Large quantities of copper and zinc bearing ores exist in Oregon. The metals are present as sulfides in small concentrations so that it is difficult and uneconomical to mine them by the conventional sulfuric acid electrowinning process. A new process was developed to make mining of the copper and zinc...
Redlich and Kister have developed two methods for evaluating
thermodynamic consistency of vapor-liquid equilibrium data. These
same authors also developed a power series for classifying systems
according to the number of coefficients required to define the data.
Stockett found it was difficult to classify systems by this method.
Macan suggested...
The graphite anode reaction in a fused carbonate electrolyte is
studied theoretically and experimentally. Data on open circuit cell
potentials indicate, for operation below 900°C, only a small fraction
of the free energy of reaction is converted to electrical work.
Anode polarization measurements were made for current densities
of up...
Local and average heat transfer coefficients for heat transfer from internal tubes to a fluidized bed were investigated. A fluidized bed heat exchanger was compared to a baffled and an unbaffled exchanger in terms of power and heat transfer surface area requirements. The fluidized bed heat exchanger consisted of a...
The diffusion coefficients of several chlorinated hydrocarbons
in air were determined by using an Arnold cell. The chlorinated
hydrocarbons used were carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, 1, 2-
dichloroethane and dichloromethane. To determine the reliability
of the experimental method, diffusion coefficients were obtained
for benzene and ethanol. These were compared with diffusion...
A method for measuring chemical reaction rates in order to
distinguish between different reaction mechanisms is presented.
This method was used to study zero -, first- and second -order reactions
by analyzing the output response to a sinusoidal input of
reactant concentrations in an isothermal continuous stirred tank
reactor.
The...
A new method for determining ion exchange equilibrium
data by liquid scintillation counting of the equilibrated solution
phase is described. This method has been applied to determine
equilibria between Dowex 50W X8, a commercial strong cation exchange
resin, and binary and ternary solution containing the varying combinations
of H⁺¹, Cs⁺¹,...
The mechanism of continuously chlorinated silver-silver
chloride electrode performance was studied by using a wiped, rotating,
partially submerged, cylindrical silver cathode. The cell
performance using a zinc anode was measured, and the rate of
chlorination of silver was calculated for several water saturated
chlorine atmospheres.
At 75°F, with a chlorine...
The momentum transfer characteristics of liquid-liquid dispersions
were studied under conditions of turbulent flow in a cirular
conduit. Experiments were conducted to obtain drop size, friction
factors and velocity profiles for three organic phases dispersed in
water.
The test sections consisted of straight copper tubes 1-inch OD
and 0.830-inch ID....
An investigation was made of various methods for the
preparation of yttrium or rare-earth metals by metallothermic reduction.
Particular emphasis was placed on the use of high-purity chloride
salts as intermediates. Methods were stressed which appeared
adaptable to production of high-purity, ductile metal on a plant
scale.
Reactions were chosen...
The chemically similar elements hafnium and zirconium occur
together in nature. Because of their very dissimilar nuclear
properties it is of commercial importance to separate them for use
in the atomic energy field. One or more of the steps in the separation
and purification processes presently used involve the volatile...
The amine extraction process is evaluated for pulse column
operation. A 0.1 M solution of Primene JM-T (a commercial mixture
of tertiary-alkyl primary amines) in a kerosene-base diluent is
the extractant for thorium feed in aqueous acidic sulfate solutions.
Equilibrium isotherms at room temperature are presented at
aqueous acidities of...
The
performance
of
solid
metallic
anodes
on
a
solid
electrolyte
was
determined
experimentally
and
data
on
cell
current,
cell
voltage,
open-circuit
cell
potential,
and
cell
energy
are
presented.
Fifteen-mole
percent
calcia-stabilized
zirconia
was used
as
the
electrolyte,
a
platinum-oxygen
electrode
was used
as
the cathode,
and 1000° C
was
the...
The relative conductance at room temperature of a solution in
kaolin membranes was studied as a function of the volume fraction of
the membrane. The resistances of the membrane and of the solution
were measured for various volume fractions, and the conductance of
the membrane relative to the solution was...
Incipient boiling and burnout heat fluxes were studied for sub-cooled forced convection annular flow. Small wires varying from 0.010
to 0.020 inch in diameter were used as the inner core of the annulus
and a one inch ID glass tube 24 inches long was used as the outer tube.
This...
A liquid sulfur dioxide battery, such as K/KCl SbCl₅ (0.25
molar) + IBr₃ (15 %wt) + SO₂ (1)/carbon matrix is shown to have an
open circuit voltage greater than 3.70 volts and an initial voltage of
3.15 volts, decreasing to 2.40 volts in 10 minutes at a current density
of...
Momentum transfer in an annular duct with upward gas-Iiquid
flow was studied under the condition that the liquid flowed as a film
only on the inner core of the annulus, the outer wall remaining dry.
Previous workers have studied climbing and falling liquid
films in tubes or on vertical planes....