Nuclear Factor, Erythroid Derived 2, Like 2 (NFE2L2 or Nrf2) is the primary transcription factor in cellular defense against oxidative and xenobiotic stresses in higher eukaryotes. This basic leucine zipper transcription factor regulates over 200 antioxidant, detoxification, and lipid metabolizing genes by binding to the Antioxidant Response Element (ARE; a...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: Potential Attenuation of Xenobiotic Detoxification Capacity Abstract approved: Tory M. Hagen

Antioxidant mechanisms of ascorbate and (R)-α-lipoic acid in aging and transition metal ion-mediated oxidative stress

Creator:: Shu, Jung Hyuk
Abstract:: Oxidative stress is the major driving force behind the aging process and many age-related diseases. However, direct experimental evidence of whether antioxidants, such as ascorbate (AA) and lipoic acid (LA) can slow the progression of aging process and/or reduce risks of developing degenerative disease is largely absent. This suggests a...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: Abstract approved: Balz B. Frei c/Tory M.'Hagen Oxidative stress is the major driving force behind the

Alternatives to the DNA precursor-synthesizing enzyme complex hypothesis

Creator:: Weitz, Stephen L.
Abstract:: Investigators have been studying an aggregate containing enzymes of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthesis in T4-phage infected bacteria. They suggest that it behaves as an organized complex, efficiently channeling DNA precursors to the replication apparatus. Previous work has suggested that about 10 enzyme activities remain associated through several fractionation steps. This multi-enzyme...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: Complex Hypothesis AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Stephen L. Weitz for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy

Regulation of ribonucleotide reductase analyzed by simultaneous measurement of the four enzyme activities

Creator:: Hendricks, Stephen P.
Abstract:: The first committed step in DNA biosynthesis occurs by direct reduction of ribonucleotides. This reduction is catalyzed by ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), an enzyme which uses a unique radical mechanism to facilitate the transformation. All four DNA precursors are synthesized by a single enzyme. Therefore, an intricate pattern of regulation has...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: Activities. Abstract approved: Christopher K. Mathews The first committed step in DNA biosynthesis

Organization of the T4 dNTP synthetase complex at DNA replication sites

Creator:: Kim, JuHyun
Abstract:: With respect to a multienzyme complex of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) synthesis somehow juxtaposed with DNA replication sites, our laboratory has demonstrated the existence of a multienzyme complex in T4-infected E. coli, named the T4 dNTP synthetase complex, but the idea of direct linkage of dNTP synthesis to DNA replication and...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: of the T4 dNTP Synthetase Complex at DNA Replication Sites Abstract approved: Christopher K

DNA precu[r]sor compartmentation in mammalian cells : metabolic and anti-metabolic studies of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA synthesis

Creator:: Bestwick, Richard Keith
Abstract:: This dissertation describes an investigation of DNA precursor supply for mitochondrial and nuclear DNA synthesis in HeLa cells and Mouse L-cells. HeLa cells were used for the quantitation of cellular and mitochondrial deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) and ribonucleoside triphosphate (rNTP) pools and of changes in pools in response to treatment with...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: : Christopher K. Mathews This dissertation describes an investigation of DNA precursor supply for

Protein-protein interactions in the bacteriophage T4 dNTP synthetase complex

Creator:: Shen, Rongkun
Abstract:: The enzymes of dNTP synthesis in T4 infection associate to form a multienzyme complex, the T4 dNTP synthetase complex, facilitating the flow of metabolites en route to dNTPs, and their subsequent flow into DNA. Study of protein-protein interactions helps one to understand how the enzymes in the complex are organized...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: Synthetase Complex Abstract approved: Christopher K. Mathews The

Bacteriophage T4-coded dihydrofolate reductase : cloning and structural analysis of its gene and organization of flanking regions

Creator:: Purohit, Sarla
Abstract:: The dihydrofolate reductase gene of bacteriophate T4 has been investigated at the structural level to elucide the unusual regulation of expression of this gene and possible evolutionary relationships between the ohage and drug resistance factors-encoded dihydrofolate reductases (DHFR). A 1.1-kilobase-pair restriction fragment of the T4 multiple mutant dec8 containing frd,...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: I thank Dr. Christopher K. Mathews for his guidance and support. His patience, stimulating

Oligoribonucleotides directed at ribosomal protein binding sites as inhibitors of ribosomal small subunit assembly and as possible antibiotics

Creator:: Thompson, Cynthia Sue
Abstract:: The effects of oligoribonucleotides of identical or similar sequences to a ribosomal protein binding site, specifically S8, on prokaryotic 30S ribosomal assembly were investigated in Escherichia coli. The oligoribonucleotides were expected to bind to the target protein S8 and block its incorporation into the 30S subunit, resulting in a nonfunctional...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: : _ ________ _ Christopher K. Mathews The effects of oligoribonucleotides of identical or similar sequences

Studies on DNA precursor metabolism in vaccinia virus-infected mamalian cells

Creator:: Spiro, Craig
Abstract:: Vaccinia virus-infected animal cells have been used to study the interactions between the replication of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and the biosynthesis of its nucleotide precursors. Some antimetabolites that inhibit DNA replication have as their targets enzymes of nucleotide biosynthesis. Furthermore, the disruption of nucleotide metabolism can alter the fidelity of...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: Metabolism in Vaccinia Virus-Infected Mammalian Cells. Abstract Redacted for Privacyapproved: Christopher K

Nucleoside diphosphokinase of Escherichia coli and its interactions with bacteriophage T4 proteins of DNA synthesis

Creator:: Ray, Nancy Bisset
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: privacy Redacted for privacy Acknowledgements I would like to thank my advisor, Christopher K

Organization of T4 bacteriophage genes and gene products involved in DNA precursor biosynthesis

Creator:: Wang, Yeong
Abstract:: Bacteriophage T4 gene 42 encodes dCMP hydroxymethylase, an enzyme unique to the deoxyribonucleotide metabolism of T-even bacteriophages. To study biochemical and biophysical properties of the enzyme, as well as the interaction of dCMP hydroxymethylase with other DNA precursor biosynthetic enzymes in vitro, availability of large amounts of the enzyme is...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: Acknowledgement I wish to express my sincere thanks to my major advisor, Dr. Christopher K Mathews, for his

Vaccinia virus ribonucleotide reductase : gene sequencing, intracellular localization, and interaction with a DNA-binding protein

Creator:: Davis, Ralph Eugene, 1957-
Abstract:: Vaccinia virus infected monkey kidney cells had been previously shown to have an increased ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase (RR) activity. DNA from mutant virus resistant to hydroxyurea were digested with restriction endonucleases and were shown to have substoichiometric amounts of the Hind III F fragment. Additional information from Southern blotting experiments...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: . Intracellularlocalization. and Interaction with a DNA-binding Protein. Abstract approved: Christopher K. Mathews, Ph.D

Deoxyribonucleotides as determinants of DNA replication fidelity in bacteriophage T4

Creator:: Sargent, Roy Geoffrey
Abstract:: Imbalanced deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) pools are mutagenic for DNA synthesis in both intact cells and cell-free replication systems. Almost certainly, such mutagenesis involves competition between correctly and incorrectly base-paired precursors at replication sites. However, there are certain differences between the intact cell and cell-free systems that do not always allow...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: privacy Christopher K. Mathews Imbalanced deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) pools are mutagenic

Bacteriophage T4 ribonucleotide reductase : genes and proteins

Creator:: Hanson, Eric Scott
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: T4 ,Ribonucleotide Reductase: Genes and Proteins Abstract approved: Christopher K. Mathews, Ph.D. A

Insights into mammalian DNA replication from analysis of mutations affecting deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis

Creator:: Mun, Byung-joo
Abstract:: Although the synthesis of DNA precursors is closely coordinated with DNA replication, it is still not clear whether deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) influence DNA replication independently of their interactions with DNA polymerase catalytic sites. In an effort to understand the extent to which rate and fidelity of DNA replication are regulated...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: . Abstract approved: Redacted for Privacy Christopher K. Mathews Although the synthesis of DNA precursors

Enzyme associations in deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis : anti-idiotypic antibodies as probes for direct protein-protein interactions

Creator:: Young, James Patrick
Abstract:: The ability to faithfully replicate DNA is dependent upon the maintenance and regulation of its precursors, the deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates. Enzymes encoded by the bacteriophage T4 have been widely used as models of biochemical processes. A body of evidence supports the concept that the bacteriophage T4 enzymes involved in deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: Christopher K. Mathews, Ph.D. The ability to faithfully replicate DNA is dependent upon the maintenance and

Host kinases involved in DNA precursor biosynthesis during bacteriophage T4 infection

Creator:: Bernard, Mark Aguirre
Abstract:: Although the Escherichia coli host has almost all of the enzymes necessary to synthesize nucleotides needed for bacteriophage T4 DNA replication, phage genes expressed early in infection encode enzymes for de novo DNA precursor biosynthesis and salvage from degraded host DNA. Eight early enzymes and two host enzymes comprise the...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: approved: Christopher K. Mathews Although the Escherichia coli host has almost all of the enzymes

DNA precursor compartmentation in mammalian cells : distribution and rates of equilibration between nucleus and cytoplasm

Creator:: Leeds, Janet M.
Abstract:: A rapid nuclear isolation technique was adapted in order to examine the question of DNA precursor compartmentation in mammalian cells. By using this method a reproducible proportion of the cellular nucleotides remained associated with the isolated nuclei. Examination, at several different cell densities, of exponentially growing HeLa cells showed that...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: encouragement of Dr. Christopher Mathews, and I wish to thank him for allowing me to work in his laboratory

Prostaglandin F α-induced signal transduction mechanism regulating the secretion of oxytocin from the bovine corpus lutem

Creator:: Orwig, Kyle Edwin
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: . Christopher M6feews A series of experiments were conducted to characterize the isozymes of protein kinase

Oxidative stress in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis : the role of cellular senescence and glutathione

Creator:: Beilby, Pamela R.
Abstract:: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurological disorder characterized by neuromuscular junction decay, motor neuron death, progressive paralysis, and eventually death of the individual, usually by respiratory failure. Oxidative stress is a prominent hallmark of the disease and is often accompanied and exacerbated by mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation. This...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: , Kathy Magnusson, Barb Taylor, and Tory Hagen, who have provided guidance and encouragement

An electrophoretic investigation of nucleoprotein organization in yeast chromatin

Creator:: Szent-Györgyi, Christopher Stephan
Abstract:: I have investigated nucleoprotein organization in chromatin of the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. My approach has been to prepare insoluble, minimally per turbed chromatin from a mitochondrial DNA-free strain of yeast, using a number of new techniques, and then digest this substrate with micrococcal nuclease. The soluble products are electrophoresed on...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: in yeast chromatin AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Christopher S. Szent-Gy6rgyi for the degree of

Sequence conversion during adenovirus DNA replication

Creator:: Bennett, Kelly L.
Abstract:: The work in this thesis has provided conclusive genetic evidence that "panhandle" intermediates form during adenovirus replication. Adenovirus chromosomes lacking 51 by from their left -hand termini are infectious and capable of regenerating the missing origin sequence. Yet if an entire inverted terminal repeat is removed, the adenovirus chromosome is...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Kelly L. Bennett for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biochemistry and

Analysis of secondary structures in nucleic acid binding proteins and nuclear magnetic resonance investigation of helix propagation and residual motions in proteins

Creator:: Hicks, Joshua M.
Abstract:: This thesis involves analyses of 3₂-helices, a-helices and of the change in residual entropy of a protein upon chemical modification. Part of the long-term goal of understanding the formation, function and stability of proteins requires that all conformations be accurately assigned and structurally understood. By a statistical analysis of 258...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: Investigation of Helix Propagation and Residual Motions in Proteins. Abstract approved: Victor L. Hsu This

The function and structural characteristics of conserved regions within Escherichia Coli small subunit ribosomal RNA

Creator:: Almehdi, Mirza A.
Abstract:: Ribosomes are multicomponent macromolecular particles and are essential for the survival of cells in all organisms. The ribosome's universal function is to catalyze polypeptide synthesis through translation of mRNA transcripts. Ribosomes from Escherichia coli, eubacterial organisms, have a sedimentation coefficient of 70S and are composed of 30S and 50S ribonucleoprotein...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: extended to the committee members, Dr. Wilbert Gamble, Dr. Christopher Mathews, Dr. George Pearson, and Dr

DNA binding and beyond : an investigation of proteins involved in PAH-induced carcinogesesis

Creator:: Hooven, Louisa Ada
Abstract:: Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) has been determined to be a risk factor for various forms of human cancer. PAH DNA adducts have been shown to cause mutations, but carcinogenesis is also accompanied by alterations in gene expression. Inhibiting individual cytochrome P450s could clarify the interaction...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: unwavering support. My appreciation is also extended to Dr. P. Shing Ho, Dr. Christopher K. Mathews, and Dr

Characterization of the Structure and Dynamics of the Intrinsically Disordered Dynein Intermediate Chain and its Interactions with Regulatory Binding Partners

Creator:: Morgan, Jessica L.
Abstract:: Cells represent microcosms of spatial and temporal structural organization, with the achievement of internal spatial organization relying upon a collection of macromolecular motor complexes to transport and localize components throughout the cell. Cytoplasmic dynein is one such motor complex, and is the principal ATP-dependent motor for retrograde transport along microtubules...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: Jessica L. Morgan 2015 PhD Dissertation

Vaccinia virus ribonucleotide reductase : regulation of the gene products and characterization of the recombinant small subunit protein

Creator:: Howell, Meredith L.
Abstract:: Ribonucleotide reductase is a remarkable enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of the 2'-deoxynucleoside triphosphates. The intent of this project was to characterize the ribonucleotide reductase encoded by the orthopoxvirus, vaccinia. The first objective was to study the structural and functional features of the viral small subunit...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: THESIS OF Meredith L. Howell for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biochemistry and Biophysics

Protocols, pathways, peptides and the aorta : relationship to atherosclerosis

Creator:: Walsh, Marilyn L.
Abstract:: The vascular system transports components essential to the survival of the individual and acts as a barrier to substances that may injure the organism. Atherosclerosis is a dynamic, lesion producing disease of the arterial system that compromises the functioning of the organ by occlusive and thrombogenic processes. This investigation was...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: atherosclerosis AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Marilyn L. Walsh for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in

Site-directed mutagenesis of the m2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor

Creator:: Vogel, Walter Kevin
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: ; Gary L. Peterson, David J. Broderick, and Michael H. Nesson for patiently instructing me in many of

Biochemical, molecular and physiological characterization of 1-butanol dehydrogenases of Pseudomonas butanovora in butane and 1-butanol metabolism

Creator:: Vangnai, Alisa S.
Abstract:: Butane-grown Pseudomonas butanovora oxidized butane by a soluble butane monooxygenase through the terminal pathway yielding 1 -butanol as the predominant product. Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) involved in butane oxidation in P. butanovora were purified and characterized at the biochemical, genetic and physiological levels. Butane-grown P. butanovora expressed a type I soluble...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: . I would like to express my appreciation to my committee members: Dr. Christopher K. Mathews, Dr

Towards the understanding of the function of the histone "tails" with respect to the structure, stability, and function of chromatin

Creator:: Dong, Feng
Abstract:: By using immobilized trypsin, I have been able to prepare well-defined, stable trypsinized nucleosomes. The difficulties of lacking of control in the extent of trypsinization, which were encountered in previous studies with the use of free trypsin, have been eliminated. The nucleosomes and oligonucleosomes prepared by immobilized trypsin are suitable...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: graduate committee members, Dr. George Bailey, Dr. Shing Ho, Dr. Christopher Mathews, and Dr. John Morris

Towards Resolving Functional and Evolutionary Mysteries of the Large and Heterozygous Genome of Hop (Humulus lupulus) and the Cannabaceae Family Using Genomic Data Science

Creator:: Padgitt-Cobb, Lillian K.
Abstract:: Hop (Humulus lupulus L. var. lupulus) is a diploid, dioecious plant with an extensive history of cultivation and use in brewing, as a textile, and for its therapeutic properties. Hop is prized for its ability to produce a variety of aromatic and flavor compounds, as well as compounds with anti-microbial...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: : David A. Hendrix Hop (Humulus lupulus L. var. lupulus) is a diploid, dioecious plant with an exten

Strength in Numbers: How Multivalent WW-PPXY Interactions Regulate Cell Signaling

Creator:: Vogel, Amber J.
Abstract:: Cell signaling is often mediated by protein-protein interactions, which must be specific, tunable, and transient to allow agile responsiveness to cellular messages. Due to their unique properties, multivalent, intrinsically disordered proteins make ideal candidates to accomplish these vital tasks. A single protein with multiple binding sites may bind numerous partners,...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: thesis is a largely disordered segment of AMOTL1 with three short linear motifs of the sequence L/PPXY

Reactions of protein with phenols and quinones evaluation of amino acid modification and protein digestibility

Creator:: Wehr, Herbert Michael
Abstract:: Plant tissues contain a wide variety of phenolic compounds, frequently in high concentration. Both non-covalent association of intact and oxidized phenols and covalent linkage of oxidized phenols to protein occur. Such interactions can have important biochemical and nutritional significance. A model system approach was used to identify and quantitate amino...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: serum albumin, and poly-L-lysine was indicated. Amino acid analysis of tanned bovine serum albumin

The microtubule system and the canalicular mdr2 P-glycoprotein play a role in the intracellular transport and biliary secretion of α-Tocopherol and phosphatidylcholine in rats and mice

Creator:: Mustacich, Debbie J.
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: of the ODS rat that, as primates and guinea pigs, lacks L-gulonolactone oxidase enzyme activity may

Use of γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase-deficient knockout mice as a model to study the relationship between glutathione status, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell death

Creator:: Will, Yvonne
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, but not by supplementation with ascorbic acid. Both

Mitochondrial glutathione and the effect of perturbed calcium homeostasis on rat hepatocyte thiols

Creator:: Olafsdottir, Kristin
Abstract:: Recent studies have demonstrated that perturbations of intracellular thiol and calcium homeostasis may be important events in the early development of cell injury by toxic chemicals. Incubation of isolated rat hepatocytes in a calcium free medium, severely depleted intracellular Ca²⁺ levels and resulted in the loss of both cytosolic and...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: . 17. Meredith, M. J., and Reed, D. J. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 3747-3753. 18. Lash, L. H., Hagen, T

Hydrodynamic properties of homogeneous double-stranded DNA

Creator:: Kovacic, Roger Timothy
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: , L, where L is in units of X -1 M MLL and the Svedberg equation may be rewritten s - Since the

Towards a Better Understanding of How the Dietary Supplement Xanthohumol Can Improve Health

Creator:: Logan, Isabelle E.
Abstract:: Xanthohumol, a prenylated flavonoid found in hops and beer, possesses a long-standing reputation to improve health. Xanthohumol’s cytotoxicity to a wide variety of cancer cell lines is well-established. Herein we provide further insight into the cytotoxicity of not only xanthohumol, but also its non-estrogenic derivatives, to a number of colonic...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: supported by the 2017-18 Christopher and Catherine Mathews Graduate Fellowship in the Department of

The Role of Cellular Senescence in the Development of Alzheimer's Disease

Creator:: Riordan, Ruben
Abstract:: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative pathology currently affecting nearly 44 million individuals worldwide, yet there are not currently any effective treatments or preventions for AD despite the rapid development in our understanding of the disease over the last four decades. The medical and sanitary innovations of the last century...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: analysis. I would like to thank Dr. Tory Hagen, who was my first introduction to the world of

Underlying Mechanisms of the Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Quercetin in Human Aortic Endothelial Cells : Implications for Vascular Inflammation and Atherosclerosis

Creator:: Li, Chuan
Abstract:: Atherosclerosis is the underlying cause of ischemic heart disease and stroke and is the leading cause of death worldwide, especially in developed countries. As an inflammatory disease of arteries in a hyperlipidemic milieu, expression of adhesion molecules, such as endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (E-selectin) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), on endothelial...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

An integrative approach to understanding pyoluteorin biosynthesis in the biological control bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5

Creator:: Nowak-Thompson, Brian
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: . ['COOK- L-Proline was demonstrated to be the primary precursor of the chlorinated pyrrole moiety within

Structural studies of the antioxidant defense enzymes; copper, zinc superoxide dismutase and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase flavoprotein

Creator:: Roberts, Blaine R.
Abstract:: Oxygen derived radicals are involved in many aspects of life from aging and cell signaling to disease states as diverse as heart disease, diabetes, neurodegeneration and inflammation. Therefore, understanding the function of antioxidant defense proteins and the effects of oxygen derived radicals on protein function is essential to elucidate the...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

In vitro adenovirus DNA replication

Creator:: Chow, Kuan-chih W.
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: vitro. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 47, 731-740. 22. Kaplan, L. M., Ariga, H., Hurwitz, J

Some physical studies on ribonuclease-S and its component parts, S-protein and S-peptide

Creator:: Tiffany, Thomas Oliver
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: was purchased from P. L. Biochemicals, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Uranyl acetate and other inorganic

Conformational Consequences: Calcium Regulates the Association Between Dysferlin C2A & PI(4,5)P2

Creator:: Otto, Shauna C.
Abstract:: Dysferlin is a ∼230 kDa terminally anchored membrane protein that is ubiquitously expressed, but is particularly enriched in skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue. Mutations covering the length of the protein have been linked to muscle wasting diseases including limb-girdle muscular dystrophy and Myoshi myopathy. Dysferlin has been shown to play...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: er in e/ th re o n in e k in a se w h ic h tr a n sl a te s fr o m th e cy to so l to th e m em

Generation and in vitro assembly evaluation of a site-specific deletion in Escherichia coli small subunit ribosomal RNA

Creator:: Yoo, Young Sook
Abstract:: Ribosomes are intricate macromolecular complexes which are a major element of the protein biosynthetic machinery in all life forms. In Escherichia coli they contain about 50 distinct proteins and 3 ribosomal RNAs. The small 30S ribosomal subunit in E. coli incorporates 21 proteins and a 16S rRNA. The 16S rRNA...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: appreciation to Dr. Christopher K. Mathews, Dr. George D. Pearson, Dr. Kensal E. van Holde, and Dr. Wilbert

Transcriptional regulation of the human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide gene

Creator:: Guo, Chunxiao
Abstract:: Human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP/LL-37) is a cationic antimicrobial peptide that is widely expressed by myeloid and epithelial cells at the human-environment interface. It possesses broad spectrum antimicrobial capacity against bacteria, fungi and viruses. In addition to its direct antimicrobial activity, CAMP/LL-37 also attracts and recruits monocytes, neutrophils and other...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: . I would also like to express my gratitude toward Tory Hagen for allowing me to rotate in his

Understanding Circadian and Light-activated Transcriptional Regulatory Changes During Aging in Drosophila melanogaster

Creator:: Fey, Rosalyn M.
Abstract:: Systems biology is a powerful approach which considers and sheds light on all of the puzzle pieces which make up complex biological processes, and is an effective alternative to unraveling these processes using traditional molecular approaches alone. It is a natural companion approach for computational biology, which leverages the power...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Circular dichroism spectroscopy and the conformational analysis of globular proteins in the native and denatured state

Creator:: Compton, Larry A.
Abstract:: A simple matrix method for the analysis of protein circular dichroism (CD) spectra is presented and used to compute the secondary structure of globular proteins in their native and denatured states. The method uses singular value decomposition and generalized inverse algorithms, and a basis set of CD spectra for proteins...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: for publication in the Journal of Biological Chemistry. In the second manuscript, the Christopher

Biophysical basis of macromolecular assembly in the dynein cargo attachment complex

Creator:: Hall, Justin Daniel
Abstract:: Cytoplasmic dynein is an ATP-dependent, microtubule-based molecular motor involved in the positioning and trafficking of cellular cargo. The cargo binding sub-domain of dynein contains the natively disordered intermediate chain (IC) and the homodimeric light chains (Tctex1, LC8 and LC7). The structure and stoichiometry of this complex, how the light chains...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: , Michael Freitag and Christopher Mathews, I would like to thank Rick Faber and Dale Tronrud for distinct

Structure and function of chromatin : studies at the nucleosome and nuclear matrix levels

Creator:: Shih, Ah Shing
Abstract:: Several levels of eukaryotic chromatin structure have been observed: the nucleosome, the 10 nm and 30 nm fibers and loop domains, apparently attached to the nuclear matrix. In this research, the structure and function of chromatin at two of these levels was investigated, with studies on both nucleosome positioning and...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: , Dr. Christopher K. Mathews, Dr. Louis Libertini, Dr. Juan Ausio, and Dr. Pui Shing Ho for their

Characterization of neuronal nitric-oxide synthase reductase activity

Creator:: Wolthers, Kirsten R.
Abstract:: During catalysis the flavoprotein domain of neuronal nitric-oxide synthase (nNOS) shuttles NADPH-derived reducing equivalents from FAD to FMN and then to the P450-heme enabling heme-based oxygen activation and subsequent NO-synthesis. The binding of Ca²⁺-activated calmodulin (Ca²⁺-CaM) to nNOS alleviates inhibition of flavin mediated electron transfer within the diflavin domain, which...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: .......................................................................................................... 193 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1 The NOS-catalyzed two-step conversion of L-arginine toL-citrulline

Analysis of ras gene mutations in rainbow trout tumors

Creator:: Chang, Yung-jin
Abstract:: For ras gene mutation analysis in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) model system, a partial trout ras sequence was identified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Two synthetic oligonucleotides based on rat K-ras gene sequence were used as primers for the PCR procedure. A 90 base pair (bp) sequence, referred...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: , David Williams, Rod Dashwood, Mark Daeschel, Christopher Mathews. Lab colleagues, Dan Arbogast, Jean

In vivo Reactions of Tetrazines Incorporated through Genetic Code Expansion

Creator:: Blizzard, Robert J.
Abstract:: The inverse electron demand Diels Alder reaction between tetrazines and strained alkenes is an exceptionally useful tool in functionalizing to biomolecules since it is orthogonal to the chemistry of most living systems and have exceptionally high rate constants. In particular reactions between strained trans-cyclooctenes (sTCO) and tetrazines can achieve second...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

The mechanism of interaction of the linker histone with DNA and nucleosomes

Creator:: Ellen, Thomas Patrick
Abstract:: This dissertation examines the interaction of the linker histone with DNA and with nucleosomes. The first goal of the project was to characterize the interaction of the linker histone with DNA. Three factors previously reported to influence the linker histone's interaction with DNA were examined: ratio of linker histone to...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: support he has shown me during the course of this work. Thanks also go to Dr. Christopher K. Mathews

Stabilization of Z-DNA by demethylation of thymine bases : a crystallization and thermo-dynamic study of d(m⁵CGUAm⁵CG)

Creator:: Zhou, Guangwen
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: to express my appreciation to Dr. Kensal E. van Ho lde for his encouragement and to Dr. Christopher K

Hemoglobin-binding proteins in the amphibian Taricha granulosa

Creator:: Francis, Ralph T.
Abstract:: The first reported observation of hemoglobin association with a plasma protein was made by Polonovski and Jayle in 1938. Since that time, countless investigators have contributed to the characterization of the hemoglobin- binding plasma protein, haptoglobin. Haptoglobins have been found in many mammals, including humans and in various birds. However,...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: kindled in me appreciation and interest in protein structure and function. Dr. Christopher Mathews who

In vivo and in vitro characterization of ammonia monooxygenase in Nitrosomonas europaea

Creator:: Juliette, Lisa Yvonne
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: Professor Christopher Mathews for accepting me into the Biochemistry and Biophysics graduate program at

New methods for sedimentation and diffusion analysis of macromolecular structure

Creator:: Demeler, Borries
Abstract:: Methods are presented to acquire data from analytical ultracentrifugation experiments by computer using the absorption optical scanning system of the Beckman Model-E ultracentrifuge. A computer program was written which analyzes sedimentation velocity experiments by the van Holde - Weischet method and by the second moment method. The van Holde -...
Resource Type:: Dissertation
Full Text:: represented by the flow equation, with the flow equal to zero (7): (6) L[w2rM(1 7p) RT8C] 0, L = CC Sr Nf

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