The construction industry employs about 7% of the total US workforce, and yet it accounts for 15.7% of all occupational fatalities. Specifically in 2011, there were 721 deaths in construction, second only to transportation with 733. The cause of a large number of these construction deaths can be attributed to...
The Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar ‐ B (EAARL‐B), which was built and deployed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 2014, is a novel topographic‐bathymetric lidar system. While retaining a number of features that were pioneered in the original National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) EAARL system (e.g., low...
Non-destructive testing methods and applications have become of increasing interest due to the worldwide aging and deteriorating infrastructure network. In the field of Civil Engineering, bridges and bridge components as well as non-structural elements such as roadway pavements for example, are affected. In particular, the Acoustic Emission (AE) technique offers...
Capacity of transverse 1950's vintage reinforced concrete deck girder bridge bent caps with large straight bar anchorages were investigated and evaluated. Eleven subassemblage column specimens were examined with different anchorage lengths, bar groupings, amount of transverse steel, and externally applied axial force. Test results showed an increase in anchorage capacity...
Large numbers of vintage reinforced concrete deck-girder bridges remain in the national bridge inventory. Many of these exhibit diagonal cracking and other distress. Due to the design practices of the time, it is common to observe cracks at locations where flexural reinforcing steel is terminated along the span. The presence...
Article 1: Behavior of Epoxy Injected Diagonally Cracked Full-Scale CRC Deck-Girders.
Many cast-in place reinforced concrete deck-girder bridges (RCDG) remain in the national inventory and exhibit diagonal cracking. Epoxy injection has been in use for several decades as a method for sealing diagonal cracks, but the effects on girder behavior...
This thesis documents the evaluation of the initial performance of pavement
containing recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) in Oregon. The research was funded
by the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) and the Federal Highway
Administration and was conducted at Oregon State University. The key
objectives of this thesis are to document...
Long-term durability of surface-bonded carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) U-wraps for shear strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) bridge members remains uncertain due to the limited field experience with these materials. This paper provides experimental results from the testing of full-scale RC bridge girder specimens after exposure to prolonged freeze-thaw cycling. CFRP...
Current ACI design provisions for shear in reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened
with externally bonded carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) U-wraps may not adequately account for the effect of scale. This paper describes tests of 6 geometrically scaled beams to identify possible scale effects of such beams. Results indicated that effective...
Hydrazine based fuels are used by the Air Force for the Titan II
and Minuteman III missiles and the F-16 aircraft and by the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration for propulsion systems and the
Space Shuttle Program. These uses represent significant production,
transportation and storage of these fuels, and, as...
A study of the effect of mixing on the oxygen uptake rate of
estuarine bottom deposits is presented. The method of study involved
the mixing of samples of bottom deposits with the overlying water to
result in concentrations of suspended matter in the same order as
observed in the estuary....
Fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) are becoming more widely used for repair and strengthening of conventionally reinforced concrete (CRC) bridge members. Once installed, the repair may be exposed to millions of load cycles during service life. The anticipated life of FRP repairs for shear strengthening of bridge members under repeated service...
In this study, the effects of implementing different wind input or physics packages in a numerical wave model to recreate large wave conditions are explored. Three large wave events are simulated with WaveWatch III. The wind inputs which are compared are NCEP's Global Forecasting System (GFS) with 0.5 degree resolution...
Concrete has been categorized as a key contributor of CO2 (carbon) emissions into the atmosphere. This is mostly associated with the production of ordinary portland cement (OPC). The concrete and cement industries are pursuing a path to reduce their carbon emissions generally in accordance with the climate change goals outlined...
The coagulation of effluent from the kraft pulping and
papermaking process was investigated. The amount of material
coagulated from saline mixtures of the effluent is determined
as a function of time, salinity, kraft effluent
concentration, and mixture pH. Individual sources of salinity
include sea water and several different solutions of...
The re-introduction of large woody debris (LWD) into streams and rivers for stream restoration purposes is rapidly growing. Engineered log jams (ELJs) are man-made structures intended to mimic natural LWD structures, designed and installed to protect stream banks from erosion while increasing habitat diversity. Several studies have evaluated the flow...
Long-term durability of surface-bonded carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) for shear strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) bridge members remains uncertain due to the limited field experience with these materials. This paper provides experimental results from the testing of full-scale RC bridge girder specimens after exposure to prolonged environmental exposure and combined...
The dynamic philosophy of education as applied to the undergraduate Civil Engineering program has been influenced by such factors
as the introduction of new theories, the demands
and needs of our society and the personnel responsible for teaching.
These changes
are reflected in the curriculum as witnessed
by a historical...
The LRFR Manual, within commentary Article C6.4.4.2.3, contains provisions for development of site-specific live load factors. In Oregon, truck Weigh-in-Motion (WIM) data were used to develop live load factors for use on state-owned bridges. The factors were calibrated using the same statistical methods that were used in the original development...
In the past ten years, renewed research interest has shown the benefits of internal curing by incorporating saturated lightweight fine aggregate (LWFA) in high performance concrete (HPC). As a result, the technology of internal curing has steadily progressed from laboratory studies to field applications. To determine the optimum LWFA content,...
Geospatial data analysis is a multifaceted discipline encompassing the collection, processing, and visualization of diverse datasets. It models and delineates the interactions of people, objects, and phenomena within geographical spaces and predicts patterns based on the relationships between different locations. Despite significant advancements in geospatial data engineering and analytics over...
The advancement of the cutting-edge technologies of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) hold promises to reshape the future of the transportation system. The concept of connected (CV) and connected automated vehicles (CAV) technologies are live examples of the future transportation. Vehicle communication technology is expected to impact conventional traffic conditions....
In the field of civil infrastructure, bridge desks are typically constructed using high performance concrete (HPC). Concrete bridge decks demand qualities such as low permeability, high abrasion resistance, superior durability, and long design life. Over decades of field and laboratory experience, many HPC bridge decks have been found to be...
While safety improvements have been made in the construction industry, construction still experiences one of the highest numbers of fatalities annually compared to other industries in the United States with over 970 fatalities in 2016 alone. This number of fatalities drives researchers and safety managers to improve safety measures and...
Probability-based reliability methods have placed an increased emphasis on realistic simulation of structural behavior in bridge engineering. Uncertainty is present in every aspect of structural analysis. Aleatory uncertainties in the loading and load-carrying capacities, and epistemic uncertainties in mathematical idealization of bridge systems are the major contributors to uncertain structural...
With all of the efforts that have been conducted over the past 100 years since the first accident causation theory was published, the Accident Proneness theory by Vernon (1918), the construction still trails among different industries in terms of fatal and nonfatal work injuries. Theories and models that have been...
During the interstate expansion of the 1950s, many conventionally reinforced concrete
deck girder bridges were built throughout the country. These now vintage bridges
commonly exhibit diagonal cracking and rate inadequately for shear, thus they are
candidates for shear strengthening to extend their useful life. Near-surface mounted
(NSM) retrofitting is a...
Many conventionally reinforced concrete deck girder bridges (RCDG) and their intermediate supporting bent caps were designed during the Eisenhower interstate era of the 1950’s with the AASHO design equations at the time, which subsequently place higher demand on the concrete. The referenced components may exhibit diagonal cracking due to the...
Many conventionally reinforced concrete deck girder (RCDG) bridges were built in the US during the 1950s, throughout the expansion of the Interstate System. Designs followed the AASHO standard of the time, which permitted higher shear stress in concrete and reduced detailing requirements than permitted by current specifications. Many of these...