Academic achievement of adolescent children is directly associated with their success in adulthood. Little is known, however, regarding how adolescents in immigrant families academically grow over time and what factors influence the trajectories. Drawing on the National Educational Longitudinal Survey 1988 (NELS: 88), this study aimed to: 1) identify the...
This study used a nationally representative dataset of 21,260 kindergartners, Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998-1999 (National Center for Education Statistics, 2001a), and a conceptual framework of theories of cultural and social capital (Bourdieu, 1986) embedded in an ecological framework (Bronfenbrenner, 2005) to identify unobserved socio-cultural classes in...