Elite inbred sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) lines were found to have short-lived embryo and seed covering dormancies. Seed dormancy of wild sunflowers (H. annuus, H. argophyllus and H. exilis) was found to be controlled primarily by the seed covering (seed coat and pericarp) and embryo dormancy was short-lived (four to...
Root rot of sweet corn in western Oregon and Washington is a significant disease that
can reduce yield of intolerant cultivars of processed sweet corn by fifty percent. Root rot
is caused by a complex of soilborne organisms, including Drechslera sp., Phoma
terrestris, and Pythium arrhenomanes. Processors have adopted tolerant...
Interspecific hybridization was initiated between wild P. acutifolius accession G40199 and P. vulgaris to introgress resistance to Acanthoscelides obtectus (bean seed weevil). F1 interspecific hybrids were recovered by embryo rescue and maintained until flowering. Mostly sterile hybrids were backcrossed twice to common bean cultivar ICA Pijao to recover sufficient fertility...
The effect of primocane management on flowering and fruiting patterns was studied in primocane-fruiting blackberry (Rubus subgenus Rubus, Watson) cultivars 'Prime-Jan'® and 'Prime-Jim'® over two years. Primocanes that were "soft-tipped" (upper 2-5 cm removed) at 1.0 m were compared to un-tipped canes. In both years, soft-tipped primocanes developed 2-3 fold...
Seed germination sensu stricto is defined as the physiological events before the radicle tip ruptures the covering tissues. The ability of the radicle to elongate (or germination potential) is observed in developing embryos prior to completion of seed maturation. When embryos at early developmental stages, such as globular, heart, torpedo...
White mold, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, results in severe losses in the production of common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, especially snap bean varieties. Advanced backcross QTL analysis was used to identify quantitative trait loci for resistance to white mold in an interspecific cross of P. vulgaris and P....
The hundred-year history of the hazelnut industry in the Pacific Northwest is threatened by eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by the fungus Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) has been extensively used for ‘Gasaway’ resistance in the hazelnut breeding program at Oregon State University. Concern over breakdown of...
In recent years, there has been renewed interest in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) breeding. This has been spurred by an increase in black raspberry consumption due to studies that have shown them to be particularly high in anthocyanin content indicating high levels of antioxidants. Present cultivars are ill adapted...
In mature Arabidopsis seeds, the testa (seed coat) is no longer a living tissue. Thus,
major sites of gene expression in imbibed seeds are the internal living tissues such
as the embryo and the endosperm. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of seed
germination, the gene regulation in these two tissues...
Orchard floor management (OFM) practices can improve soil function and alter
the soil biological community. Soil function is dependent on soil forming materials and
on management practices but little is known about how OFM affect orchard soil quality,
fertilizer N uptake, or tree growth and production.
Research plots were located...
A rootstock trial was established in 1997 at the OSU Woodhall vineyard, located in the Southern Willamette Valley, which included two experiments. The first experiment was a factorial of four varieties grafted on to 9 rootstocks, and also as ungrafted vines (a split-plot design). The second experiment was a randomized...
In Pisum, the Np gene conditions two mitotic responses - to bruchid weevil oviposition on the pod and to reduced UV light. Oviposition by the weevil results in tumorous or neoplastic growth under the egg. Biochemically active compounds, called bruchins, were isolated from two bruchid insects (Doss et al, 2000)....
Solanum species differ in their degree of frost tolerance and cold acclimation capacity. Cultivated potato species of Solanum tuberosum L. are frost-sensitive, incapable of cold acclimation, and have a maximum freezing tolerance of –3°C. Solanum commersonii Dun is frost-tolerant and can survive to –5ºC pre-acclimation and –10ºC post-acclimation. Breeding attempts...
It is estimated that 50-75% of Oregon vineyards cultivate at least every other alley in order to 1) reduce water stress 2) increase vineyard canopy temperatures and 3) increase nutrient availability. Because many vineyards are situated on steep hillsides, frequent tillage could result in increased soil erosion, decreased soil quality...
Experiments focusing on plant growth regulators’ concentrations and combination, mineral salt formulations and TDZ pretreatment formations were conducted to optimize in vitro shoot regeneration from leaf and petiole explants of 'Marion' blackberry. Optimum shoot formation was obtained when stock plants were incubated in TDZ pretreatment medium for three weeks before...
The effect of incorporated sawdust, sawdust mulch and nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate on soil nutrients and other properties, N uptake, and plant growth in a young blueberry planting on a silt loam soil type was studied in 2004 and 2005. ‘Elliott’ highbush blueberry plants were established on raised beds that...
Research was conducted in the field and greenhouse to determine if a
kaolinite-based particle film, Surround®, would reduce colonization and early season
feeding damage in cucurbits by the Western Striped Cucumber Beetle, Acalymma
trivitattum (Mannerheim). Greenhouse studies were designed to determine effect of
particle film on cucumber dry weight production...
The objectives of this project were to determine the effects of harvest maturity, packaging, and storage conditions on subsequent fruit quality of Actinidia arguta ‘Ananasnaya’ and to investigate the use of edible coatings to improve fruit quality and storage life. The influences of harvest maturity (6.0, 8.7, 9.1, and 15.1%...
Experiments were conducted to determine the influence of cultural management practices on weed growth in nursery containers. Experiments 1 and 2 evaluated the effects of dolomitic lime rate and application method on substrate pH, creeping woodsorrel (Oxalis corniculata L.) establishment in containers, and growth of azalea (Rhododendron ‘Rosebud’) and pieris...
Four aspects of factors influencing the accuracy of nondestructive chlorophyll (Chl) and nitrogen (N) measurement in fresh leaves were studied: (1) optimum wavelength (OW) identification; (2) indices development and evaluation; (3) influence of leaf properties; and (4) influence of meter parameters and sampling technique. Results were used to develop indices...