The ectomycorrhizal fungi Cenococcum geophilum, Hebeloma
crustuliniforme and Laccaria laccata produced ethylene in vitro in
modified Melin-Norkrans liquid medium only if amended with 2.5 to
10 mM methionine; Pisolithus tinctorius failed to produce ethylene
unless the cultures were renewed with fresh methionine-amended
medium prior to ethylene assay. An additional 19...
A physio-ecological study of Lobaria pulmonaria (L. ) Hoffm.
was done to determine if geographic variation occurred within the
species. Lobaria pulmonaria was collected from Table Mountain,
Oak Creek, and Lost Prairie, located in the Coast Range, Willamette
Valley, and Cascade Range respectively in Western Oregon.
During 1971 and 1972...
A study of the McKenzie River floodplains, terraces and glacial
outwash plains was undertaken to classify and describe the vegetation
and soils of a previously little studied synecological unit.
During the summer of 1971, 54 analytic vegetation and soil
plots (stands) were studied. Cover and frequency of all trees, shrubs,...
A study was made to clarify the relationships of Mentzelia mollis
Peck and two poorly understood taxa of Mentzelia (Loasaceae) to the
other members of the genus, its sections, and its subsections, and
to describe the general ecology of each taxon.
Within the genus, the section Trachyphytum is characterized by...
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae from Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon
was introduced into culture in a precipitate -free medium developed
by modification of McLachlan's ASM medium. This medium ASMT
No. 8 contained no organic substances other than ethylendiaminetetraacetate
(EDTA) and Trishydroxymethylamino methane (Tris),
and was developed by modifying the concentrations of certain elements,...
Western dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium campylopodum Engelm.
1. campylopodum) is a parasite of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa
Laws. ). The objectives of this investigation are: (a) to formulate a
mathematical description of the process of dwarf mistletoe disease
spread in a pine forest, (b) to use this description to predict the...
The cell wall of dry, dormant conidia of Aspergillus nidulans
is three-layered. The wall of hydrated conidia is five-layered and
the germ tube wall is continuous with the innermost layer. The
outermost layer consists of rodlets measuring 10 nm in diameter.
Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum increase in number and
amount,...
Polygalacturonase produced by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
lycopersici was purified by chromatography on DEAE cellulose, CM
cellulose, and hydroxylapatite. Removal of large amounts of carbohydrate
by chromatography on hydroxylapatite did not affect heat
stability of the enzyme. A large proportion of the remaining carbohydrate
appeared to be covalently linked to...
Meiotic chromosome counts from 200 populations of Claytonia
(Montia) perfoliata (sensu lato) reveal a polyploid pillar complex based
on three morphologically different, chemically distinct, and geographically
defined diploids. The basic chromosome number is x=6.
Diploid C. perfoliata Willdenow with linear juvenile leaves and deltoid
mature basal leaves ranges southeastward from...
Cultural and developmental characteristics of a collection of
Anthracobia melaloma with a brown hymenium and a barred exterior
appearance were examined. It grows well in culture on CM and
CMMY agar media and has a growth rate of 17 mm in 18 hours. It is
heterothallic and produces asexual multinucleate...
The acyclic monoterpene geraniol was biosynthesized from
¹⁴CO₂ in Pelargonium graveolens (rose geranium) and isolated from
the hexane-extractable fraction in five experiments. Experiments 1
and 2 were preliminary experiments in which the total incorporation
of label into geranium oil was determined. In experiments 3 and 4a and
4b both incorporation...
This study sought a better understanding of the mechanism of
the near-ultraviolet inhibition of microsclerotia and pigment formation
in the fungus Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke & Berth. by observing
changes which occur in certain major biochemical components:
lipids, chitin, RNA, DNA, protein carbohydrates, and pigment.
The most important finding was that...
Chamaecyparis lawsoniana, an extremely valuable timber tree
species, is highly susceptible to a serious, soil -borne root disease
caused by Phytophthora lateralis. Disease outbreaks of epidemic
proportions are continually causing high mortality in natural stands
of the host tree. Practical control measures rely on an understanding
of the many factors...
One hundred seventy-eight Agrobacterium isolates, 120 United
States (U.S.), 26 Australian and 32 of miscellaneous origin, were
characterized for their reactions to 20 biochemical and physiological
tests. Isolate pathogenicity and degree of host specificity, utilization
of nopaline and octopine, and sensitivity to agrocin-84 also were
determined. The U.S. isolates were...
Root rot caused by Armillariella mellea creates roughly circular
disease centers of infected dead and dying trees in the younggrowth
ponderosa pine forest under study. Research objectives concerning
chemical control of the disease were: 1) to test the
effectiveness of certain chemicals in protecting living pines adjacent
to disease centers...
An investigation was undertaken to determine whether
potassium is indeed necessary for the in vivo synthesis of a
specific protein. The effects of univalent cations on the
inductive formation of nitrate reductase and on the level of
activity of representative non-adaptive enzyme are presented.
Cultures of Neurospora crassa were grown...
This paper describes an attempt to ascertain the enzyme system
responsible for melanin formation in a melanin-and-microsclerotia-forming strain of Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke and Berth.
Previous work showed that near-UV radiation (3200-400 A⁰) inhibits
melanin synthesis and microsclerotia development in this strain and
that catechol almost wholly reverses this inhibition. During...
A taxonomic study of the genus Trichopezizella Raitviir is
presented. T. nidulus var. nidulus, T. horridula, T. barbata, and
T. relicina var. relicina are fully described and figured. Three
provisional combinations are made: T. nidulus var. hystriculus, T.
nidulus var. setigera, and T. relicina var. macrospora. T. onocleae
and T....
Footrot of wheat (Cercosporella herpotrichoides Fron) is a
major disease of winter wheat in certain areas of the world having a
cool, damp winter and early spring climate. In Oregon, it is an
economic problem in the higher rainfall wheat-growing areas in the
eastern portion of the state. This study...
The primary objective of this thesis is to study, characterize
and compare four types of Scenedesmus obliquus pigment mutants with
the wild-type strain. The specific nature of the carotenoids synthesized
in both heterotrophically and myxotrophically-grown cells, Hill
reaction activity, photoreduction activity, and total photosynthetic
activity of these cells are examined....
In 1967, Doi et al. proposed the hypothesis that 'yellows type
diseases' are caused by mycoplasma. Since then more than 60
yellows diseases have been associated with mycoplasma-like bodies
(MLB) (Maramorosch, 1973). The majority of these associations are
based upon electron microscopic observations of mycoplasma-like
bodies in situ. However, little...
Xanthoria polycarpa is a foliose lichen, commonly found as an
epiphyte in the Willamette Valley of western Oregon. This study was
undertaken to determine some of the effects of environmental factors
on ascospore discharge and germination in X. polycarpa.
Ascospores were collected on glass slides suspended above
lichen thalli. Abundant...
In vitro tests showed mycelial growth of Pyrenochaeta
terrestris was inhibited by root and bulb extracts from the pink root
resistant onion cultivar Nebuka, but not by extracts from the susceptible
Southport White Globe. The active principle was shown to be
fungistatic rather than fungicidal. It is present in both...
A transaminase (aminotransferase, EC 2. 6. 1) was extracted and
purified approximately 148-fold from shoot tips of pea (Pisum sativum
L. cv. Alaska) seedlings and some properties of the enzyme were
determined. The purification included acetone precipitation followed
by column chromatography on hydroxylapatite.
With a-ketoglutarate as co-substrate, the acetone precipitated...
Race identification of stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis West. )
is influenced by environment, pathogen variability and host age.
Isolates of stripe rust were collected in the Pacific Northwest and
characterized on two sets of differential varieties; the "Oregon" and
the United States. Six of the seven isolates tested on the...
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. (sub-alpine fir) trees of comparable
vigor growing in eastern British Columbia were studied in
order to determine the effects of cork bark disease on phellogen and
vascular cambium activity.
Diseased trees form hard deeply fissured rhytidome several
inches thick over large areas of the bole when...
Spores of Equisetum were germinated and the resulting
gametophytes grown to maturity in standard microcultures. Light and
electron microscope observations were made of the chloroplasts
within the gametophytes.
These chloroplasts were found to be oval to dumb-bell shaped
organelles possessing organized grana. By means of time-lapse
movies they were shown...
The fungus Verticillium dahliae Kleb. causes a wilt disease of
peppermint, Mentha pipertita L. Propane flaming of peppermint
stubble is widely used to control Verticillium wilt in the Willamette
Valley of Oregon, but little is known about the temperature required
for effective control of the fungus.
The purposes of this...
Two sampling lines were established in the intertidal region at
each of three geographically separate sites on the coast of Oregon.
Each sampling line, which was positioned in the zone dominated by
the brown alga Hedophyllum sessile, was one meter in height and
extended 50 meters horizontally. Information was sought...
Eight primary ambrosia fungi, Raffaelea canadensis, R.
sulcati, Ambrosiella brunnea, A. ferruginea, A. gnathotrichi, A.
hartigii, A. sulcati, and A. sulphurea (Fungi Imperfecti), were found
in association with 11 ambrosia beetle species (Scolytidae and Platypodidae).
The fungi are reported from new beetle symbionts, new
tree hosts, and/or increased geographical distribution....
Phytophthora lateralis Tucker and Milbrath, causal agent of a serious fungus root rot of Chamaecyparis lawsoniana, has seriously damaged natural stands in southwestern Oregon forests and affected ornamentals throughout the Pacific Northwest. Progress with an effective control program in the field has been limited by lack of critical knowledge of...
A two phase investigation was undertaken in an attempt to determine the effects of variations in salinity on the distribution of benthic estuarine diatoms. The estuary studied was that of the Yaquina River which originates in the Coast Range of western Oregon and discharges into the Pacific Ocean at the...
The structure of two oak woodland types in the Santa Rosa region
of the Santa Ana Mountains of southern California has been described
by Zuill (1967). One type called the grass oak woodland (GOW) is
composed mainly of Q. engelmannii on hills and slopes. The other
type called the dense...
The purpose of the work is to enable students of botany to identify
accurately Oregon ferns, both as living plants and as dried specimens.
Therefore, it provides vegetative keys to the families, genera
and species of the ferns (Class FILICINAE) found in Oregon. Correct
names have been determined using the...
Sediment samples were collected from eight sampling sites
along the Yaquina Estuary, Oregon from Yaquina Bay to Elk City near
the head of the estuary. Samples were collected in November 1973,
February 1974, May 1974 and August 1974 from two or three intertidal
levels depending on the magnitude of the...
The Brassicaceae, Mustard Family, is a well marked natural
family, whose tetramerous flowers, tetradynamous stamens, and
distinctive bi- carpellary fruits, clearly distinguish it from related
families. It is a large family of some 3, 000 recognized species and
over 300 genera. Although numerous attempts have been made over
the past...
A taxonomic study of the genus Gautieria Vitt. is presented.
Existing type collections were re-examined, fully described and
figures. Twenty-six species are recognized. Two provisional subgenera
are proposed: Gautieria and Clelandia. Within the subgenus
Gautieria, two provisional sections are proposed: Gautieria and
Trappea. G. morchellaeformis var. globospora, and
G. morchellaeformis...
The study of the vegetation of one of the natural coastal
prairies in Oregon was undertaken for the purpose of describing
some of its synecological features. Specific objectives of the study
were to describe certain plant assemblages in the study area, present
phenological relationships on some of the assemblages, and...
Ecological and historical information are combined in examining the environmental influence of fire and grazing on rangelands in eastern Oregon through time. Competitive relationships between herbaceous and woody flora in the northern Great Basin are discussed, focusing broadly on the shrubsteppe regions 'of Franklin and Dyrness (1973) but with special...
Factors limiting effective extraction and purification of bean
yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) were investigated. Since the use of published
techniques for purifying BYMV resulted in low yields of partially
purified virus, an improved method for partial purification of this
virus was developed. The following treatments of infectious crude extract
decreased...
Ecological factors associated with the relictual distribution of
the endemic shrub Kalmiopsis leachiana (Ericaceae) were investigated.
A prostrate evergreen species with small coriaceous leaves,
K. leachiana is restricted to two disjunct populations in the Siskiyou
Mountains and southern Cascade Mountains of southwestern Oregon,
USA. Exact distributions of individual populations were...
A study was undertaken in the Marys Peak watershed with the
following objectives. First, a classification of the major plant communities
was carried out. Second, some of the ecological features
of Acer circinatum that account for its distribution within these
communities were determined. The following plant communities
are described:
Corylus...
A study was made of the subgenus Genuini of the genus Juncus in the Pacific States, California, Oregon and Washington. Extensive morphological comparisons, geographical distributions, habitat differences and observations of apparent presence or absence of natural hybrids provided the major data sources. Cytological studies were made, but were inconclusive. Eleven...
Sand dunes are found along the coasts of most of the large land
masses of the world. Because of their proximity to man and his
activities, the maritime sand dunes of Europe, particularly Germany,
France, Holland and Scandinavia, have the longest history of stabilization
activities and botanical investigation. There are...