Small molecule drugs have been instrumental in our fight against diseases, beginning when some of the earliest ancient cultures used plant remedies to treat illnesses. More recently, the skill of isolating and characterizing the active ingredients within bioactive plants and microbial extracts has led to the isolation and design of...
The reaction of certain purin-8-ols with phosphorus
oxychloride and N,N-diethylaniline are described.
9-Amino-6-chloropurin-8-ol monohydrate reacted with
phosphorus oxychloride and N, N-diethylaniline to yield
the phosphorus oxychloride adduct. Other purin-8-ols
were prepared and the production of analogs similar to
the previously mentioned adduct was attempted.
6-Chloropurin-8-ol and 6, 9-diaminopurin-8-ol hydrochloride
monohydrate...
Ethanolysis reactions were conducted on the flavonoids, such
as, catechin, quercetin and dihydroquercetin, and polymeric phenolic
components from conifer barks, such as, mountain hemlock phlobatannin
and Douglas-fir phlobaphene with the object of ascertaining
their chemical relationship. These reactions were carried out with
absolute ethanol in the presence of 2.5% hydrogen...
The unique reaction between 4, 6-dimethoxy-5-nitropyrimidine
and methylhydrazine was investigated. The reaction product was
identified as 4-hydrazino-6-hydroxypyrimidine from (a) spectral
data, (b) by direct synthesis of the product via 4-chloro-6-hydroxypyrimidine
and hydrazine, and (c) by conversion of the product to
the known 4-amino-6-hydroxypyrimidine using Raney nickel. The
product was not...
A high-spectral resolution laser-excited molecular fluorescence
system was developed that utilizes a pulsed supersonic expansion to
simplify the fluorescence excitation spectra of large, gas-phase
aromatic molecules diluted in an excess of a monatomic gas. A
microcomputer was used to control and synchronize the instrumental
components, which included a Chromatix CMX-4...
The first area of investigation involves the electron transport
of sub-mitochondrial particles and their components. The second
area is the synthesis of ATP and other energy linked reactions and
components of the energy conservation and transfer apparatus.
Investigations on the nature of the tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine
(TMPD) shunt indicated that tetrachlorohydroquinone (TCHQ)...
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of contaminants of great concern due to their toxicity and ubiquity in the environment. Remediation efforts historically have focused on granular activated carbon (GAC) because of its low maintenance and relatively low cost. However, GAC is not PFAS selective and is especially...
Public attention and concern about per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are increasing due to detection of PFASs in drinking water supplies, the environment, including remote locations, and wildlife and to the lowering of the federal health advisory levels of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) in drinking water. Aqueous film-forming...
The study of natural products (NPs) and their application has shaped humanity. Starting with the idea of using plants as medicine, it has now grown into the science of purifying and identifying organic molecules from nature to study their inherent biological activities. Understanding the molecular structures of NPs is the...
This thesis describes a Mossbauer effect and electron
paramagnetic resonance study of iron (III) tetraphenylporphyrinatobenzenethiolate
benzene thiol, an analog compound
for bacterial cytochrome P-450. The compound is unusual in
that it provides a model for the two ferric reaction states
of cytochrome P-450. The iron in the model compound exhibits...
Water and methanol adsorption isotherms at 25° and 37° C.
were determined on a series of organo-bentonite clays. The clays
differed in the length of the carbon chain attached to the amine adsorbed
in the cation exchange position. The amines used had carbon
chains of 4, 6, 8, 10, 12,...
In Part I, (4S,5R)-4,5-dimethyl-4-phenylcyclohex-2-enone (19a) was prepared in 73% yield with high enantio- and diastereo-selectivity (er > 98:2, dr > 20:1) on a multigram scale by a Yamada-Otani condensation between (E)-pent-3-en-2-one and 2-phenylpropanal catalyzed by a sulfonimide derivative of (S)-proline (18, HuaCat®). Synthetically useful transformations of the cyclohexenone product 19a...
Oxidative stress is recognized as an important underlying factor in the
pathogenesis of many degenerative diseases as well as normal senescence. The
free radicals, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and electrophiles produced during
oxidative stress are capable of modifying nucleic acids, lipids and proteins. There
are a variety of oxidative modifications...